The present invention refers to an apparatus and process for moulding and vulcanization of vehicle tyres. The apparatus for moulding and vulcanization of vehicle tyres comprises a mould (1) for forming a moulding cavity (3) having a conformation corresponding to the outside conformation to be given to the vulcanized tyre and comprising a pair of shells (4) axially opposed and each having a working surface (5). The working surface (5) has an annular development and is predisposed to operate on the beads (6) and on the sidewalls (7) of a raw tyre (2) to be vulcanized. The working surface (5) ofat least one of the shells (4) also has an annular groove (12) developing along its own annular development. A annular insert (13) is removably mounted in the annular groove (12) and has a moulding face (14) opposite the moulding cavity (3) whose moulding face (14) bears graphic marks (15) to imprint on the sidewall (7) of the tyre (2).