US07703140B2
Techniques for dynamically altering security criteria used in a file security system are disclosed. The security criteria pertains to keys (or ciphers) used by the file security system to encrypt electronic files to be secured or to decrypt electronic files already secured. The security criteria can, among other things, include keys that are required to gain access to electronic files. Here, the keys can be changed automatically as electronic files transition between different states of a process-driven security policy. The dynamic alteration of security criteria enhances the flexibility and robustness of the security system. In other words, access restrictions on electronic files can be dependent on the state of the process-driven security policy.
US07703118B2
Delivery of feedback information to a scheduling service to determine optimum broadcast times based upon client platform tuner contention is described. A usage pattern of an electronic media device is recorded. The usage pattern is communicated to a scheduling server. Media content is received during a time period selected by the scheduling server based upon the usage pattern.
US07703117B2
One embodiment of the present invention is a method for broadcasting information to a client device, which device utilizes presentation rates to present information at various presentation rates, and which method includes: (a) broadcasting information; and (b) broadcasting guidance information used to determine presentation rates for use by the client device in presentation of the information; wherein the guidance information comprises insistence information that specifies a measure of importance of utilizing presentation rate information contained in the guidance information.
US07703111B2
In this invention, an objective lens driving device, an optical pickup, and an optical disk device are disclosed which have a feature that plural dynamic vibration absorbers provided at the retaining section, by which the elastic supporting members supporting the movable section retaining the objective lens are connected to the movable section, can reduce a resonance peak, which may worsen the servo characteristic, and suppress unwanted vibration effectively, since the character frequency of the dynamic vibration absorbers functions as a damper against the vibration of the movable section. This invention also discloses a method of suppressing the vibration of the movable section.
US07703108B2
An application program is run in a process supported by an operating system in a computer system. The application program is executed in a virtual machine, and the virtual machine is within the process. Loading a library for the application program includes determining whether this is the first library load instruction in the application program. If it is the first library load instruction, then the library is loaded in a first memory area, and a handle and link map to the first memory area is defined for the library. If the library load instruction is a second or subsequent library load instruction, the further library is loaded in a further memory area, also associated with the link map identifier, and a second handle to the further library is defined and stored.
US07703107B2
The present invention provides a virtual machine interface (VMI) and an application programming interface (API) usable in conjunction with a reconfigurable wireless network communication apparatus. The reconfigurable wireless network communication apparatus comprises a plurality of hardware kernels. The apparatus can be reconfigured to support different or modified communication protocols over time. The VMI comprises a library of software objects. By configuring VMI software objects, a programmer selects the communication protocol used by the reconfigurable wireless network communication apparatus. The API of the present invention provides higher level management of the communication protocol used by a reconfigurable wireless network communication apparatus. The API comprises a library of high level software objects that further abstract hardware details of the apparatus.
US07703102B1
An approach for allocating resources to an apparatus based on preemptable resource requirements generally involves a resource allocator determining that a resource that satisfies a resource requirement for one apparatus is not available but that another resource that currently satisfies another resource requirement for another apparatus does satisfy the resource requirement. The resource allocator determines that the other resource requirement for the other apparatus is characterized in that resources that currently satisfy the other resource requirement may be de-allocated from the other apparatus, such as a preemptable resource requirement. The resource allocator de-allocates the resource from the other apparatus and allocates the resource to the one apparatus. A preemptable resource requirement can be based on a suspendable resource requirement or a set of alternative resource requirements.
US07703077B2
Described are embodiments for developing a message-passing application program. The program is constructed using stages having a plurality of asynchronous functions, or operations. The operations communicate with other operations of other message-passing programs in a distributed computing environment. The operations also communicate with other operations on other stages of the message-passing application. In order to reduce deadlock errors, a behavioral type signature is appended to the declaration of each operation of the message-passing application program. The behavioral type signature specifies behavioral properties for each operation, such as when an operation should send a message to another operation. A type checker utilizes typing rules and the behavioral type signature to extract an implementation model of each function. The type checker then compares the implementation model to the behavioral type signature to determine whether the asynchronous function conforms to the behavioral type signature.
US07703063B2
A method and data receiver apparatus implement a high speed, such as double data rate (DDR), memory read data eye stretcher. Altering the reference level is performed to increase the size of the data eye. Knowledge of the previous data state is used to adjust the reference level for the current data being latched so that the data eye is maximized.
US07703056B2
A circuit design program product to cause a computer to execute a circuit design process based on a test point insertion, includes: a step for making reference to a netlist to extract a plurality of equivalent faults fj; a step for searching a number n(fj) of test point required for a number of the equivalent fault keeping equivalent relation with a search object equivalent fault fj with each of a plurality of equivalent faults as the search object equivalent fault to become a predetermined number and a insertion position G(fj); a step for calculating probability p(fj) of a single stuck-at fault being included in a set of equivalent faults including at least a search object equivalent fault fj at an occasion when the relevant stuck-at fault takes place in the circuit; a step for calculating a parameter e(fj) derived by an equation: e(fj)=p(fj)/n(fj) on each pattern of an insertion position G(fj); and a step for determining the insertion position G(fmax) giving the maximum value among the calculated parameters e(fj) as a position where the test point is inserted.
US07703050B2
Methods for optimizing design parameters of a circuit are disclosed. In one aspect, an optimization problem includes one or more performance specifications that represent an exponent of a design parameter to be optimized. Various parameters of passive and active circuit devices may be efficiently and accurately optimized as a result. In another aspect, linear performance specifications are included for accurately calculating voltages. In yet other aspects of the invention, three special types of convex optimization problems are disclosed for enabling the above use of exponents of design parameters which provide efficient and accurate calculations of a virtually unlimited array of circuit parameters and performance characteristics.
US07703048B2
A method, system, and program are provided for managing flexible events within an electronic calendar. A calendaring controller schedules fixed events requiring a fixed time slots and flexible events that are flexible for scheduling over a particular time period for a particular duration, wherein the particular time period is greater than the particular duration. The calendaring controller sets each flexible event at a particular time slot within the particular time period for the particular duration. Responsive to the calendaring controller detecting a request for a new event for an additional time slot overlapping the particular time slot, the calendaring controller repositions the flexible event to at least one other time slot of the particular duration during the particular time period to allow for scheduling the new event during the additional time slot.
US07703046B2
A system and method are provided for notifying a user about the occurrence of at least one predetermined event associated with an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) in operable communication with the system. The system comprises a worker module and a user interface module. The worker module determines whether the predetermined event has occurred and, responsive to said determination, the user interface module generates an user interface providing information relating to an operating parameter of the UPS. The user interface comprises at least one of a graphical portion and an alphanumeric portion.
US07703038B1
A system renders a graphical user interface to allow editing of graphics within a work area. The system receives a start input to define a start of the work area at a start location of a pointing device on the graphical user interface. The system receives a motion input that alters a location of the pointing device on the graphical user interface from the start location to an end location. The system receives an end input to define an end of the work area at the end location of the pointing device defined upon receipt of the end input, and creates the work area in which graphics may be edited between the start location and the end location of the pointing device on the graphical user interface. The work area defines a graphics editing region confined between the start input and the end input.
US07703037B2
A computer-implemented method is disclosed. The method is for enabling a user to efficiently navigate to a portion of a user interface configured to support performance of a particular task. The method includes receiving from the user an input that includes a description of the particular task. A result set is returned to the user and includes a plurality of candidate tasks that correspond to the description. The candidate tasks are displayed relative to an indication of at least one corresponding applet.
US07703031B2
A display control apparatus includes a first display control unit for controlling displaying a first representative image in a first folder on a first area of a display screen with first content recorded on a recording medium thereof belonging to the first folder, a second display control unit for controlling displaying a second representative image in a second folder on a second area of the display screen with second content supplied from a partner apparatus connected thereto via a network and belonging to the second folder, and a third display control unit for controlling displaying, on a third area of the display screen, a thumbnail image of one of the first content and the second content corresponding to one of the first folder and the second folder selected using one of the first representative image and the second representative image.
US07703028B2
Systems, methods, and computer products that efficiently present large amounts of entity information with a graphical display that retains all or most of the relevant contextual information. More particularly, the preferred embodiment of the present invention enables efficient analysis of data with a graphical display that minimizes distortion of the text in the graphical display, that retains contextual information associated with data objects in the graphical display, and that positions the objects to optimally represent relational database associations.
US07703027B2
System and method for merging differences between graphical programs. Information is received regarding matches and differences, e.g., in hardware, software, configuration, and/or connectivity, between first and second graphical programs, each comprising respective pluralities of interconnected nodes. The information is analyzed to merge differences between the first and second graphical programs, e.g., for each difference: removing all non-common nodes and connections thereto in the second sub-graph from the second graphical program, adding all common nodes and connections thereto in the first sub-graph to the second graphical program, determining all edges in the first sub-graph that connect common nodes to non-common nodes; and for each determined edge, adding to the second graphical program an edge that connects a corresponding common node in the second sub-graph with a corresponding non-common node added from the first sub-graph. A merged graphical program is displayed on a display, e.g., graphically indicating the merged matches and/or differences.
US07703026B2
Computer-implemented methods, systems, displays, and computer program products are provided for displaying data within a pattern based user interface. To allow flexibility when displaying data, the data may be displayed within a non-pattern based user interface together with the pattern based user interface within one display.
US07703023B2
Multipersona creation and management is described. In one of a variety of examples, a system provides creation and management of multiple personas of a single user. Each of the personas, for instance, may have an associated external representation of the user, such as user tile, alias, email address, and so on. These personas may then be managed, both automatically and manually, to provide different external representations of the user as desired.
US07703018B2
The Design Tool of the present invention discloses an apparatus and method for automating the drawing sequence of Microsoft Visio® to produce a diagram of a network solution. The Design Tool reduces device selections to a series of automatically generated instructions that control Microsoft Visio®. The apparatus and method of the Design Tool accomplish this result by causing the TSA to define custom VLANs and to configure custom connectivity groups (VLAN Groups). Using the Design Tool, the TSA (or other user) activates a series of graphical user interfaces providing access to available virtual local area networks, configured virtual local area network groups, available primary devices and available related devices. By providing input to the graphical user interfaces, the TSA defines configured virtual local area networks, configured virtual local area network groups, configured primary devices and configured related devices for the TSA's network solution. Responsive to receiving the input, the Design Tool instructs the drawing program to create a diagram of the network solution containing the configured primary devices and the configured related devices. Connectivity for each configured primary device and each configured related device is defined by a virtual local area network group identification created as part of the input.
US07703011B2
A digital content creation device includes a processor and a storage device. The storage device stores a content database including digital content sets. The processor selects a target digital content set for processing; determines, based on a template, a layout for more than one target selected digital content sets; detects, based on processor generated overlap information, an overlapping region of the more than one target selected digital content sets; determines, based on processor generator importance information, at least one target selected digital content set for moving; determines a move direction parallel to a line connecting an overlapping region centroid and a move-target digital content set centroid allowing the centroids to be separated; calculates a move-distance to remove the overlap between the move-target digital content set and a quadrangle circumscribed on the overlapping region; and moves the move-target digital content set in the move direction by the move distance.
US07703010B2
Dynamic web page generation is optimized by reducing the processing overhead required to parse the web page HTML code for tokens and insert dynamic content. Using the invention, an HTML file for a dynamic web page need be read and parsed only once throughout the life of the server. A software object parses the HTML, decomposes the page into constituent pieces and saves them to data structures as byte streams, which are cached, along with the software object, rendering multiple disk accesses unnecessary when the page is reconstituted. For subsequent requests, the dynamic page is created from the cached version, which is shareable across users and across requests. The optimization reduces server resource usage for dynamic page generation to near zero. The invention is also applicable to other documents combining static and dynamic content that require composition tools for editing.
