The invention relates to the technical field of an affinity material, silica gel is taken as a substrate, a preparation method comprises synthesis of a spacer arm-modified silica gel containing bifunctional groups, and is used for preparing an agglutinin affinity material containing high bonding amount. A structure of the agglutinin affinity material is characterized in that the silica gel is taken as the substrate, the spacer arm end contains function groups of epoxy, hydroxyl, carboxyl, isocyano, and aldehyde group, and a ligand is agglutinin. The prepared agglutinin affinity material has the advantages of simple process, mild condition, low cost, high bonding amount, stable agglutinin property, and good agglutinin activity, and can be widely used for separating and gathering glycoprotein and glycopeptides.