The invention relates to a wire drawing method of a high-stress active polarization-maintaining fiber prefabricated rod. The method comprises the following steps: depositing a rare-earth ion-doped active fiber prefabricated rod by virtue of a CVD process; respectively preparing a quartz rod and a fiber prefabricated rod; welding the active fiber prefabricated rod between the quartz rod and the fiber prefabricated rod; forming two holes in the entire welded prefabricated rod; respectively inserting two fine quartz rods into two inner holes II of the quartz rod and two inner holes I of the active fiber prefabricated rod, and enabling the two stress rods to tightly contact the two fine quartz rods; connecting a supporting pipe to the prefabricated rod, then placing the prefabricated rod into a heating furnace of a wire drawing tower, after the prefabricated rod is heated and softened, and sealing the upper ends of the two inner holes I of the active fiber prefabricated rod by virtue of the fine quartz rods, so that liquefied boron rod can be prevented from overflowing from the inner holes I. By adopting the wire drawing method, the using length of the active polarization-maintaining prefabricated rod can be effectively increased, and the deformation amount of an optical fiber can be maximally reduced.