US07703009B2
Methods and apparatuses for extensible stylesheet design using meta-tag information are disclosed. A designed stylesheet is for transferring content-oriented markup language files into a target file so as to support various presentations and information exchange. According to one aspect, a data processing mechanism starts with inserting meta-tag declarations in a target file wherein the meta-tag information pertains to information between dynamic objects in the target file and a source file. The target file with meta-tag information is then converted into one or more extensible stylesheets.
US07703006B2
Embodiments include methods and systems for processing XML documents. One embodiment is a system that includes a tokenizer configured to identify tokens in an XML document. A plurality of speculative processing modules are configured to receive the tokens and to at least partially process the XML document and to provide data indicative of the XML document. A first module is configured to perform further processing of the XML document using the data indicative of the XML document and configured to output the processed XML document. Each of the plurality of speculative processing modules is configured to asynchronously provide the data indicative of the XML document to the first module. Other embodiments include method and systems for performing the speculative processing.
US07702998B2
A system architecture integrates spreadsheet functionality into text. The architecture allows insertion of discrete individual fields, referred to as “free floating fields”, inline with normal textual sentences. In an HTML document, for example, the free floating fields are elements constructed along with text elements and rendered together as an integrated document. Once rendered, the free floating fields present contents that resemble normal text consistent with the surrounding text. The free floating fields offer spreadsheet functionality, including the ability to handle complex formulas, reference values in a separate free floating field or table, and automatically recalculate the formulas when a source value changes.
US07702989B2
Various systems and methods for generating error indications are disclosed herein. In some cases, the error indication is used as an erasure pointer in a memory access system. As one particular example, a system for generating an erasure pointer is disclosed that includes accumulating a number of error values into an overall error value, and comparing the overall error value to an error threshold. When the overall error value exceeds the error threshold, an erasure pointer is generated. In one particular case, the error values are derived from a look up table using thermometer codes generated by an analog to digital converter. In other cases, the error values are derived from comparing a soft output with a reliability threshold.
US07702986B2
Method and apparatus for generating codewords with variable length and redundancy from a single Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) code with variable length input words. A mother code for encoding data words is generated based on a parity-check matrix, wherein the mother code is adjusted to reflect the size of the data word to be encoded. A generator matrix applies the mother code to data words to produce codewords for transmission. In one embodiment, a reduction criteria is determined and the size of the generator matrix reduced in response. The corresponding parity-check matrix is applied at the receiver for decoding the received codeword.
US07702984B1
A high volume testing/formatting process is provided for Universal Serial Bus-based (USB-based) electronic data flash cards (USB devices) that meets the increasing demand for USB electronic data flash cards (USB devices). A test host is simultaneously coupled to the multiple USB devices (e.g., using a multi-port card reader or a probe fixture), a controller endpoint value is read from each of the USB devices and verified with a known good value, and then testing/formatting is performed on each of the USB devices by writing predetermined data into each USB device in a pipelined manner, then reading out and testing the predetermined data. In one embodiment, the test host implements a special a USB driver that blocks standard USB registration procedures upon detecting the plurality of USB devices. Control and/or boot code data are written onto the flash memory device (i.e., instead of being provided on a controller ROM).
US07702983B2
A scan compression architecture for a design for a testability compiler used in system-on-chip software design tools includes a first scan architecture including a first scan compressor/decompressor configuration connected to a first predetermined set of pins, and a second scan architecture including a second scan compressor/decompressor configuration connected to a subset of the pins. The first scan architecture is selectively enabled for executing a scan test with a low time. The second scan architecture is for executing a scan test with high parallelism.
US07702979B2
An object of the invention is to drastically reduce the area overhead in a semiconductor integrated circuit incorporating a test configuration that uses a partially rotational scan circuit. To achieve this, in the semiconductor integrated circuit incorporating the test configuration that comprises a combinational circuit (3) and a scan chain (2) constructed by connecting a plurality of scan flip-flops (5) in a chain, the scan chain (2) is divided into a plurality of sub scan-chains (20a to 20n) each of which has a partially rotational scan (PRS) function and a test response compaction (MISR) function. By performing a scan test in a plurality of steps while changing the combination of the sub scan-chains to be set as PRS and the sub scan-chains to be set as MISR, the test can be performed without having to provide a test response compactor separately from the scan chain, and thus the area overhead can be reduced.
US07702973B2
A technique to detect defects when reading a defect scan pattern stored on a disk in which the detected defects are processed differently depending on which region of a sector the defect is resident. In one implementation, a mask is used to identify the defects of different regions. By differentiating different regions within the sector for defect scan, sync mark and preamble fields may be treated as critical regions so that different defect scan properties may be attributed when performing the defect scan.
US07702972B2
SRAM macro sparing allows for full chip function despite the loss of one or more SRAM macros. The controls and data flow for any single macro within a protected group are made available to the spare or spares for that group. This allows a defective or failed SRAM macro to be shut off and replaced by a spare macro, dramatically increasing manufacturing yield and decreasing field replacement rates. The larger the protected group, the fewer the number of spares required for similar improvements in yield, but also the more difficult the task of making all the controls and dataflow available to the spare(s). In the case of the Level 2 Cache chip for the planned IBM Z6 computer, there are 4 protected groups with 192 SRAM macros per group. Each protected group is supplanted with an additional 2 spare SRAM macros, along with sparing controls and dataflow that allow either spare to replace any of the 192 protected SRAM macros.
US07702971B2
A method of predicting failure of an information handling device, such as a server, by monitoring an error rate, i.e., n errors per error period. Errors are reported only if the error rate is exceeded. An error count is kept, and errors are leaked from the count if the time difference between errors is more than the error period.
US07702967B2
Disclosed is a method for monitoring an internal control signal of a memory device and an apparatus therefore. The method includes (a) generating a first signal having a first pulse width by a burst operation command, (b) receiving the first signal, and generating N−1 (where, N is a burst length) second signals having a second pulse width, (c) receiving the first signal and the second signals, and outputting a third signal by changing the first pulse width of the first signal and the second pulse width of the second signals in accordance with a variation of a frequency of a clock signal of the memory device, (d) outputting the third signal to an external pin of the memory device and monitoring the third signal, and (e) adjusting a pulse width of a signal that controls an operation of a data bus connecting a bit-line sense amplifier and a data sense amplifier using the third signal.
US07702966B2
A method for managing a system includes monitoring a plurality of applications running in the system for errors. A prediction is made as to whether errors detected would result in a failure. Fault recovery is initiated in response to a failure prediction. According to one aspect of the present invention, monitoring the plurality of applications includes reading error recorders associated with error occurrence. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
US07702965B1
In order to monitor and control the operational performance of a computer system or processor system (1), operational parameters of individual components as well as environmental parameters of the computer system or processor system (1) are detected. Said parameters are compared with predetermined limit values. If it is determined that one or more of the detected operational parameters and environmental parameters have exceeded or fallen below of the predetermined limit values, an operational event is determined based on the limit values that have been exceeded or fallen bellow of. A reaction is selected from a number of predetermined reaction patters according to the determined operational event, and a control command which corresponds to this reaction and which is provided for altering the operational performance is transmitted to the computer to be monitored. This enables an early detection of the occurrence of faults as well as the initiation of an appropriate measure.
US07702963B2
A method and system are described for distributing at least one clock signal between shelves in a multi-shelf modular computing system includes a clock signal generator for generating a first clock signal, an inter-shelf bus for carrying the first clock signal to a second shelf, and a first shelf manager module, associated with the second shelf, for receiving and regenerating the first clock signal and providing the regenerated first clock signal to at least one module within the second shelf. A system and method for detecting a location of a fault in an inter-shelf bus in a multi-shelf modular computing system is also disclosed. A power source applies a bias between at least two conductors of the inter-shelf bus. At least one module detects the applied bias to determine if a fault is located between the at least one shelf and the power source.
US07702958B2
A test harness development component streamlines the design of regression test harnesses for testing text-based software. An auto-recording tool to automatically record the input and output data in an actual run of the testing session and to automatically generate a test harness. The test harness development component provides an auto-executing tool to automatically run the test harness in subsequent regression tests. The test harness language is used to specify the tests, validation rules of the results, and any other rules for running the test of a test harness. The test harness language is human-readable and emulates the manual test procedures with very little overhead.
US07702955B2
A processing unit of a system detects a fault condition associated with the co-processing unit and, upon detection, restores the processing unit using stored user context information. During normal operation, user context information used to execute operation commands are stored by the co-processing unit in memory and maintained after fault detection. A fault condition is detected when at least a portion of the processing unit is rendered non-operational due to a discharging electrostatic event. Fault conditions may be detected by receiving information by the co-processing unit indicative of a fault condition, or by checking at least one memory location associated with processing unit to determine if information stored therein indicates a fault condition. The co-processing unit returns the processing unit to a known, workable state by using the stored user context information to restore the pre-fault detection state information to the memory locations associated with the processing unit.
US07702944B2
The present invention provides for reducing current spikes in a circuit when changing clocking frequencies. A first frequency is applied to a clock distribution network. A final frequency is selected. The first frequency is applied to a logic element over the clock distribution network. A hold signal is applied to the logic element. The clock rate of the clock distribution network is changed from the first frequency to the final frequency. The hold signal is unapplied to the logic element.
US07702943B2
A real time clock comprises a counter which stores a count value, the count value representing a time signal. The counter may be written, for example by a host processor (not shown), such that the time signal can be set to any desired value. The real time clock comprises a check register that stores a check value. The content of the check register (i.e. the check value) is modified each time a write operation is performed on the counter. For example, the content of the check register can be updated by a control signal each time a write operation is performed on the counter. The check value stored in the check register is used for determining whether a write operation performed on the counter is an authorized write operation or an unauthorized write operation. The check value may be incremented each time a write operation is performed, replaced with a new random number each time a write operation is performed, or a combination of both.
US07702940B2
The present invention relates to reduction of power consumption of electronic mass storage devices, and more particularly to such a reduction of power consumption in mobile infotainment products. These devices are equipped with a subsystem comprising a mass storage device (48) and a buffer memory (43, 44). The size of the buffer memory (43, 44) is adapted in such a way that optimally low power consumption is achieved. This accomplishment by activating or deactivating memory banks (45) comprised in the buffer memory chips. The amount of memory banks (45) activated is determined by operating characteristics of the subsystem, e.g. a desired bit-rate to be achieved for transmissions to/from the mass storage device (48).
US07702927B2
A field configurable device, such as an FPGA, supports secure field configuration without using non-volatile storage for cryptographic keys on the device and without requiring a continuous or ongoing power source to maintain a volatile storage on the device. The approach can be used to secure the configuration data such that it can in general be used on a single or a selected set of devices and/or encryption of the configuration data so that the encrypted configuration data can be exposed without compromising information encoded in the configuration data.
US07702926B2
An integrated circuit comprising: at least one active device; and at least one decoy device that emits light during a change in its state, wherein the operation of the at least one active device and the at least one decoy device is controlled so as to hinder optical detection of a pattern of the light emitted by the at least one active device.
US07702918B2
A distributed network of independently operable servers is provided. Each server is adapted to communicate over the network with at least one of the other servers and has a datastore with a plurality of datafields adapted to store information about at least one user. By enabling an authentication of a user based on a user supplied biometric identifier, the network is adapted to enable the transfer of information relating to the user between different servers.
US07702914B2
A method for providing access control to a single sign-on computer network is disclosed. A user is assigned to multiple groups within a computer network. In response to an access request by the user, the computer network determines a group pass count based on a user profile of the user. The group pass count is a number of groups in which the access request meets all their access requirements. The computer network grants the access request if the group pass count is greater than a predetermined high group pass threshold value.
