The invention discloses a quantum communication system, and the system comprises at least one quantum communication node. The quantum communication node provides at least one pair of user quantum secret keys. One of the user quantum secret keys is provided for a communication terminal, and the other user quantum secret key is stored in the system. The communication terminal employs the user quantum secret key to carry out the encryption of communication information. The encrypted communication information is transmitted to the target communication terminal through the quantum communication node. The target communication terminal employs the user quantum secret key for decrypting the obtained communication information.