The invention provides a bulk material intelligent moisture content online monitoring and dust falling device, which comprises a moisture detection device used for measuring the moisture content of a bulk material, a transmission device, a spraying device used for spraying water towards the transmission device, a distance measuring device used for detecting the width and/or the height of the bulk material on the transmission device and forming measurement signals, and a detection control PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) used for giving out an anti-collision device rising, falling or maintaining instruction and controlling the spraying amount of the spraying device. The invention further provides a bulk material intelligent moisture content online monitoring and dust falling method. Real-time online monitoring for the moisture content of the bulk material can be realized under various environmental conditions, targeted dust falling processing can be carried out, control is conducted timely, and water spraying is efficient and energy-saving in dust falling.