US07702903B1
A present invention license reallocation system and method facilitates flexible and effective licensing distribution. The license reallocation system and method enables convenient movement of licensed information between hardware devices while ensuring appropriate compliance with license terms. An expired license indication is generated on license expiration. The expired license indication indicates that prior license keys associated with proprietary information are expired. Upon receipt of a valid expired license indication and expired license keys new license key(s) is issued presumably for a different hardware. A license serial number (LSN) that is both globally unique and mutable is utilized to generate license keys. In one embodiment, the license serial number includes system serial number (SSN) and an extension serial number (ESN). The global uniqueness of the SSN ensures that the tuple (SSN, ESN) is globally unique and the mutable but non-repeating nature of the ESN ensures that the tuple is allowed to change without repeating its value.
US07702900B1
A computer-implemented system for managing security using a SOAP message is provided. The system includes a SOAP message that has a security portion. The security portion of the SOAP message has at least one security component. The system includes a custom class and a handler. The custom class identifies the web services security version or draft of the security component within the SOAP message. The handler is operable based on the web services security version or draft related to the at least one security component promote processing of a security aspect of the SOAP message.
US07702883B2
A variable-width memory may comprise multiple memory banks from which data may be selectively read in such a way that overall memory access requirements may be reduced, which may result in associated reduction in power consumption.
US07702882B2
A lookup circuit for translating received addresses into destination addresses. The lookup circuit comprises M pipelined memory circuits for storing a trie table for translating a first received address into a first destination address. The M memory circuits are pipelined such that a first portion of the first received address accesses an address table in a first memory circuit. An output of the first memory circuit comprises a first address pointer that indexes a start of an address table in a second memory circuit. The first address pointer and a second portion of the first received address access a particular entry in the address table in the second memory circuit. An output of the second memory circuit comprises a second address pointer that indexes a start of an address table in the third memory circuit, and so forth.
US07702873B2
An apparatus and method for managing of common storage in a storage system is disclosed. In one embodiment, a storage system receives a request to set a space reservation for a volume associated with a logical aggregation of physical storage. In response, the storage system sets the space reservation to indicate that the logical aggregation of physical storage is to provide a specified amount of space to the volume. In one embodiment, space within the logical aggregation of physical storage is automatically reclaimed to set a delayed space reservation if the amount of unused space within the logical aggregation of physical storage is insufficient to set the space reservation. In one embodiment, the volume is either a space-reclaimable volume or a non-space-reclaimable volume. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
US07702870B2
A method of operating a storage system includes moving a block of data stored in the storage system to a new location in the storage system, such as for purposes of defragmentation. After the block has been moved to the new location, the storage system receives a request requiring access to the block. The storage system uses metadata appended to an identified block to detect that the block may have been relocated. The metadata can further be used to distinguish a block that has been relocated from a lost write.
US07702866B2
Provided are techniques for copying data. A volume container copyset that includes volume containers is received. A volume container copyset that includes volume containers is received. Each of the volume containers is associated with a copyset role, and each of the volume containers includes zero or more volumes, wherein each of the volumes in a volume container has the copyset role of that volume container. Sets of volumes are associated with a replication session, wherein each of the sets of volumes has one volume from each of the volume containers. Each of the sets of volumes has volumes associated with a copyset role that is associated with the volume containers with which each volume is associated. In response to determining that one of membership of one of the volume containers and a size of a volume in one of the volume containers has been modified, one or more corresponding volume containers in the volume container copyset are automatically modified.
US07702844B2
A method for minimizing the degradation of performance upon accessing a flash memory using a logical-physical mapping scheme, and a method for efficiently storing and managing information on logical-physical mapping in a flash memory. A method for writing data in a flash memory includes determining whether a sector is empty in a physical page having a most recently written logical page number of data to be written, the offset of the sector matching that of the data to be written; if the sector is empty, writing the data in the sector to the physical page; and if the sector is not empty, selecting an empty physical page to write the data to a sector in the selected empty physical page of which the offset matches that of the data to be written and writing a logical page number for the data to the selected empty physical page.
US07702838B2
A configuration space bus includes a configuration space on a primary interface and an extension or secondary interface in communication with a configuration space of the primary interface. When the primary interface receives a transaction request which it does not recognize, the transaction request is passed to the secondary interface for processing. The primary bus then waits for a response from the secondary bus. If the primary interface receives a transaction request which it does recognize, that transaction request is processed by the primary bus. The extension interface allows the primary bus to receive and process industry standard specification defined commands as well as forward commands defined by a user to the extension bus for processing. Multiple buses may be cascaded to form a primary extension interface, a secondary interface, a third interface, etc. A transaction request is passed down through such a chain of interfaces until an interface recognizes and processes it.
US07702821B2
A content-aware digital media storage device includes a host device interface for exchanging digital information with a host device, a memory array for storing digital information received from the host device via the host interface, a peripheral module configured to communicate the digital information stored in the memory array to a receiver located remote from the digital media storage device, and a controller communicatively coupled to the host device interface, the memory array and the peripheral module and configured to interpret directory information associated with the digital information stored in the memory array so as to selectively access said digital information and communicate such accessed digital information to the peripheral module for transmission to the remote receiver. Digital images stored in the memory array may be transmitted to a remote host via a wireless network access point with which the peripheral module of the storage device is associated.
US07702811B2
A method and apparatus for marking Web pages for later revisiting the Web pages are provided. With the method and apparatus, data structures are provided in the Web site server for tracking information regarding the Web pages associated with the Web sites, users that have visited the Web site, what pages were visited by the users, and portions of the web pages that were marked by the users. This information is maintained by the Web site server so that, upon subsequent visits to the Web site server, the marked portions of the Web pages visited by the user may be identified for special processing by the Web browser of the client device being used to access the Web site. Such special processing may include conspicuously identifying the marked portions in a display of the Web browser, providing the ability to jump to marked portions of the Web pages, displaying only the marked portions of the Web pages, and the like.
US07702805B1
Streaming media technology includes a back buffer configured to begin at a stream frame most recently played by the streaming media player. The back buffer continues, for each played frame of the stream, for a length determined by a nominal fill and an offset. In some embodiments, the offset is determined in runtime. In some embodiments the runtime-determined offset is determined by the position of a keyframe in the vicinity of the nominal fill. The keyframe in the vicinity of the nominal fill can be a keyframe next earlier, next later, or nearest in the stream to the location of the nominal fill.
US07702796B2
In an embodiment, in response to a request, a connection is selected from a pool of connections to a server. If the connection is stale and the number of stale connections encountered is greater than an adaptive threshold, then recovery is performed on all of the connections in the pool. If the number of stale connections is not greater than the adaptive threshold, then recovery is performed on the stale connection. A decision is made whether the connection is stale by sending the request to the server via the connection and detecting whether the sending encountered an error and by receiving a response from the server via the current connection and detecting whether the response indicates that the request encountered an error at the server.
US07702793B2
A PC activates a software program for detecting when a network terminal device is connected to a network, based on the control action of the user. When the network terminal device is connected to the network, the network terminal device sends a connection signal to the PC, and then operates as a DHCP server. Having received the connection signal, the PC recognizes an IP address of the network terminal device that is included in the connection signal, and operates as a DHCP client. The PC makes its own network setting using an IP address assigned from a DHCP server that has the same IP address as the IP address of the network terminal device.
US07702787B1
Authenticating a user is disclosed. An indication that an application user wants to access a docbase is received. It is determined whether a user mapping or a principal login technique should be used. Accessing the docbase with a credential based at least in part on the determination is attempted.
US07702785B2
Methods, systems and computer program products are provided for selectively allowing a user of a multi-user system access to a plurality of resources in a network. Pursuant to these methods, systems and computer program products, a request, originated by a user of the multi-user system, may be received to transmit a message over the network to one of the plurality of resources in the network. A security zone associated with this resource may then be identified. Pursuant to the operations of the present invention, if it is determined that the user is authorized access to the identified security zone, the message may be forwarded over the network to the resource.
US07702778B2
A method and system for providing system event notifications to clients such as applications. Clients register for notification of one or more types of events with a registration mechanism, and a System Event Notification Service, (SENS), receives system event information and fires event notifications in response thereto. A distribution mechanism selectively communicates the fired event to each client registered for notification thereof based on the type of event. Events include network events, for which the service monitors the connectivity state of the machine, including whether a connection is established or lost, the type of connection (LAN/WAN) and bandwidth information. To monitor a LAN state, the service caches outgoing and incoming network information including errors and packet counts and statistically evaluates this cached information against current information to determine whether the connection is established or lost. The service also determines if a destination (IP address or name) is reachable, by periodically polling destinations. Other system event notifications may be fired, including logon or logoff operations and power management events.
US07702775B2
A wireless local area network (WLAN) is monitored by receiving transmissions exchanged between one or more stations and an access point (AP) in the WLAN using a detector located in the WLAN. A database is compiled based on the received transmissions. The received transmissions are analyzed to determine the state of a station. The compiled database and the determined state of the station are used to diagnose connectivity problems of the station.
US07702768B2
A method for executing commands in a telecommunications system including one or more service modules is provided. The method comprises: providing an interface configured to receive commands for services from a client, the interface configured to process commands in a generic syntax; receiving a command specifying a service from the client at the interface, the command in a first language and following the generic syntax understandable by the interface; parsing the command to determine the service; determining if the service is supported by a service module in the one or more modules; and if the service is supported, sending a command for the service in a second language to the service module.
US07702764B1
A system that tests a network protocol. This test system allows a user to modify a protocol in the protocol stack of the network while the test is being performed. The system receives a command to modify the protocol. The system then determines the protocol to modify and performs the modification.
US07702761B1
A method of switching between object resources in different storage domains. The method comprises renaming a link to a first object in a first domain with a name of a second object in a second domain, and renaming a link to the second object in the second domain with a name of the first object in the first domain.
US07702759B2
A method and apparatus for instructing a processing system to present information. In one embodiment of the invention a server processing system on a network uses the DHCP protocol to provide network configuration information for a client processing system. The server processing system uses DHCP option code 56 to include presentation information with the configuration information sent to the client. Option code 56 allows for text messages to be presented by the client processing system and also allows URL-formatted text that may cause web pages or other internet resources to be presented by the client processing system. Because the presentation information is included with the network configuration information, information is presented when the client processing system uses the configuration information (e.g., upon network initialization).
US07702755B2
Methods and apparatus are described which provide secure interactive communication of text and image information between a central server computer and one or more client computers located at remote sites for the purpose of storing and retrieving files describing and identifying unique products, services, or individuals. Textual information and image data from one or more of the remote sites are stored separately at the location of the central server computer, with the image data being in compressed form, and with the textual information being included in a relational database with identifiers associated with any related image data. Means are provided at the central computer for management of all textural information and image data received to ensure that all information may be independently retrieved. Requests are entered from remote terminals specifying particular subject matter, and the system is capable of responding to multiple simultaneous requests. Textural information is recalled and downloaded for review, along with any subsequently requested image data, to be displayed at a remote site. Various modes of data and image formatting are also disclosed, including encryption techniques to fortify data integrity. The server computers may be interfaced with other computers to effect financial transactions, and images representing the subjects of transactions may be uploaded to the server computer to create temporary or permanent records of financial or legal transactions. A further feature of the system is the ability to associate an identification image with a plurality of accounts, transactions, or records.
US07702754B2
An enhanced widget architecture, in which a subscription request is transmitted from a widget to a broadcasting information source, thereby establishing a session, the subscription request identifying the widget and content. A subscription is registered at the broadcasting information source based upon the subscription request, and a service call is transmitted from the widget to the broadcasting information source, the service call effectuating a query for historical data associated with the content at the broadcasting information source. The historical data is received at the widget, updated data associated with the content is received at the broadcasting information source, and the updated data is iteratively transmitted form the broadcasting information source based upon the subscription being registered at the broadcasting information source.
