The invention provides a poultry health monitoring method and a system. The method comprises the following steps. Step 1: a tri-axial acceleration transducer of a data acquiring unit, based on pre-set acquired sample frequency, obtains data concerning tri-axial acceleration of N poultry, wherein N is an integer greater than zero; step 2: a data processing unit utilizes a cluster computing method to conduct cluster analysis on the obtained data concerning tri-axial acceleration so as to obtain time-series data concerning the basic behavior of each of the poultry; and step 3; the data processing unit compares and analyzes the time-series data with a pre-set threshold value parameter to obtain the health information of each of the poultry. The system provided by the invention comprises a data acquiring unit, a micro-storing unit, a wireless transmission unit and a data processing unit. According to the embodiments of the invention, the system is fairly adaptive, is less affected by an external environment, and can provide high accurate monitoring results. The method and the system also play a favorable role in judging behaviors of poultry, monitoring the health of poultry, breeding poultry according to the classification of poultry and achieving quality supervision throughout a whole process.