The invention discloses a wind power generation system and an energy management control method capable of adapting to small-sized wind field characteristics. The wind power generation system comprises a rectifying convector, a bidirectional energy storage converter and a grid-connection inverter, wherein the input end of the rectifying convector is connected with the output end of a fan; the rectifying output end of the rectifying convector is connected with the direct current side input end of the grid-connection inverter; one side of the bidirectional port of the bidirectional energy storage converter is connected with the output end of the rectifying convector while the other side of the bidirectional port of the bidirectional energy storage converter is connected with an energy storage apparatus; the grid-connection inverter is a single-phase full-bridge high-frequency grid-connection inverter; and the alternating current side of the grid-connection inverter is connected with a power grid. The wind power generation system, including the novel rectifying converter, a novel system topology structure and a novel battery state-of-charge based energy management policy, provided by the invention is quite suitable for small-sized wind fields; the wind power generation system has the advantages of easy voltage level matching of various levels of converters, weak wind energy collection, high conversion efficiency and the like; and the wind power generation system has a certain reference value and guidance effect for development and research of related wind power generation technology, so that the wind power generation system is worthy of popularization and application.