US07702748B2
A method for remotely communicating with a computer system in a headless environment is provided. The system includes a service processor in communication with a computer through a UART communication channel and in communication with a remote console through a communication connection. The service processor manages communication commands between the computer and the remote console. The service processor transmits data communication received from the remote console to the computer through the UART channel, and the service processor transmits data communication received from the computer to the remote console through the UART channel. In addition, a multiplexer may be employed to direct communication between one of a plurality of computers and the service processor in combination with a multiplexer control to select one of the computers for communication with the service processor. The multiplexer directs the communication through the UART channel.
US07702742B2
A network interface is disclosed for enabling remote programmed I/O to be carried out in a “lossy” network (one in which packets may be dropped). The network interface: (1) receives a plurality of memory transaction messages (MTM's); (2) determines that they are destined for a particular remote node; (3) determines a transaction type for each MTM; (4) composes, for each MTM, a network packet to encapsulate at least a portion of that MTM; (5) assigns a priority to each network packet based upon the transaction type of the MTM that it is encapsulating; (6) sends the network packets into a lossy network destined for the remote node; and (7) ensures that at least a subset of the network packets are received by the remote node in a proper sequence. By doing this, the network interface makes it possible to carry out remote programmed I/O, even across a lossy network.
US07702731B2
Computer system, method and program product for facilitating a chat session. An icon or a definition of the icon and a corresponding intelligent agent program are received at a workstation. In response, the workstation displays the icon in a chat session window. A selection of the icon is received during the chat session. In response, the workstation invokes the intelligent agent program. In response, the intelligent agent program obtains information about the workstation or information about a participant in the chat session at the workstation and automatically renders the information in the chat session at the workstation. In response to a request to send the rendered information to other participants in the chat session at other workstations, the rendered information is automatically sent to the other participants in the chat session at the other workstations.
US07702722B2
A user terminal device stores user information in a memory, and stores constant data in another memory. The user terminal device selects one or more other equipment to be combined suitably for use with the service equipment, based on the model information and operational conditions of the service equipment as well as the stored constant data. Then, the user terminal device transmits the user information and the selection information to the host computer, and requests display permission from the host computer for displaying the selection information onto the display section. The selection information is displayed on the display section only when the display permission is obtained from the host computer. Thus, workload on the host computer end may be reduced. In addition, the host computer does not fail to obtain the user information.
US07702717B2
A communications node connected to a packet-switched data input/output network, such as an InfiniBand® network, has a plurality of processing cores on which a subnet management agent may be run. The subnet management agent processes management instructions relating to node configuration. In the invention, the processing core running the subnet management agent may be dynamically changed by one or more of the processing cores in the node. The processing cores may include a host processor, a service processor and an embedded processor, dedicated to a host channel adapter, which provides a communications interface between the network and the node. Various methods may be used to move the subnet management agent, including the use of a register to which one or more of the processing cores may write, and in which is stored an indication of which processing core is currently running the subnet management agent.
US07702711B2
A method for reducing a computational complexity of an m-stage adaptive filter is provided by expanding a weighted sum of forward prediction error squares into a corresponding binomial expansion series, expanding a weighted sum of backward prediction error squares into a corresponding binomial expansion series, and determining coefficient updates of the adaptive filter with the weighted sums of forward and backward prediction error squares approximated by a select number of terms of their corresponding binomial expansion series.
US07702707B2
A waveform generator for generating a smooth version of an original waveform which contains abrupt transitions, includes a phase accumulator incremented at successive sampling times to produce an output representative of the phase of the original waveform, a phase scaler arranged to convert the residual contents of the accumulator following a transition from phase to time, computing means responsive to the time to calculate a number of samples along a smooth transition, each offset by that time from the sampling times, and a sequencer to replace the otherwise abrupt transition with the sequence of samples from the computed smooth transition.
US07702703B2
To provide a determination apparatus and a determination method which are capable of determining whether a signal outputted from a testing object is good or not, a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) calculation circuit unit performs calculation on an image signal and a determination circuit unit compares a calculation result obtained by the CRC calculation circuit unit with an expected value stored in an expected value storing unit to determine whether a quality of the image signal is good or not.
US07702702B2
A signal processing device includes a converting unit, a filtering unit, a differential computing unit, and a phase difference computing unit. The converting unit samples two alternating signals with a predetermined period and converts the sampled level values into digital alternating signal data. The filtering unit filters the two digital alternating signal data generated by the converting unit so as to abstract digital alternating signal data having a predetermined frequency, and the filtering unit comprises an adaptive digital filter. The differential computing unit computes differentials of the digital alternating signal data generated by the filtering unit. The phase difference computing unit computes phase difference using the two digital alternating signal data generated by the filtering unit, and the two digital alternating signal data generated by the differential computing unit.
US07702700B2
An automatic matching method and system which can initially automatically match a category and an original query, and then perform a search within a designated category when matching a subsequent query, and thereby enable a more accurate query matching is provided. According to the present invention, there is provided an automatic matching method and system which can automatically match a category and an original query prior to matching a query and thereby can more exactly match the query within a designated category.
US07702698B1
Database replication across different database platforms is carried out by transforming a binary log of database updates made to a first database into an SQL loader format of a second database and then processing the transformed log of updates into the second database. The transformation of the binary log includes the step of parsing the binary log into SQL statements, storing the SQL statements as a flat file, and transforming the flat file into an input file having the SQL loader format of the second database. The metadata of the flat files is stored in a separate database. As the flat files are transformed into input files of the second database, the status of the flat files is updated in the metadata database.
US07702696B2
Methods and a system for managing database usage. The methods and system include receiving a request to create a table, determining the table is an empty table, and storing a pseudo-table in a data store in response to determining the table is empty. The pseudo-table may be a database view. Metadata related to a table may be stored in the pseudo-table to describe characteristics of the table. The pseudo-table occupies less space than a corresponding empty table. The system may implement the methods in middleware transparent to the applications.
US07702695B2
An object relational map verification system is described. In some embodiments, the object relational map verification system can verify object relational maps and identify counterexamples when an object relational map cannot be verified. The object relational map verification system can verify an object relational map by (1) receiving objects, database schemas, query views, and update views; (2) generating first order logic formulae corresponding to the received objects, database schemas, query views, and update views; and (3) proving theorems indicated by the generated first order logic formulae. When the theorems are proved, the object relational map is verified. In some embodiments, the object relational map verification system can also generate models illustrating counterexamples when the theorem cannot be proved. The counterexamples provide data that the object relational map does not consistently store and then retrieve.
US07702674B2
A computer system and method for capture, managing and presenting data obtained from various often unrelated postings via the Internet for examination by a user. This system includes a scraping module having one or more scraping engines operable to scrape information data sets from listings on the corporate sites and web sites, direct feeds, and other sources, wherein the scraping module receives and stores the scraped listing information data sets in a database. The system also has a management platform coordinating all operation of and communication between the sources, system administrators and processing modules. The processing modules in the platform include scraping management module analyzing selected scraped data stored in the database, and a categorization module that examines and categorizes each data set stored in the database into one or more of a predetermined set of categories and returns categorized data sets to the database.
US07702656B2
An exemplary embodiment of the invention relates to a method, system, and storage medium for providing a dynamic multi-dimensional commodity modeling process. The system includes a data collection component operable for collecting raw data, a dynamic multi-dimensional commodity model component, and a commodity tree generated by the dynamic multi-dimensional commodity model component. The system also includes a closed loop/corrective action component operable for resolving nonconformance issues resulting from analysis of the raw data and commodity tree, and an analytic engine in communication with the data collection component, the multi-dimensional commodity model component, and the closed loop/corrective action component. The analytic engine receives the raw data from the data collection component, receives the commodity tree, performs analytics on the raw data according to rules defined by the commodity tree, and transmits any nonconformance data resulting from performing the analytics to the closed loop/correction action component for resolution of any identified nonconformances.
US07702655B1
A system provides a user map service that receives component data associated with a resource in a storage area network and matches the component data to entries in a user-created component matching database to determine a specific identity of the resource in the storage area network to which the component data is associated. The system provides the specific identity of the resource in the storage area network to which the component data is associated. The system maintains the user-created component matching database by allowing a user to create matches between individual resources for which component data is received to specific identities of those resources as determined by the user. The database can be queried and updated to make matching more efficient.
US07702650B2
A system for extending a business object used in a user interface. The system includes a service layer comprising the business object. The system also includes a models framework comprising a meta model including business data of the business object, wherein the meta model is extended for use in the user interface. The system further includes a processing engine for generating the user interface, wherein the processing engine provides a platform for extending the meta model for use in the user interface.
US07702649B1
A system and method are described for performing a mapping between persistent data objects and a database. For example, a method according to one embodiment of the invention comprises determining whether an attribute having a generic type is an instance of a persistent class; and if the attribute is an instance of a persistent class, then mapping the attribute to a discriminator column holding the type associated with the attribute and further mapping the attribute to a reference column holding a key associated with the attribute.
US07702642B1
A method, system and computer readable code for instrumenting code into database access modules are disclosed. According to some embodiments, specific functions within the database access module are identified as query-execution functions, and instructions for logging at least one of database access strings and database connection string during runtime are instrumented into the identified query-execution functions. Exemplary database access strings include database query strings, such as an SQL query string, and stored procedure names. Optionally, additional instructions for extracting various parameters, such as database identifiers, performance parameters, and security policy parameters, from the database connection strings are instrumented. According to some embodiments, the identifying of query-execution functions includes determining if an identity of a candidate function of a database access module matches one of the identifiers of a known execution function. According to some embodiments, a repository of known query execution functions and/or a repository of encoding schema for database connection strings is maintained, for example, using one or more configuration files.
US07702639B2
In one aspect, the invention provides an architecture and query and processing methodology, advantageously implemented in software, for an information technology platform using Intelligent Molecular Objects or objects of a more general character. In another aspect, it provides intelligent molecular object data or other data for heterogeneous data environments with high data density and dynamic application needs. In yet another, it provides an Object State Engine for intelligent molecular object data technology. In still another, it provides an Object Translation Engine for intelligent molecular object data in heterogeneous data environments with dynamic application needs. In yet another aspect, it provides a handling device including an Intelligent Object Handler for intelligent molecular object data in heterogeneous data environments with high data density and dynamic application needs. In even still another aspect, the invention provides a data pool architecture and an Intelligent Object Pool for intelligent molecular object data in heterogeneous data environments with high data density and dynamic application needs. An architecture for an information technology platform using Intelligent Molecular Object software is provided, which addresses all steps of data processing from data acquisition through diverse sources and instrumentation to final output of diverse data analysis results.
US07702633B2
A computer system and media for generating previews for protected electronic documents are provided. The computer system provides servers that receive rules corresponding to the protected electronic documents from owners of the protected electronic documents. The rules specify quantity and quality of each interaction, by client devices, with each protected electronic document. Additionally, the servers receive queries having query terms from the client devices. In response, the servers generate previews for the protected electronic documents that match the query. The previews are generated and transmitted to the client devices based on the rules stored by the servers.
US07702628B1
One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that performs operations on a hash table that is fully dynamic and lock-free. This hash table is implemented with a linked list containing data nodes and a bucket array containing bucket pointers, wherein the bucket pointers point to portions of the linked list that function as hash buckets, and wherein the linked list contains only data nodes and no dummy nodes.
US07702622B2
Computer-implemented methods and computer-readable storage media are disclosed to facilitate the application of business rules. A rule is received, the rule defining one or more calculations to be performed on specified data stored in a multidimensional database to yield at least one result. At least one database query is generated seeking the specified data to be retrieved from the multidimensional database. An intermediary table is created to accommodate the specified data retrieved from the multidimensional database. The specified data is stored in the intermediary table and the specified data is manipulated when the data is retrieved or after the specified data is stored in the intermediary table.
