The invention discloses a miniaturized high repetition frequency mode-locked semiconductor thin disk laser, which comprises a gain chip, an optical resonance cavity mirror assembly and a pumping light source, wherein the optical resonance cavity mirror assembly is positioned at the front side of the gain chip; the optical resonance cavity mirror assembly and the gain chip form a V-shaped resonance cavity; and the pumping light source performs pumping on the gain chip from the back side and generates mode-locked pulse laser through the optical resonance cavity mirror assembly. The pumping light source is arranged at the back side of the gain chip and performs the light pumping from the back side, so that the interference of the pumping light source on the resonance cavity can be completely avoided; the design and the building of the resonance cavity are not limited by pumping light; the cavity length of the resonance cavity can be very short; the mode-locked pulse repetition frequency is greatly improved; meanwhile, the laser becomes compact and miniaturized; and the application range and the laser performance of the laser are greatly improved.