An error calibration method of an uniaxial north seeker comprises the following steps: firstly driving a rotary table to carry out four-position testing, and calibrating control drift angle between an instrument system and a carrier system of the uniaxial north seeker; then using the instrument system of the north seeker as a calibration coordinate system and controlling the rotary table to carry out corresponding position and rate testing; and finally finishing calculation of each error coefficient according to an error model of the uniaxial north seeker. The problem of indeterminate angle relation between the carrier system and the instrument system of the uniaxial north seeker is solved, and by the simple uniaxial north seeker's error compensation model and position and rate calibration method, error calibration of the uniaxial north seeker is realized. The calibration method is less time-consuming, has simple calculation and can be used to rapidly complete calibration test.