US07702620B2
Arrangements and methods for providing for the efficient implementation of ranked keyword searches on graph-structured data. Since it is difficult to directly build indexes for general schemaless graphs, conventional techniques highly rely on graph traversal in running time. The previous lack of more knowledge about graphs also resulted in great difficulties in applying pruning techniques. To address these problems, there is introduced herein a new scoring function while the block is used as an intermediate access level; the result is an opportunity to create sophisticated indexes for keyword search. Also proposed herein is a cost-balanced expansion algorithm to conduct a backward search, which provides a good theoretical guarantee in terms of the search cost.
US07702616B1
Methods and apparatus for joining two or more tables are disclosed. A query including a join query is received, where the join query requests that a new table be generated from data obtained from two or more tables, where the two or more tables are stored at two or more data sources. One or more columns for each of the tables for which data is to be obtained are identified from the query. A query plan to execute the query to obtain data for the identified columns from the two or more tables is then generated.
US07702615B1
Methods and apparatuses for predicting set of multi-dimensional dependent data and non-measurable data from a set of multi-dimensional historical dependent and causal data are described. In one embodiment, the method comprises receiving input data that comprises multi-dimensional historical dependent data and causal data and anticipated activity data, determining a set of multi-dimensional predicted dependent data using a predictive model and the input data, creating non-measurable data based on the set of multi-dimensional predicted dependent data and the input data.
US07702612B2
The relationship between an object and a database item, such as a title item, family name item, address item, city name item, and birth day item are displayed with a link line which connects the object with a database item such that the relationship can be readily observed. The display color of each displayed link line is normally the same color as the background color of a connected database item or the object. Because a link relationship between an object and a database item is displayed with a display color and a link line, the linking of the image to be printed print image with the database can be readily observed.
US07702601B2
An expert system is used to recommend a customized solution for a customer. The expert system includes a set of scenarios each of which includes default facts and is associated with a detailed rule base that when applied in isolation to the default facts fully determines a prototype solution. A particular scenario is selected from the set based at least on user input. A customized solution is generated by applying the detailed rule base associated with the particular scenario to facts based at least on the user input and any default facts of the particular scenario that complement and do not conflict with the facts that are based at least on the user input. The customized solution is iteratively refined.
US07702598B2
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to methods and systems for training a neural network having weighted connections for classification of data, as well as embodiments corresponding to the use of such a neural network for the classification of data, including, for example, prediction of an event (e.g., disease). The method may include inputting input training data into the neural network, processing, by the neural network, the input training data to produce an output, determining an error between the output and a desired output corresponding to the input training data, rating the performance neural network using an objective function, wherein the objective function comprises a function C substantially in accordance with an approximation of the concordance index and adapting the weighted connections of the neural network based upon results of the objective function.
US07702594B2
A number of meters to be configured according to a particular billing rate. Multiple billing rates may be defined, named, and stored for use. Each such billing rate may include time of use (TOU) configuration parameters and/or demand configuration parameters. Alternatively, a billing rate may include strictly consumption based parameters. Each billing rate is “meter independent”, meaning that it is not specific to any particular meter configuration format. The billing rate is defined in a format that is convenient for the operator and then translated into a format that is specific to each meter on which it is implemented. Thus, to configure a number of different parameters on a number of differently formatted meters, only a single billing rate need be defined and propagated to the meters.
US07702592B2
The present embodiments provide methods for writing content to a media that comprise retrieving a first portion of a key structure from the media or a remote server, generating or receiving a second portion of the key structure based on the first portion of the key structure, encrypting content based at least on the second portion of the key structure, producing encrypted content, and writing the encrypted content onto the media. The present embodiments further provide recording media that include a digitally writable surface that is optically readable, a control area optionally comprising a pre-recorded set of keys defining a first portion of a key structure, and a data portion that records non-pre-recorded content protected according to a second portion of the key structure generated according to at least a portion of the first portion of the key structure.
US07702591B2
A computer network having a requesting node and a providing node permits data transfer therebetween when permitted by an authorizing node. Reports generated in response to authorizations and reports generated in response to data transfers are reconciled at a reconciliation node to improve the accuracy of payments collected and paid for use of the data. Such payments include copyright royalties for audio, video, and other works recorded in digital format.
US07702583B1
A technique for making a payment to a payee on behalf of a payor by a payment service provider is provider. The service provider identifies those of multiple electronic debiting options available for completing a payment request. One of the identified options is selected and a payment account of the payee is electronically debited according to the selected option.
US07702564B2
An embodiment in accordance with the present invention provides a method for determining a demand function for an item. For example, the method includes determining a first estimate of the demand function for the item by utilizing a first auction having a first set of auction parameters. Additionally, the method includes determining a second estimate of the demand function for the item by utilizing a second auction using auction data from the first auction. The second auction has a second set of auction parameters based on the first estimate of the demand function.
US07702562B1
A method of providing visualization of market offers includes receiving offer data for multiple offers, the offer data reflecting values specified in the offers for multiple offer variables. The method further includes generating a display of the offer data. The display includes multiple patterns, each pattern representing a particular offer and including multiple bars. Each bar within the pattern represents a particular offer variable and includes a set of one or more geometric display elements that by virtue of their appearance collectively encode, according to a predefined encoding scheme, a value for the offer variable corresponding to the bar.
US07702559B2
Methods and apparatus for funding transactions are presented herein. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes an account information unit to store information about an account, the account being associated with a first financial institution. The apparatus can also include a transaction processor to receive a request for a debit amount, to determine that the account has a balance less than the debit amount, to determine that the account is associated with a backup funding source, and to provide the debit amount. The apparatus can also include a backup funding unit to request a backup funding amount equal to at least a difference between the balance and the debit amount, wherein the backup funding source resides with a second financial institution.
US07702558B1
An investment method includes establishing an arrangement between an investor and a derivative counterparty in association with at least one portfolio having a plurality of investments. The method further includes setting at least one value for the portfolio including at least a minimum protection value; setting one or more interim settlement periods based on a maturity date of the arrangement including the portfolio; setting a cap level for the portfolio based on at least the minimum protection value of the portfolio; and, resetting at least one of the values or characteristics of the portfolio in association with performance of the portfolio during at least one of the interim settlement periods.
US07702556B2
The method for selecting and evaluating investment portfolio asset allocation strategies includes the step of constructing a record of investment performance statistics for a population of all possible asset allocation alternatives. A series of the average of the periodic returns for the population of securities within each of a number of market sectors is generated. Each allocation alternative is determined from the unique combination of multiples of the minimum allocation percentage increments for each of the market sectors. A list of the population of all possible allocation alternatives is then compiled from the population of all combinations of multiples of minimum allocation percentage increment for each market sector. The series of weighted-average periodic investment returns for each of the allocation alternatives is then calculated. The record of performance statistics is completed by calculating population-comparison statistics for a plurality analysis-periods.
US07702552B2
A method and apparatus are provided for notifying a guarantor associated with a guaranteed loan of events likely to affect their interest in the guaranteed loan. The disclosed method and apparatus provides loan data with information on at least one guaranteed loan wherein the loan data includes information on the terms of the loan. The method and apparatus then monitors changes in the loan data and determines when changes in the loan data corresponding to the at least one guaranteed loan indicates a likelihood that the terms of the loan may not be met. Based on the determination the method and apparatus provides a notification to the guarantor based on the determination that the loan terms may not be met.
US07702545B1
A method and system facilitates the exchange of goods and services at a local level. For each party, information is received including an indication of one or more items desired to be exchanged and an indication of one or more exchange locations acceptable to the party. Potential matches are identified by identifying exchange locations that are mutually agreeable to respective ones of the parties involved in a given exchange.
US07702540B1
Methods and apparatus for a system for facilitating electronic commerce transactions with a first data storage location for holding information about an item for auction from a first participant in a data packet network, a verification process that verifies the user identification of the first participant in said data packet network, the verification process confirming a user identification before allowing the participant in said data packet network access to place information about an item for auction in the system, a display process for displaying information of the item for auction to a plurality of data packet network users, the display process displaying an advertisement with the item for auction to the plurality of data packet users, an auction process for receiving bids on the item for auction from at least one of said plurality of data packet network users, the auction process also verifying a user identification from said at least one of a plurality of data packet network users before allowing receipt of the bid and a notification process for notifying the plurality of data packet network participants that said bid was accepted by said system.
US07702528B2
A computer-implemented method and system for determining breach of duty in premises liability for an accident is provided. In one embodiment, breach of duty may be determined from characteristics of the accident. Characteristics may be provided to the computer system and evaluated to determine the breach of duty. In an embodiment, characteristics may include an insured type. Breach of duty may be determined for a claimant that includes an invitee, licensee, or trespasser.
US07702519B2
An economic parameter estimator is provided for a process that has multiple process parameters (MPPs) and is performed to control emission of a pollutant into the air. The performance of the process is associated with one or more economic factors (EFs). The estimator includes either a neural network process model or a non-neural network process model. In either case, the model represents a relationship between one or more of the MPPs and an economic parameter. Also included is a processor configured with logic, e.g. programmed software, to estimate a monetary value of the economic parameter based on a value of each of the one or more MPPs, a value of each of at least one of the one or more EFs, and the one model.
US07702518B2
A method of grouping retail units of a set of units in a chain uses, store and market-specific characteristics, including store profitability, to group stores into like economic markets. The relation between profits and prices defines markets; stores facing the same relation, that is the same profit function, are in the same economic market. These stores can follow similar pricing and promotion strategies. Multiple regression analysis is used to identify those characteristics that affect the relation between prices and profits (not simply variables correlated with profits). Upon suitable standardization and weighting, these variables are subsequently used with a statistical cluster analysis to classify units in two markets. Based on the estimated relationship and homegenity valuations from discriminant analysis, new stores can be more accurately added to the appropriate group.
US07702515B2
A job seeking information input section inputs information for job seeking conditions of a job seeker, and a job seeking information extractor extracts at least one piece of information for job seeking conditions of persons other than the job seeker from a database. A job-recruiter response information extractor extracts all or a part of pieces of job-recruiter response information that relates to respective responses of the job recruiters to the persons whose information corresponds to the extracted information, from a database. An output section outputs the extracted job-recruiter response information.
US07702507B2
Systems and methods that automatically register a mobile computing unit on a wireless network area, via employing a voice recognition system associated with the mobile computing unit. A handshake can occur between a mobile computing unit and a server of the network upon utterance of predetermined voice (e.g., a sequence of letters) by the user into the voice recognition component. As such, a mass deployment of mobile computing units on the network can be facilitated in a secure manner with just enough information to access the network.
US07702504B2
A coding apparatus including a base layer, a speech quality enhancement layer, and a multiplexer. The base layer filters an input speech signal using linear prediction coding and generates an excitation signal corresponding to the filtered speech signal through a fixed codebook search and an adaptive codebook search. The speech quality enhancement layer searches a fixed codebook using parameters obtained through the fixed codebook search in the base layer, or searches the fixed codebook using a target signal, which is obtained by removing a contribution of a fixed codebook of the base layer and a signal which is obtained by synthesizing and filtering a previous fixed codebook of the speech quality enhancement layer from a target signal for the fixed codebook search of the base layer. The multiplexer multiplexes signals generated by the base layer and the at least one speech quality enhancement layer.
US07702499B1
Systems and methods are provided for annotating software with performance information. The computer code is compiled into assembler code, the assembler code is translated into a simulation model, expressed in assembler-level source code. The simulation model is annotated with information for calculating various performance parameters of the software, such as timing information, or resource usage information. The simulation model is then re-compiled and executed on a simulator, optionally including a hardware simulation model, and the performance information is computed from the simulation.
