The invention discloses a method for extracting salinomycin compounds from an animal sample and a special immunoaffinity absorbent thereof. The immunoaffinity absorbent for extracting the salinomycin compounds from the animal sample consists of a solid phase carrier and a salinomycin monoclonal antibody which is coupled with the solid phase carrier; the salinomycin monoclonal antibody is an antibody obtained by taking a conjugate of salinomycin semiantigen and carrier protein as immunogen; and the salinomycin compounds are salinomycin or methylsalinomycin. The immunoaffinity absorbent and a chromatographic column use the high specific salinomycin monoclonal antibody, have high selectivity, ensure the reliability of detection effect, greatly simplify the pretreatment processes of samples at the same time, are particularly applicable to the pretreatment of a trace amount of salinomycin and methylsalinomycin in muscle and liver, and improve the analysis quality. A detection method of theinvention can efficiently detect the content of the salinomycin and the methylsalinomycin, and remedy the disadvantages that the direct assay of the samples by a single immunoassay technology has less information amount, poor quantification accuracy, or low selectivity of physical and chemical methods and so on, so the immunoaffinity absorbent, the chromatographic column, a reagent kit and the methods for extracting and detecting the salinomycin compounds in the animal sample are suitable to be promoted and applied.