Provided is a fiber-reinforced composite material having a high level of CAI, ILSS, and other mechanical properties, and capable of simultaneously improving, to a high level, both a mode I interlayer fracture toughness value (GIC) and a mode II interlayer fracture toughness value (GIIC). The composite material comprises: a plurality of reinforcing fiber-containing layers comprising a plurality of laminated and cured prepregs; and resin layers in the interlayer regions for each reinforcing fiber-containing layer. The resin layers comprise a cured product of a resin composition including a compound having a benzoxazine ring indicated in a formula (1) in the molecules thereof, an epoxy resin, a curing agent, a toughness improver, and a polyamide 12 powder. The composite material has a GIC of at least 300 J/m2 and a GIIC of at least 1000 J/m2. The formula 1 is shown in the specification, wherein R1 is a C1-C12 chain alkyl group, etc. H is bonded to the C at at least either the O-position or the P-position of the carbon atom to which an oxygen atom is bonded, in an aromatic ring in the formula.