The invention proposes an on-chip network mapping method based on a discrete bat algorithm, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out initialization and generating a bat population; calculating an adaptive value of each bat individual, and finding out the optimal individual in the bat population; updating a pulse emissivity according to the number of current iterations; generating a new solution to the bat individual; judging whether rand(0, 1) is greater than the pulse emissivity or not, carrying out the local searching of the current optimal bat individual when the rand(0, 1) is greater than the pulse emissivity, and generating a new solution x'; calculating an adaptive value of the new solution x', and calculating loudness Ai through the adaptive value of the new solution x'; updating the position of the current bat individual through employing the new solution x' when the adaptive value of the new solution x' is less than the current adaptive value of the bat individual and the rand(0, 1) is greater than the loudness Ai; enabling the new solution x' to serve as the optimal individual in the bat population when the adaptive value of the new solution x' is less than the adaptive value of the optimal individual x* in the bat population; carrying out the traversal of the whole bat population, stopping searching when the number of operation iterations reaches a preset maximum value, and outputting the optimal individual in the bat population and the adaptive value of the optimal individual. The experiment result indicates that the method can obtain the better mapping result.