The invention discloses a blade structure with a built-in bed frame-type pneumatic damping device; a blade comprises a blade body and a tennon, wherein the blade body comprises a blade back side wall, a blade basin side wall, a front edge, a rear edge, an A shock-absorbing plate, a B shock-absorbing plate, a C shock-absorbing plate, an A support rib and a B support rib; the blade back side wall and the blade basin side wall are arranged between the front edge and the rear edge, and a runner is arranged between the blade back side wall and the blade basin side wall; the B shock-absorbing plateis arranged between the A support rib and the B support rib, the A shock-absorbing plate is arranged in an installation groove on the other side of the A support rib, the C shock-absorbing plate is arranged in the installation groove on the other side of the B support rib, so as to form a frame-type pneumatic damping structure; and the frame-type pneumatic damping structure is arranged in the runner which is formed by the blade back side wall and the blade basin side wall. The design of the blade structure can absorb the vibration energy of a blade body wing surface within a very wide frequency domain range, reduce the vibration stress level of the blade body, so as to solve the problem of the high-cycle fatigue failure of the blade caused by the intensive mode of the blade and the failure to avoid resonance.