The invention relates to a self-adapting down-sampling stereo video compressed coding method based on a residual error macro block, adopting a stereo video coding scheme based on united compensated prediction by time and spatial correlation analysis of the video information of the left viewpoint and the right viewpoint of a stereo video and correlation analysis between the left viewpoint and the right viewpoint, wherein two images of stereo video of a stereo video image pair are formed according to the human eye vision inhibition theory; a high-resolution image can inhibit fuzzy parts in a low-resolution image, and the finally obtained stereo perception mainly depends on the high-resolution image. Based on the theory, the invention provides a down-sampling method based on a residual errormacro block, comprising the following steps: respectively adopting three down-sampling modes according to movement conditions of the image in different directions to reduce the sampling distortion factor; then according to a motion compensated prediction mode, a parallax compensated prediction mode and a united compensated prediction mode in stereo video coding, judging the severity rate of the movement of the current coding block, thereby realizing the self-adapting down-sampling method based on the residual error macro block and improving the coding efficiency.