The invention relates to a self-propelled, dust-collecting robot capable of increasing battery versatility and avoiding costs and labor for battery management. In a self-propelled, dust-collecting robot (1), 18V lithium-ion batteries (3), which are also designed to serve as the power supply of a power tool, are mounted in the mounting parts (28) having bottom hole shapes and whose upper surfaces are open are and at the rear of a main body part (2) having a dust collecting container (7). Each battery (3) includes a housing (31) having a plurality of battery cells, a coupling part (32) having a pair of rails (33) on the left and on the right side of charge/discharge terminals, and the battery (3) can be inserted and mounted from the upper side in its respective mounting member (28) as the power tool having guide rails and a terminal block disposed upward.