The invention discloses an agricultural product internal quality detection apparatus for efficient and continuous detection of agricultural products. The apparatus comprises a light source, a disc-type light filter below the light source, a lens located below the disc-type light filter, a clamping device located below the lens, a detection part arranged on the clamping device, an operational amplifier connected to the detection part and an indicating meter connected to the operational amplifier. The apparatus is characterized in that the clamping device comprises an installation base and a rotatable clamping disc located on the upper part of the installation base, the installation base is provided with a missing hole, the clamping disc is provided with an arc through hole going through the clamping disc along a clamping disc axial direction, the opening of the arc through hole is tangent to the excircle of the clamping disc, the inner hole of the arc through hole coincides with the missing hole, the side of the clamping disc is provided with a conveyor belt and the conveyor tail end of the conveyor belt is opposite to the opening of the arc through hole.