The invention provides a mobile phone capable of identifying the case, comprising a mobile phone front case, a motherboard installed on the front case, and a battery case buckled onto the front case. Conductive elements are arranged on the motherboard. A rear case is arranged above the motherboard. Conductive foam is arranged on the battery case. A metal layer electrically connecting the conductive foam and the conductive elements is arranged on the rear case. According to the invention, the mobile phone rear case and the mobile phone motherboard are connected by the conductive elements, different connecting states are achieved through the conductive foam and the mobile phone rear case, and thus, the color (material) of the battery case of the mobile phone is identified. According to the scheme, there is no need to assemble a circuit board on the battery case of the mobile phone, so the cost is saved. The wiring pattern of the metal layer on the mobile phone rear case is changeable through a laser direct forming technology, it is not necessary to dispose the conductive foam right above the conductive elements, and the degree of freedom of product design is improved.