The invention discloses a wide-application range back pressure simulation device for a liquid oxidant supply system. The wide-application range back pressure simulation device comprises an injector, a back pressure simulation cavity shell, an electromagnetic valve and an electric ball valve, wherein the injector is connected with the back pressure simulation cavity shell; a pressure measurement opening which is used for monitoring the change of inner pressure intensity of the back pressure simulation cavity shell can be formed in the back pressure simulation cavity shell; the electromagnetic valve is connected with the back pressure simulation cavity shell through a three-way valve and is connected with the electric ball valve. By regulating the aperture of the electric ball valve and the switching sequence of the electromagnetic valve, the variation requirements of different back pressures can be met, a pressure profile of a true engine working process can be totally covered, and reliable evaluation on flow stability of the liquid oxidant supply system can be realized.