The invention discloses a production method of a fine-grained and low-sulfur titanium concentrate. The production method comprises technological steps as follows: (1), raw ore is concentrated and subjected to iron removing, and impurity-removed raw ore is obtained; (2), the impurity-removed raw ore is subjected to first-stage strong magnetic separation, and a first-stage strong magnetic separation concentrate and first-stage strong magnetic separation tailings are obtained; (3), the first-stage strong magnetic separation concentrate is subjected to first-stage gravity separation, and a first-stage gravity concentrate and a first-stage gravity tailings are obtained; (4), the first-stage gravity concentrate is subjected to ore grinding and floatation desulfurization, and flotation tailings and the fine-grained and low-sulfur titanium concentrate are obtained; (5), the first-stage gravity tailings are graded, coarse-grained minerals enter second-stage gravity separation, fine-grained minerals enter second-stage strong magnetic separation, and a second-stage gravity concentrate and a second-stage strong magnetic separation concentrate return to the step (2) and are subjected to the first-stage gravity separation with the first-stage strong magnetic separation concentrate. According to the method, stable and continuous production of fine-ground, low-sulfur and low-grade titanium concentrate is realized, production cost can be effectively reduced, and the comprehensive metal recovery rate is increased.