The invention discloses a chemical fire and ordinary fire recognition method, device, equipment and system. According to the method, an estimated peak value is searched and a valley value range is constructed according to the estimated peak value, then a peak valley depth value of the valley value range is calculated, and finally whether target flame is chemical fire or ordinary fire is judged through existence of the peak valley depth value of the valley value range exceeding a threshold. Flame spectral analysis is performed, and whether target flame is chemical fire or ordinary fire is judged according to the particularity of the flame spectrum so that firefighters are assisted in fire extinguishing, and the problem of encouraging fire caused by extinguishing fire by water can be avoided.