US07702496B1
A method, device and computer product suitable for performing an analysis on a Grid Computer Network (GCN) is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of representing selected ones of a plurality of components and a relationship among the components in the GCN, providing a mapping between a plurality of events and a plurality of observable events occurring among the components, wherein the mapping is represented as a value associating each event with each observable event, and determining at least one likely causing event based on at least one of the plurality of observable events by determining a measure between each of a plurality of values associated with the plurality of observable events and the plurality of causing events. The step of representing the GCN, comprises the steps of creating at least one non-specific representation of the selected components, wherein the non-specific representations are selected from the group consisting of ComputeElement, GridService and GridServiceInstance, and creating at least one non-specification representation of relations along which the events propagate amongst the selected components, wherein the representations of relations are selected from the group consisting of ComposedOf, Part of, HostedBy, and HostsServices. Also disclosed is an apparatus comprising a processor and a computer program product providing computer instruction to a computing system for executing the method steps described herein.
US07702494B1
A system, method and software product for prescribing rigid body in finite element analysis is described. According to one aspect, user defines a rigid body orientation time history based on a variety of schemes including, but not limited to, direction cosine, orientation angles, Euler parameters, Rodriguez parameters, and Caley-Klein parameters. The unique combination in one of the schemes is converted to direction cosine time histories first. The direction cosine matrix can then be interpolated from either the defined or the converted direction cosine time history at each solution cycle. The time derivative of the direction cosine matrix and the resulting angular velocity matrix are calculated. The solution for the equation of motions is obtained using calculated angular velocity for each solution cycle until the simulation ends. According to another aspect, the present invention interpolates user specified rigid body orientations time history in several schemes including, piecewise linear, cubic spline.
US07702491B2
A method is provided for application of part flow model for a programmable logic controller logical verification system. The method includes the steps of constructing a part flow model, determining whether the part flow model is acceptable, and using the part flow model to test PLC code to build a manufacturing line.
US07702472B2
A rolling bearing device with a sensor includes a rotational component estimator that extracts a rotational synchronization component included in the rotation of an inner shaft relative to an outer ring from each of a signal output by a first displacement detector and a signal output by a second displacement detector. The rotational component estimator performs rotational operation and integration operation.
US07702468B2
The present invention relates to genetic analysis and evaluation utilizing copy-number variants or polymorphisms. The methods utilize array comparative genomic hybridization and PCR assays to identify the significance of copy number variations in a subject or subject group.
US07702462B2
An apparatus and method of tracking individual plants growing and/or taken from a growing location, such as a field, growing bed, plot or greenhouse. Machine-readable data related to selected individual plants is maintained in close association with corresponding plants while growing or if the plant is taken from the growing location. Information about each plant, e.g. traits, characteristics, genetic make-up, can be added to a database that correlates the information to the machine-readable data. Thus, individual plants can be tracked and information about the plant is available by maintaining the machine-readable data with the plant. The machine-readable data can be read by a machine operatively communicated with a computer on which is stored the database. Identity and information about the plant is therefore available, without keeping specific track of a plant.
US07702450B2
A vehicle is disclosed having an automatic idle adjustment system. The vehicle may also include an automatic shutdown system. A method for utilizing the automatic idle adjustment system and the shutdown system is also disclosed.
US07702449B2
A first fuel value (FL_Signal) indicative of the quantity of fuel presently in a fuel tank (34) and a second fuel value (FL_LOW_THLD) representing a quantity of fuel in the tank at which a maximum Injection Control Pressure (ICP) limit should be changed are processed by a processor (22). When the result of the processing discloses that the second fuel value is less than the first fuel value, the maximum ICP limit is reduced from a greater value (ICPC_NORMAL_LMX) to a lesser value (ICPC_FL_LMX).
US07702446B2
A road surface μ is updated with time on the basis of a present value (an estimation value E) of the road surface μ estimated to estimate the road surface μ. In this case, if there is acquired road-surface information in a vehicle travel direction that is detected by a road-side infrastructure, a specifying unit 11 specifies a road-surface friction coefficient based on the road-surface information. An estimating unit 12 sets the road surface μ (μinf) thus specified as an initial value, resets the present value of the road surface μ to the initial value, and then starts estimation of the road-surface friction coefficient based on this initial value. Accordingly, estimation precision of a road-surface friction coefficient is enhanced by using an initial value having high reliability in autonomous estimation of the road-surface friction coefficient.
US07702444B2
A process for operating a power train of a vehicle, during an activated internal combustion engine (2) start/stop function. The power train includes the engine (2), which is started with torque from a starter (3), an output (5), and a non-positive shifting element (6A), having a continuously variable transmission, and a starting device (6) arranged between the engine (2) and the output (5). A portion of the torque from the engine (2) and/or the starter (3), depending on a set shifting element (6A) transmission capacity, is directed by starting device (6) toward the output (5). When there is a demand for starting the engine (2), the shifting element (6A) transmission capacity is adjusted to an amount at which at least a portion of the torque, generated by the starter (3), exceeding the needed torque to start the engine (2) during the startup procedure, is directed to the output (5).
US07702440B2
A rollover sensing system (12) that may be used in the determination of when to deploy restraints in a vehicle is disclosed herein. The rollover sensing system (12) may include lateral acceleration sensors (22), a roll rate sensor (18), and a roll angle detector (20). A control circuit (16) determines a roll moment of inertia as a function of lateral acceleration, a trip point length as a function of the lateral acceleration, and a trip point angle as a function of the lateral acceleration. The control circuit (16) also determines a rollover threshold in response to a roll rate signal, a roll angle signal, the trip point length, the roll moment of inertia, and the trip point angle. The control circuit (16) further generates a control signal for a deployment circuit in response to the rollover threshold.
US07702435B2
A method and an apparatus provide intelligent monitoring and maintenance of a system. The method according to one embodiment accesses data relating to functional components of the system; extracts parameter information for functional components of the system, the step of extracting parameter information including performing inferential processing and trend recognition of the data using previous knowledge about the system, and simulating performance of the system using models of the system and previous knowledge about the system; identifies new information about the system present in extracted parameter information; and provides the new information to the step of extracting parameter information, to be used as previous knowledge.
US07702424B2
A load control management protocol, system, and method that address many different customers, individually, in geographic groups, or in other predefined groups to control at least one or more electrical power consuming appliances are disclosed. The computer-implemented protocol provides wired and wireless communication schemes that enable a utility to quickly and efficiently communicate commands and messages to end user devices. Specific electrically powered appliances and certain uses of electricity can therefore be managed by communicating with the controllers of those appliances, providing management of a utility load during peak price and consumption periods to prevent delivery interruptions.
US07702418B2
A secure reader system (SRS) for containers housing material to be employed in an application. A container is provided having an information storing mechanism. A connector of the SRS having a reader is provided to physically couple to the container for periodically reading information there from. The connector is configured to physically couple to the container and may draw material from the container simultaneous with the reading.
US07702413B2
The present invention provides a solution for interleaving data frames, in a semiconductor device manufacturing system in which the processing apparatus for conducting a process on any one of a semiconductor substrate and a thin film on a surface thereof; a self-diagnostic system for diagnosing a state of the processing apparatus; and a parameter fitting apparatus for maintaining a parameter of the self-diagnostic system when an inspection result of the semiconductor substrate having undergone the process has been determined to be correct, and for changing the parameter of the self-diagnostic system when the inspection result has been determined to be incorrect.
US07702405B2
A communication system, network, interface, and port architecture are provided for transporting different types of data across a network. The network can be arranged by connecting the ports in a daisy chain fashion to achieve a ring architecture or topology. The network forwards data according to a specific network protocol, and any incoming data that follows that protocol will be sent onto the network. If the incoming data protocol does not match the network protocol, then the incoming data is not sent immediately to the network, but instead is sent to an input pin of a device upon the network specifically designed to receive that incoming data. The network, therefore, has ports that support both compliant and non-compliant incoming data, and the devices that produce such data. Examples of non-compliant data include any data which does not time-division multiplex different asynchronous, isochronous, and synchronous data in dedicated channels within each frame, and which have a preamble, coding, frequency, or overall protocol different from that which is established for network transfer.
US07702394B2
A responsive gastrointestinal stimulation device is provided where one or more sensors sense data corresponding to a subject or the gastrointestinal tract of a subject and responds to sensing the data by stimulating, adjusting stimulation, or stopping stimulation of the gastrointestinal tract. A stimulation device is also provided to stimulate the gastrointestinal tract to produce a sensation of satiety or to control hunger or food consumption.
US07702393B2
Methods and systems for detecting capture using pacing artifact cancellation are described. One or more pacing artifact templates are provided and a cardiac signal is sensed in a cardiac verification window. Each of the pacing artifact templates may characterize the pacing artifact associated with a particular pacing energy level, for example. A particular pacing artifact template is canceled from the cardiac signal. Capture is determined using the pacing artifact canceled cardiac signal. Detection of fusion/pseudofusion beats may be accomplished by comparing a cardiac signal to a captured response template.
US07702392B2
Methods and apparatus for determining an endocardial implantation site for implanting an electrode, such as a leadless stimulation electrode. An embodiment of one method in accordance with the invention includes delivering sufficient electrical energy for initiation of cardiac activation to a plurality of different test locations at the heart of a patient, and determining hemodynamic responses in reaction to that the stimulus delivered to the different test locations. This method further includes identifying an implantation site for implanting the electrode by selecting at least one of the test locations corresponding to a favorable hemodynamic response.
US07702384B2
A system including an implantable medical device (IMD). The IMD includes a ventricular contraction sensing circuit that provides a sensed ventricular contraction signal, a timer circuit that provides a ventricular time interval between ventricular contractions, and a controller circuit coupled to the timer circuit, the controller circuit determines the ventricular contraction rate using the ventricular time interval. The controller circuit further includes a tachyarrhythmia detection module that declares tachyarrhythmia, in response to detecting a sudden rate increase, without comparing a ventricular rate or time interval to a respective tachyarrhythmia detection rate or time interval threshold.
US07702382B2
In a multi-tier patient monitoring data analysis system, an algorithm server is positioned as a middle tier between an acquisition device, such as a cardiograph or patient monitor that can be seen as a lower tier, and a storage device for a database, such as that of a central computer for a hospital or clinic that can be seen as an upper tier. The algorithm server gathers current data from the real time acquisition device and obtains previously stored ECG signal data from the database. The algorithm server contains ECG analysis algorithm(s) and runs one or more algorithms using the current and previously acquired ECG signal data. Analysis algorithms may also be run on the acquisition device. The system provides the rapid, extensive, and thorough ECG analysis that is critical to patient welfare.
US07702381B2
The present invention is directed to a method of applying radiation through an optical fiber for detecting disease within a plant or animal or other penetrable tissue, or imaging a particular tissue of a plant or animal. In addition, fluorescence and nonlinear scattering signals can be detected and localized within a subject by such application of radiation through an optical fiber. The radiation is effective to promote simultaneous multiphoton excitation. The optical fibers are used alone to examine internal regions of tissue, in conjunction with an optical biopsy needle to evaluate sub-surface tissue, or with an endoscope to evaluate tissue within body cavities. The present invention also relates to a device for coupling in radiation from an ultrashort mode-locked laser into the beam path of a microscope.
US07702380B1
A shape of a medical device to be implanted into a subject is verified by acquiring a plurality of inter-fiduciary marker dimensions from the subject. Three-dimensional image data of the markers and a tissue of interest, included in the subject, is obtained. Respective measurements between the fiduciary markers around the subject and in the image data are confirmed. The tissue of interest and the fiduciary markers are identified in the image data. Points of the tissue of interest and the fiduciary markers are rendered as a 3-dimensional surface representation. A 3-dimensional model of the tissue of interest and the fiduciary markers is generated as a function of the surface representation. A shape of the medical device to be implanted into the subject is determined as a function of the 3-dimensional model.
