The invention discloses a fishing boat trawl winch tension control system. A first oil pressure sensor is arranged on a hauling side oil way of a first hydraulic motor; an oil inlet of a first pilot valve is connected with a remote control port of a first overflow valve; an outlet of the first pilot valve is connected with an oil tank; an oil inlet of the first overflow valve is connected with a hauling side oil port of the first hydraulic motor; the hauling side oil port of the first hydraulic motor is connected with a port A of a first proportional reversing valve; a shooting side oil port of the first hydraulic motor is connected with a port B of the first proportional reversing valve; the port A of the first proportional reversing valve is connected with an oil return port of a first balance vale; an oil return port of the first proportional reversing valve is connected with the oil tank; an oil inlet of the first balance valve is connected with the hauling side oil port of the first hydraulic motor; a control oil port of the first balance valve is connected between the port A of the first proportional reversing valve and the hauling side oil port of the first hydraulic motor; and the first overflow valve and the first pilot valve are respectively connected between the hauling side oil port and the shooting side oil port of the first hydraulic motor in parallel.