The invention provides a multiple light source-based method and device for mobile device space position measurement. The method comprises the following steps: at least three spot light sources that are different in time codes or at least three spot light source clusters that are different in space codes are used as reference points for space coordinates, the spot light sources or the spot light source clusters are mounted indoors or outdoors at fixed positions that are not arranged on a straight line, at least three one-dimensional orientation module groups mounted on a mobile device are used for obtaining relative coordinate data of the mobile device relative to the reference points, and therefore mobile device space coordinates and orientation can be measured. The multiple light source-based method and device are high in measuring speed and precision, all angle space position and attitude measurement can be realized in a dead angle-free manner, and a phenomenon that error distribution is excessive in a certain direction can be prevented; the device for implementing the method comprises the at least three spot light sources that are different in time codes or the at least three spot light source clusters that are different in space codes and the at three orientation module groups arranged on a base plate in such a way that a ring array is formed, and the spot light sources or the spot light source clusters are not arranged on the same straight line; the multiple light source-based device is simple in structure, easy in processing operation and low in cost; the multiple light source-based device is suitable for batch production and popularization.