The invention discloses a water-based double-hydraulic drive discharge and mining system, which comprises a reverse double-piston ground drive pump unit, a flexible tube and hard tube double-tube water-based power transmission unit, a two-sided piston power applying unit and a rod pump unit used for oil pumping and discharge and mining; the flexible tube and hard tube double-tube water-based power transmission unit comprises a flexible tube and a hard tube; the flexible tube is attached to the hard tube and goes deep into an oil tube and a casing under the shaft; the reverse double-piston ground drive pump unit is equipped so as to apply suction to the hard tube while applying pressure to the flexible tube or apply pressure to the hard tube while applying suction to the flexible tube; the upper side of the two-sided piston power applying unit is connected with the flexible tube, and the lower side of the two-sided piston power applying unit is connected with the hard tube; and the rod pump unit used for oil pumping and discharge and mining is in linkage with the two-sided piston power applying unit.