The invention discloses a treatment method for an alginate fiber fabric, comprising a pretreatment process, a nano-finishing process and a post-treatment process. Before nano-finishing, sized yarns require to be pretreated; in the nano-finishing process, the alginate fiber fabric is added in a nano-finishing agent and is subjected to impregnation, padding and preliminary drying three times and one-time roasting; and in the post treatment process, the fabric subjected to the nano-finishing is subjected to washing cleaning in a solvent containing a low-temperature fixing agent. The alginate fiber fabric produced according to the treatment method disclosed by the invention has durable and high-efficiency water-repellent and oil-repellent effect besides better biocompatibility of the fiber per se, and is resistant to contamination and easy to care.