The invention which belongs to the technical field of medicine relates to a new use of Esculentoside A in preparing drugs for controlling hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis. Pharmacological experiments show that: Esculentoside A allows the generation of collagen in hepatic tissues to be substantially inhibited, the fibrosis degree to be reduced and the control effect on hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis to be fine, so Esculentoside A can be used to prepare the drugs for controlling hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis. The invention provides a new drug resource for controlling hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis.