The invention relates to a succinic acid separating apparatus and a succinic acid separating method based on a full membrane separation system. According to the invention, the full membrane separation system of the succinic acid separating apparatus comprises a membrane component (5). The apparatus also comprises a fermentation tank (1) and a pump (3). The fermentation tank (1), the pump (3) and the membrane component (5) in the full membrane separation system form a circuit, such that the coupling of succinic acid fermentation and separation is realized. According to the apparatus provided by the invention, the succinic acid fermentation technology and the succinic acid separation technology are coupled, such that high concentration inhibition of succinic acid during a fermentation process is relieved, and high-density succinic acid fermentation broth can be obtained. Therefore, the production intensity can be improved, the succinic acid production period can be shortened, and the production efficiency can be improved.