The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a surgical laser positioning system. The surgical laser positioning system comprises a distal-end guide device and a human body bilateral positioning device. The distal-end guide device comprises a supporting base, a supporting rod, a universal movable arm, a laser fixing frame and a distal-end laser transmitter, and a locking mechanism is arranged between the laser fixing frame and the distal-end laser transmitter. The human body bilateral positioning device comprises a connecting arm and two fixed laser aligners, wherein every fixed laser aligner is capable of transmitting laser towards two opposite directions, the laser transmitted by the two fixed laser aligners is positioned on the same straight line, and the connecting arm is provided with scales distributed along the radian extension direction. The surgical laser positioning system is capable of positioning precisely and low in cost.