US07702370B2
A system and method in which the position update rate is adaptively modified, based on previous position measurements. By adjusting the update rate based on velocity predictions from two or more position fixes, a lower update rate may be used without exceeding the maximum error. Lowering the update rate reduces power consumption in the UE, providing longer battery operation. The updating method may comprise periodically repeating the velocity prediction and periodically adjusting the update rate responsive thereto. The update rate may be adjusted using additional information such as an acceleration prediction, a minimum update rate, or a preferred error. In some embodiments a model for user movement may be used to provide more accurate predictions, for example, stationary, walking, jogging, city driving, and freeway driving. The updating method may comprise receiving user input regarding the maximum position error.
US07702343B2
Techniques for allocating transmission gaps and making cell measurements in asynchronous communication networks are described. A terminal establishes communication with a first communication network (e.g., a W-CDMA network), receives an initial allocation of transmission gaps for making cell measurements, and makes measurements for cells in a second communication network (e.g., a GSM network) during the allocated transmission gaps. The terminal determines the timing of at least one cell in the second network, which is asynchronous with the first network, and sends the cell timing to the first network. The terminal then receives a new allocation of transmission gaps for making cell measurements. The locations of the transmission gaps in the new allocation are determined based on the cell timing reported by the terminal. The terminal makes measurements for the at least one cell in the second network during the transmission gaps in the new allocation.
US07702335B2
A method of system access from a wireless device to a wireless network, the network having a plurality of base stations includes the steps of: selecting at least one reverse link cost metric from a list of predetermined reverse link cost metrics; determining a reverse link cost according to the selected at least one reverse link cost metric; selecting a candidate base station from the plurality of base stations; sending a probe signal at the reverse link cost to the candidate base station; waiting for a response from the candidate base station within a timeout period; and repeating steps until timeout, or until the condition that a response is received from at least one candidate base station so that at least one candidate base station can be used to provide system access from the wireless device to the wireless network.
US07702332B2
HLR installed in an environment in which there are a plurality of mobile communication networks, is provided with a whole managed object manager for storing and managing subscriber number IDs and HLR information to manage the subscriber number IDs, in correspondence to each other; a subscriber data manager for storing and managing subscriber number IDs registered as managed objects of the host HLR and subscriber data of the subscriber numbers in correspondence to each other; and a determination controller for determining whether subscriber management information (subscriber number IDs and subscriber data) of managed objects in the host HLR is to be transferred to another HLR, based on criterion information such as current subscriber management information volume and accommodation capacity information, and for, when the transfer is necessary, determining a recipient HLR and subscriber management information of a transferred object, based on the criterion information in each HLR and a predetermined standard.
US07702326B2
A telecommunication system comprises a mobile station, or handset, usable by a user, at least one switching center connectable to the mobile station. The system is arranged such that when an attempt to establish a connection between the mobile station and the switching center fails, information relating to the cause of the connection failure is provided to the mobile station. The mobile station is able to provide this information to help a center.
US07702323B2
The wireless control system of the present invention constitutes a wireless AV system (101) which forms a wireless transmission network (1) in which a wireless center unit (102) and a TV main body unit (103) are connected with each other by a wireless LAN. The wireless center unit (102) transmits to the TV main body unit (103) control data having, in a control command, a discrimination code for discriminating between devices in the wireless AV system (101). The TV main body unit (103) reads out the discrimination code included in the received control data, discriminates a device to carry out the control command included in the control data, and transmits the control data to the discriminated device. As a result, even when the number of controlled devices that a controlling device has to control increases, a throughput of the controlling device for discrimination of control data does not increase, and therefore the whole system constituted of the controlling device and the controlled devices can be smoothly operated.
US07702320B2
A portable information terminal having high adaptability and high convenience with respect to operating environment, and by which comfortable and high-quality sounds can be reproduced is provided. A sound reproducing system in a portable information terminal 1, wherein the portable information terminal is provided with at least two acoustic loudspeakers 2a and 2b; and the at least two acoustic loudspeakers are driven simultaneously to compensate their reproduced sounds with each other.
US07702318B2
Improved capabilities are described for selecting content for presentation on a mobile communication facility, wherein the content selection is based at least in part on the relevance between the content and a transaction event associated with the mobile communication facility, and presenting the content to the mobile communication facility.
US07702317B2
A system and method to collect all the offerings of a wireless service provider. Wireless service providers have different types of offerings, said offerings depending on the type of wireless client device being used. A single type of device, linked to an emulation computer, can ‘spoof’ the identification of all the devices that the wireless service provider supports. The emulation computer traverses the links made available by the wireless service provider for the type device the emulation computer is ‘spoofing’.
US07702315B2
A mobile communication device, such as a wireless mobile phone, is provided with a unified message function equipped to facilitate a user in interacting with a communication partner including messages of different message types supported by the mobile communication device via a unified thread.
US07702307B2
A frequency modulation (FM) radio receiver includes a processing unit that may generate a magnitude value corresponding to a signal strength of each of a plurality of digital samples of a received FM signal. The receiver also includes a noise estimation unit that may filter the magnitude values using a high pass filter and may generate a noise value representative of a noise portion of the received FM signal based upon the filtered magnitude values.
US07702304B2
The present invention provides a method and system for operating a wireless communication system in which received signals from a plurality of antennas are weighted and combined with a beam forming operation to form an output signal. In an embodiment of the present invention, beamforming operations are performed with maximal ratio combining (MRC) and an interference nulling algorithm (INA). The INA receives an error signal which is 180° out of phase with a combination of the channels for individual antennas, referred to as the SUM channel. The error signal is determined by complex conjugate multiplication of the individual signals and a reference complex signal. The weight amplitude is controlled by weight normalization to provide faster convergence and prevent integrator overflow.
US07702302B1
A novel system for supplying power to a powered device over a communication link, such as an Ethernet link, has a current control mechanism that combines low-side current control circuitry with high-side current control circuitry. The low-side current control circuitry is coupled to a low-side power supply line for controlling low-side current flowing in the low-side power supply line. The high-side current control circuitry is coupled to a high-side power supply line for controlling high-side current in the high-side power supply line.
US07702301B2
A method of reducing distortion in the output of an amplifier is provided. The method comprises subtractively combining an error signals with the appropriate phase shift with input signals to be amplified. The error signal being generated by subtractively combining a fed-forward portion of the input signal with a portion of the fed-back amplified output signal, and signal processing applied to it between its generation and application to correcting the input signal in the baseband domain. The error therefore being down-converted, filtered, and up-converted in the feedback path. The filtered baseband error signal components providing inputs to a controller which adjusts active elements of the amplification and feedback path in order to minimize the distortion within the output of the amplifier.
US07702294B2
Notch filter and apparatus for receiving and transmitting radio-frequency signals incorporating same
A notch filter suitable for attenuating certain frequencies of a radio-frequency signal includes an input for receiving the radio-frequency signal and an output for the output of a portion of the radio-frequency signal, first and second capacitive means, at least one inductor and a negative resistance circuit suitable for compensating the resistive losses of said at least one inductor. The inductor and the first and second capacitive means are placed to produce a resonator and the filter comprises a control device suitable for controlling the negative resistance circuit. The input impedance of the filter comprises a pole and a zero, with the pole depending on the second capacitive means and the zero depending on both the first and second capacitive means. The first and second capacitive means are variable and the control device is suitable for controlling the first and second capacitive means.
US07702284B2
A method and system of controlling a multicast transmission. The method and system transmits a data packet to multiple slave devices across a UWB wireless network, and detects the reception of any acknowledgement transmissions. These acknowledgement transmissions indicate reception of the data packet by the slave devices. In addition, the method and system retransmit the data packet to at least one of the slave devices when an acknowledgment is not detected for each of the slave devices. The acknowledgments may be received from the UWB network.
US07702275B2
A cleaning device includes: a first shaft; a cleaning roller which is operable to come into contact with a surface of a photosensitive drum, and is integrally rotated with the first shaft; a pressing member for pressing the cleaning roller against the surface of the photosensitive drum; a second shaft; a spiral roller which is integrally rotated with the second shaft, and is operative to collect toner residues from the surface of the photosensitive drum; a driving force transmitting mechanism for transmitting a driving force of the photosensitive drum to the first shaft and the second shaft; and a pair of arm members which are pivotally interlocked with the second shaft, and are pivotally interlocked with the first shaft. The cleaning device allows for suppressing image jitter or noise resulting from jitter of the photosensitive drum.
US07702272B2
A control section (101) includes a first power control section (81) (a first power control mode) and a second power control section (82) (a second power control mode). The first power control section (81) is for controlling an setting value of electric power to be supplied to a heater lamp (64) based on the temperature of a heating roller (61). The second power control section (82) is for controlling the setting value of electric power to be supplied to the heater lamp (64) in order to forced-drive the heater lamp (64) by an electric power that is higher than the setting value of electric power. Switching control means (84) performs switching between the first power control mode and the second power control mode depending on a status of operation of each of components forming an image forming apparatus (100).
US07702264B2
An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier that carries a latent image; a charging device that charges the image carrier with a charging voltage having an AC component; and a roller that carries a developer to be supplied to the image carrier in a developing position, with a surface of the roller provided with axially-formed grooves, the frequency of the AC component of the charging voltage and the number of the grooves provided on the roller being set so that non-uniformity in density of an output image becomes invisible, caused by interference between the frequency of the AC component of the charging voltage and the frequency at which the grooves pass the developing position.
US07702262B2
A toner container includes a longitudinal container body and a held portion. The longitudinal container body has a first end and second end distal to the first end in a length direction of the container body and a gripper attached to the second end. The held portion is attached to the first end of the container body and is configured to be detachably attached to the toner-container holder. The held portion includes a toner outlet for discharging the toner contained in the container body, and an open/close member for opening/closing the toner outlet in synchronization with an attachment/detachment operation to/from the toner-container holder.
US07702261B2
A development device includes a developer bearing member including a plurality of magnetic poles for bearing a two component developer, and rotating so that the toner is supplied to a latent image bearing member, a supply and conveyance path including a member configured to convey the developer in a first direction, a regulation member configured to regulate the developer on the developer bearing member, a collection and conveyance path including a member configured to convey the developer in a second direction parallel to the first direction, arranged below the development bearing member and at a substantially same height as the supply and conveyance path, an agitation and conveyance path including a member configured to convey the developer in a third direction opposite to the first direction, arranged at a substantially same height as the collection and conveyance path, and partition members partitioning the three paths.
US07702258B2
A tandem color image forming apparatus includes a plurality of photosensitive bodies driven by one driving source and having a shaft gear, and power transmission members engaged with the shaft gears of the plurality of the photosensitive bodies to transmit a driving force generated from the driving source to each of the plurality of the photosensitive bodies. At least one color registration compensation unit is disposed between the power transmission members. The color image forming apparatus employs the color registration compensation unit so that each photosensitive body can be synchronized and registration errors can be minimized.
US07702234B2
An image-taking apparatus includes: an A/D conversion circuit having an amplifier that is capable of amplifying image signals per shooting frame; and a gain changer that changes the gain of the amplifier. The apparatus causes the gain changer to increase the gain of the amplifier up to a level that compensates for a gradual decrease in the amount of light emitted from LEDs that occurs during continuous shooting. As a result, the amplitude level of every image signal is made constant and thus, replayed images of the same brightness shot during the continuous shooting are obtained.
US07702225B2
A fundus camera is provided with a focus aid mark projection system (5, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13) that includes a focus aid mark focussing lens (10) and other optical components such that the focus aid mark focussing lens (10) is attached to the focussing lens (6) of the imaging system and moves with that lens, thereby maintaining the focal planes of the focus aid mark projection system and the imaging system co-planar. An associated alignment mark projection system (35, 34, 33, 32) includes optics that utilize part of the existing fundus camera illumination system (35) to project a plurality of alignment marks onto the iris of the subject eye.
