The invention discloses a behavior device for studying attention of rodents, and the behavior device comprises a box, three infrared sensors, water supply pipes, a rotary shield, water pumps, a motor, and an arduino controller. The first and second infrared sensors are arranged on left and right on a sidewall of the box, and the third infrared sensor is located in the middle of the bottom of the box. One water supply pipe is mounted behind each of the first and second infrared sensors, and each water supply pipe is connected to one water pump. The three infrared sensors, the water pumps and the motor are all connected to the arduino controller. The behavior device for studying attention of rodents is able to solve the problems of single study content, stereotyped ethological pattern, low percentage of animals completing attention training, long training time, low training efficiency, etc.