The invention provides a ship accumulator cabin ventilation and automatic extinguishing method based on fuzzy control. The method comprises the steps that the environment temperature and the smoke density of a ship accumulator cabin are collected; a fuzzy control model is established; a collected signal is used as the input quantity of the fuzzy control model, and the input quantity is fuzzified according to a preset fuzzy set; the fuzzy control quantity is obtained through fuzzy reasoning according to a preset control rule list; the fuzzy control quantity is multiplied by a proportionality coefficient after being defuzzified to obtain the control quantity; the control quantity is output to an alarm device, an extinguishing device and a ventilation system; and whether the alarm device, the extinguishing device and the ventilation system are started or not is selected according to the control quantity. By adoption of the ship accumulator cabin ventilation and automatic extinguishing method, cabin ventilation and early warning can be achieved, it is ensured that a fire is prevented before occurring, or a fire is automatically extinguished after occurring, the fire behavior is weakened maximally, personnel are evacuated in advance, and casualties and property loss are reduced.