The invention discloses an engaged-drive walking wheel structure, a line patrol robot mechanical structure and an obstacle crossing method of the same and belongs to the technical field of robots. The line patrol robot mechanical structure comprises a rack, wherein the engaged-drive walking wheel structure is disposed on the rack; the walking wheel structure comprises at least one walking unit; the walking unit comprises at least one pair of partition wheels and one pair of side face clamping wheels; a first walking wheel arm and a second walking wheel arm are disposed under a drive partition wheel and a driven partition wheel respectively; a first side face wheel arm and a second side face wheel arm are disposed under an enveloping clamping wheel and the clamping side face wheels respectively; and outer sides of the drive partition wheel and the driven partition wheel are equipped with a built-in electric suction disk and a built-in iron block which are used to control butt-jointing and separation of the partition wheels respectively. In comparison with the prior art, the engaged-drive walking wheel structure, the line patrol robot mechanical structure and the obstacle crossing method of the same disclosed by the invention have the advantages that labor intensity is relieved; operational cost is reduced; and obstacles can be crossed.