The invention provides an optical positioning device capable of bidirectional imaging by using single camera device. The device comprises a camera device, a light collecting unit, a first imaging unit, and a second imaging unit. The light collecting unit is disposed between the first imaging unit and the second imaging unit, and comprises a full-reflection mirror and a light collecting half-reflection mirror. The light collecting half-reflection mirror is disposed with respect to the camera device at a light collecting reflection angle. The first imaging unit is disposed between an upper plate member and the light collecting unit, and is provided with a first light source generating unit and a first half-reflection mirror. The second imaging unit is disposed between a lower plate member and the light collecting half-reflection mirror, and is provided with a second light source generating unit and a second half-reflection mirror. The single camera device is used for the bidirectional imaging for the upper plate member and the lower plate member. The optical positioning device is advantageous in that the number of the camera devices can be reduced, and the X axis and the Y axis can be adjusted to be positioned in an automatically-aligned manner, and therefore the capacity and the product yield can be improved.