The invention discloses a station platform clearance measurement device and method. The station platform clearance measurement device comprises a self-drive measurement vehicle and a measurement control circuit, the self-drive measurement vehicle comprises a chassis, a lifting bottom plate, travelling wheels, a travelling motor, a control cabinet, an electric lifting column, a fixed clamping bracket, a slidable clamping bracket, a measurement box, a horizontal ultrasonic ranging probe, a rain shed column ultrasonic ranging probe and a height ultrasonic ranging probe. The measurement control circuit comprises a travelling control circuit and a probe control circuit, and the travelling control circuit comprises a first microcontroller module, a first data storage unit, a first serial port communication module and a first wireless communication module; the probe control circuit comprises a second microcontroller module, a second serial port communication module and a gyroscope; a connecting wire fixing support is arranged at the lower portion of the electric lifting column, and a sound wave reflection plate is arranged on the connecting wire fixing support. The station platform clearance measurement device and method is high in efficiency, accuracy and safety in measurement, and high in reliability and stability in operation.