The invention relates to an air energy heat pump evaporation system. The air energy heat pump evaporation system comprises a raw material tank, a raw material pump, a material circulation pump, a separator, a plate type heat exchanger, an air energy heat pump, a water tank and a PLC system for controlling the evaporation system, wherein the material conveying direction is as follows: the raw material is conveyed into a separator by the raw material pump and is primarily evaporated in the separator; the material in the separator is pumped into the plate type heat exchanger by the material circulation pump to carry out heat exchange; and the evaporated and concentrated solution is discharged by a pipeline. The hot water flowing direction is as follows: the running water flows into the water tank; the water in the water tank is introduced into the air energy heat pump and is heated; the hot water circulates to the water tank; the hot water in the water tank is pumped into the plate type heat exchanger by a hot water pump to carry out heat exchange; and the cooled water re-circulates into the water tank. The system is reasonable in design; through improvement, the utilization rate of the heat source is greatly increased; the evaporation area in the separator and the air flow rate on the water surface are increased, so that the evaporation efficiency is improved.