The invention belongs to the technical field of oil shale pyrolysis and mainly relates to a self-dust-removal type pyrolyzing and cracking system for oil shale particles based on regenerative radiant tube heating. The system comprises a pyrolysis hopper, a first feeding device, a pyrolyzing and cracking reactor, regenerative radiant tubes, a heat insulation brick wall, a communicating member, a particle bed dust removing device, a spraying tower and a gas tank, wherein the pyrolyzing and cracking reactor comprises a feed opening, a pyrolysis chamber, a cracking chamber and a cracking gas outlet. The reaction system disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation, uniform temperature distribution and good heating effect; the particle bed dust removing device is arranged at an oil gas outlet of the pyrolysis chamber; after oil gas generated by the pyrolysis chamber is subjected to dust removal through a particle bed, clean oil gas enters the cracking chamber for deep cracking; tar macromolecules are cracked into small molecule gaseous hydrocarbons, and a large amount of clean cracking gas products are generated, so that the dust removing pressure at the rear end is reduced, the problem that pyrolysis oil contains dust is solved, and clean and efficient utilization of fossil fuel is really realized.