The invention relates to a cross-layer dynamic self-adapting routing method based on an LEO satellite network. According to the cross-layer dynamic self-adapting routing method based on the LEO satellite network, through overall consideration of the transmission delay, the network link utilization rate and the network link quality of a data packet, the link weight is defined, an optimization model is established, and solving is conducted on the optimization model based on an ant colony algorithm. According to concrete realization of the cross-layer dynamic self-adapting routing method, a mobile agent is used for collecting routing information autonomously, a routing decision can be made in the stage of route establishment through the information of a physical layer, and an ant routing probability value is changed dynamically according to the link quality of the satellite network. By the adoption of the cross-layer dynamic self-adapting routing method, under the condition that the transmission delay and the bandwidth utilization rate of the data packet of the satellite network are guaranteed, data packet dropout caused by deterioration of a link state is avoided, and the robustness of the network is effectively guaranteed.