The invention discloses a CMOS image sensor dual-mode communication receiving system of an integrated photoelectric detector. The system comprises a CMOS image sensor of the integrated photoelectric detector, a 01 picture generation module, a threshold value generation module, a light source detection module, a gray image generation module, a high-speed communication signal processing module and a low-speed communication signal processing module. The CMOS image sensor of the integrated photoelectric detector outputs an image signal, a mark picture is generated through self-feedback by employing the threshold value generation module, the gray image generation module and the 01 picture generation module, a detected light source position is fed back to the CMOS image sensor of the integrated photoelectric detector via the light source detection module, a received communication signal is processed via the high-speed communication signal processing module and the low-speed communication processing module, high-speed communication information and low-speed communication information are outputted, and the reception of dual-mode communication is realized. According to the system disclosed by the invention, the accuracy of light source detection is effectively improved; and the system can be used in visible light communication.