The invention discloses an aluminum cell side conductive cathode structure for reducing a horizontal current of molten aluminum. The horizontal current in the molten aluminum can be greatly reduced through installing and using a horizontal or inclined conductive side cathode steel rod. A structure parameter of a cathode is determined according to an actual cell type design, the horizontal current in the molten aluminum can be remarkably reduced when the cathode is applied to the aluminum cell, the distribution of the horizontal current in the molten aluminum is optimized and the cathode voltage drop is reduced, thus the functions of weakening the vertical fluctuation of the molten aluminum and stabilizing the horizontal movement of the molten aluminum are achieved so that an electrolysis can be stably carried out at a low voltage, and the energy consumption is greatly reduced. The aluminum cell side conductive cathode structure is convenient and simple to process, easy to realize, low in cost and little in influence on service life of an inner linear of the cell.