The invention discloses a single-unit eight-axle electric transmission shunting diesel locomotive. The locomotive is divided into an upper part and a lower part; the upper part is a car body with a frame, two ends of the lower part are bogies which include two B0-B0 four-axle bogies, and each of the two B0-B0 four-axle bogies is formed by that two B0 two-axle bogies and a transition frame are connected by rubber pads, and the transition frame is arranged at the middle above the two B0 two-axle bogies; and the car body is connected with the B0 two-axle bogies through a transition device. The single-unit eight-axle electric transmission shunting diesel locomotive has the advantages that the transition capacity is high; parts have good generality, the maintenance is convenient, and the locomotive maintenance cost is reduced; the locomotive has good curve negotiating performance, and the wheel/rail abrasion value is greatly reduced; only one set of diesel, generator and cooling device are used, the reliability and the economy of the locomotive are improved, and the production and use cost is reduced; and the application economical efficiency is high, the single-unit eight-axle locomotive can replace two four-axle locomotives, the number of the locomotive crew is reduced, and the use is convenient.