Abstract: Disclosed are a method of a terminal transmitting a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) on the basis of aperiodic SRS triggering and a method for controlling uplink transmission power to transmit an aperiodic SRS in a wireless communication system. The method of the terminal transmitting the SRS on the basis of the aperiodic SRS triggering according to the present invention comprises the steps of: receiving a plurality of aperiodic SRS configuration information from the base station; receiving an aperiodic SRS transmission triggering indicator from the base station; selecting the specific aperiodic SRS configuration information among the plurality of aperiodic SRS configuration information on the basis of at least one among a sub-frame index for receiving the aperiodic SRS transmission triggering indicator, a time relation between the aperiodic SRS transmission sub-frames, and an uplink channel state; and transmitting an aperiodic SRS for the aperiodic SRS transmission triggering indicator on the basis of the selected aperiodic SRS configuration information, the plurality of aperiodic SRS configuration information including the information about a resource for transmitting the aperiodic SRS corresponding to the aperiodic SRS transmission triggering indicator. In addition, according to the present invention, the terminal can be used for receiving a power offset value for transmitting the aperiodic SRS from the base station and determining a transmission power value for transmitting the aperiodic SRS.