The invention relates to a rapid passenger train structure combining a nonstop train with a short-distance train. The rapid passenger train structure is characterized in that: a cavity opened downwardly is formed between a train head and carriages of the short-distance train; the nonstop train can pass through the cavity; two rails for the nonstop train to run are positioned in the middle of two rails for the short-distance train; the outer sides and inner sides of the train head and the carriages of the short-distance train are provided with doors of which the quantity is equal to that of doors on a train head and carriages of the corresponding nonstop train; the front part of the train head of the short-distance train is provided with a pair of rotatable train blocking arms; the back part of the train head of the short-distance train is provided with a pair of rotatable escape arms; and the two ends of each carriage of the short-distance train are provided with a pair of rotatable escape arms respectively. The nonstop train and the short-distance train are combined during high-speed linear movement, and get-on and get-off passengers can be exchanged from the side faces of the carriages, so that the passengers can be exchanged from a plurality of doors within a short period of time like the conventional subway carriages, and passengers on a short-distance station can get on the nonstop train to arrive at a destination station quickly.