US07702222B2
A BD-ROM playback apparatus simultaneously executes playback of a title and execution of an application. The BD-ROM playback apparatus includes a playback control engine (32) for playing an AVClip belonging to one title, and a module manager (34) controlling branching between a plurality of titles, and a BD-J module (35) for executing at least one application. The BD-J module (35) includes a Java virtual machine (38) and an application manager (36). The application manager (36) interprets that the title execution is complete and performs a termination process [1] when no application is run or [2] when the main application has terminated. After execution of the termination process, the module manager (34) selects the next title such as a top menu title.
US07702217B2
With this invention, at least one of a video file containing video information, a still picture file containing still picture information, and an audio file containing audio information and a management file having management information on a control method of reproducing the information in the file are recorded on an information storage medium. This realizes a data structure that causes the recording and deleting places on the information storage medium to correspond spuriously to places on a single tape, such as a VTR tape. Use of the data structure provides users with an easy-to-use interface.
US07702212B2
An information recording apparatus includes: a transferring device that separately and simultaneously receives at least two information supplied through at least two channels, and separately and simultaneously transfers the at least two information to a storing device at separate transfer rates, thereby storing the at least two information into the storing device; a recording device that alternately reads the at least two information from the storing device, and alternately records the at least two information read from the storing device onto a recording medium at a constant recording rate; and a transfer rate setting device that sets the respective transfer rates to make a total of the transfer rates smaller than the recording rate.
US07702207B2
A fiberglass termination includes a mounting trough having a base plate and limbs. Front p1ates are fixed to the limbs of the mounting trough, and fiberglass couplings or adapters are arranged in the front plates.
US07702206B2
An optical waveguide includes: a center layer including at least two core layers whose edges are on substantially the same plane, and a first cladding layer provided between adjacent core layers; and a second cladding layer provided at least on both of front and rear surfaces of the center layer. At least surfaces of the core layer and the first cladding layer that are in contact with the second cladding layer include at least one resin selected from the group consisting of a resin having a hydroxyl group and a resin containing a silicon-silicon bond at a main chain thereof, and the second cladding layer includes a silicone resin.
US07702205B2
A relative refractive index difference Δ1 between a center core region and a cladding layer is 0.30% to 0.35%, a relative refractive index difference Δ2 between an outer core layer and the cladding layer is −0.10% to −0.04%, and Δ1:Δ2 is 2.5:1 to 7.5:1. A diameter of the center core region is 9.0 μm to 10.5 μm, and a ratio of diameters of the center core region and the outer core layer is 0.20 to 0.35. A cutoff wavelength is 1310 nm or shorter, a zero dispersion wavelength is 1285 nm to 1345 nm, and at a wavelength of 1550 nm, an MFD is 10.5 μm or larger, a transmission loss is 0.185 dB/km or lower, and a bending loss is 15 dB/m or lower.
US07702200B2
A planar optical device useful as a low order wavelength router is realized by using a waveguide grating comprising two curved arrays of opposite curvatures. The diffraction order is determined by the angles of rotation of the two curved arrays, and any nonzero order less than about 30 can be realized. This arrangement is smaller, and performs better than a previous grating using a combination of three curved arrays.
US07702192B2
Systems and methods for driving a display of MEMS devices are disclosed. In one embodiment, a display device comprises an array of MEMS display elements, at least one test deflecting element, and a deflection sensing circuit connected to the test deflecting element, the deflection sensing circuit being configured to monitor deflection of the test deflecting element without actuating the test deflection element and to provide a signal indicative of one or more parameters affecting operation of the array of MEMS display elements based on the deflection.
US07702190B2
An optical fiber strain sensor, a method of fabricating the same, and a method of sensing strain (1200). The method of strain sensing comprises providing an optical fiber having at least a first fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and a second FBG formed therein (1202); subjecting the optical fiber to a strain inducing force such that a grating period in the first FBG compresses and a grating period in the second FBG extends (1204); and optically interrogating the first and second FBG to determine peak reflection wavelengths of the first and second FBGs respectively (1206), whereby a separation between the peak reflection wavelengths of the first and second FBGs is representative of the strain induced.
US07702175B2
An image processing apparatus receives an input image signal and performs an enhancement process on a high frequency component included in the input image signal based on a low frequency component of the input image signal. The apparatus extracts a low frequency component from the input image signal and combines a step variation component of the input image signal with the low frequency component to generate a combined wave component. The apparatus performs an enhancement process on the high frequency component obtained by removing the combined wave component from the input image signal.
US07702172B2
A method and apparatus for locating the boundary of an object. An electronic image of the object is formed, having a plurality of image pixels. Groups of the image pixels are identified that represent edge segments of the object. Patches are formed around the image pixel groups, where each patch is dimensioned and positioned to entirely contain one of the image pixel groups. A patch merge process is preformed that merges any two of the patches together that overlap each other by a predetermined amount, to form a merged patch that is dimensioned and positioned to entirely contain the two merged patches. The merge process continues for any overlapping patches and merged patches until none of the patches and the merged patches overlap each other by the predetermined amount. All the edge segments contained within one of the merged patches are associated as representing the boundary of the object.
US07702164B2
Holographic recording drives encode data for recording into a holographic medium. The steps comprise run length limited encoding three bytes of data into 5×5 matrix information, the data subject to a 4-byte error correction code; and providing the 5×5 matrix information to a spatial light modulator (SLM), as a portion of a two-dimensional pixel matrix of the spatial light modulator, for recording into a holographic image on the holographic medium.
US07702147B2
An image reading apparatus includes: an image signal generating part reading a plurality of color components of image data from an original, and generating corresponding image signals for the respective color components; an image processing part carrying out predetermined image processing on the image signal for each of the plurality of color components; and a signal processing part outputting in sequence for each color component the respective color components of the image signals thus generated by the image signal generating part to the image processing part.
US07702145B2
Various technologies and techniques are disclosed for improving handwriting recognition using a neural network by allowing a user to provide samples. A recognition operation is performed on the user's handwritten input, and the user is not satisfied with the recognition result. The user selects an option to train the neural network on one or more characters to improve the recognition results. The user is prompted to specify samples for the certain character, word, or phrase, and the neural network is adjusted for the certain character, word, or phrase. Handwritten input is later received from the user. A recognition operation is performed on the handwritten input using the neural network that was adjusted for the certain character or characters.
US07702140B2
A method of assessing a body part includes obtaining two or more types of data through a combination of two or more of the following four imaging modalities: (1) obtaining surface topography data of the body part, (2) obtaining thermographic data of the body part, (3) obtaining range of motion data for the body part, and (4) obtaining spectral data of light reflected from the body part. The two or more types of data are integrated to allow them to be interacted with simultaneously, and the body part is assessed based on the integrated data.
US07702135B2
An image monitoring system uses wireless communications to transmit images for security monitoring. The system includes a central controller (105) and a plurality of digital still camera units (110) operatively connected to the central controller (105). At least one of the camera units (110) includes an image sensor (215), a motion detector (220) that causes the image sensor (215) to receive image data when motion is detected, a micro controller (205), and a first nonvolatile memory operatively connected to or included in the micro controller (205). The micro controller (205) determines whether received image data should be transmitted to the central controller (105), and the central controller (105) determines whether received image data should be transmitted to a monitoring station (115). The camera units (110) may further be used as standalone units as replacements for motion detectors in existing security systems.
US07702134B2
A method and apparatus for identifying 3-D coordinates of a target region on a tire includes: taking a digital image of a tire; finding an edge of a tire bead using pixel brightness values from the tire image; calculating tire bead circle center and radius using a plurality of image pixels on the tire bead edge; and performing a pixel brightness search around the bead circumference using the bead circle's center and radius to identify the target area X, Y coordinates. The Z-coordinate and slope of the target area are determined from multiple point distance calculations across the region.
US07702132B2
Systems and methods that determine a position value of a first object and a position value of a second object, and compare the position value of the first object with the position value of the second object to determine if the second object is in a queue with the first object are provided.
US07702131B2
A sequence of images depicts a foreground object in motion. A base image is selected, and the other images in the sequence are co-registered with the base image in order to align the images to a common coordinate system. A background image and a binary foreground mask are generated from the sequence of aligned images. By applying the foreground mask to a chosen one of the aligned images, a representation of the moving object is extracted. After blurring the background image, the extracted representation may be superimposed onto the blurred background image to produce a new image.
US07702127B2
Video fingerprinting using watermarks is described herein. A watermark encoder embeds a watermark into an input video to produce a watermarked video. The watermark encoder can choose particular regions of the video that are sufficiently complex for watermarking. Spatial and temporal complexity analyses can be performed on a per-pixel basis to locate suitable regions of the video. The watermarks can be embedded using a unique codeword associated with a given user. A watermark decoder can receive the watermarked video. In some instances, the watermarked video may have been attacked in some way after being output by the watermark encoder. In these instances, the watermark decoder can extract the watermark from the watermarked video. In turn, the watermark decoder can extract the codeword from the watermark, and compare the extracted codeword to a plurality of known codewords associated with respective users.
US07702125B2
Various improvements and applications for digital watermarking technology are detailed. One concerns techniques for making watermarks resistant to malicious attacks. Another involves using digital watermarking with ID cards and credentials, such as a watermarked driver's license conveying a user's cryptographic PKI. Still another uses digital watermarks in connection with automated compliance audits for corporate users of electronic content. A variety of other technologies are also detailed.
US07702111B2
The present invention relates to a method and a device for processing and reproducing an audio stereo signal. The method produces a left output signal for transmission to a left loudspeaker in a loudspeaker pair, which is, or is equivalent to, the sum of the mid input signal (M) and the side input signal (S), the method further produces a right output signal for transmission to a right loudspeaker in said pair, which is, or is equivalent to, the sum of the mid input signal (M) and the side signal (S) phase shifted 180° . The method further being characterized in that at least part of the side input signal (S) or the mid input signal (M) is phase shifted approximately 45°-135° relative to the other signal prior to or at the production of the left and right output signals. The invention further relates to such an audio stereo signal reproduction system.
US07702106B2
Systems and methods for quantum secret splitting based on non-orthogonal multi-particle states are disclosed. The method includes preparing at a sender (“Charlie”) two qubits each of which can be in one of two non-orthogonal states and distributing the qubits to respective parties Alice and Bob. The method also includes measuring at Alice the state of the qubit she receives by a projective measurement so that the measurement result is either 0 or 1, and at Bob measuring the state of the qubit he receives such that the measurement result is either 0, 1 or f, wherein f represents a failure by Bob to properly measure the qubit state. The method also includes communicating between Alice, Bob and Charlie the outcome of their respective measurements so as to deduce the state of the qubits sent to Alice and Bob.
US07702096B2
Disclosed is a self-cradling type portable terminal including a first body having at least one first user interfacing unit, the first body having a stationary body and a sliding body adapted to slide in a longitudinal direction of the stationary body while continuously facing the stationary body so that a predetermined region of an upper surface of the stationary body is exposed/hidden, and a second body having at least one second user interfacing unit, the second body being connected to the first body so as to rotate about a hinge axis extending through a region of a lateral surface of the first body in a longitudinal direction of the first body, the region being spaced from a center of the lateral surface, so that the first body is supported at a slant by the second body when the second body is rotated by a predetermined angle relative to the first body.
US07702083B2
Methods and apparatus are provided for presenting default content to a caller when a media stream of the specified type is not available. If it is determined that a destination endpoint is not providing a media stream of a first media type to an originating endpoint, a transmission of default media of the first media type to the originating endpoint is initiated.
US07702082B2
A method, system, and storage medium for providing comprehensive facsimile information within a voicemail system are disclosed. The method includes receiving a facsimile at a voicemail system, storing the facsimile in a recipient voice mailbox, and interpreting elements of the facsimile. The interpreting is performed by optical character recognition software. Upon receiving a request by a voicemail recipient to access the voice mailbox, and absent any pre-defined user preferences with respect to the handling of the facsimile, the method includes converting the interpreted elements of the facsimile into audible speech via a text-to-speech engine, formatting the converted elements resulting in a voicemail facsimile notification, presenting the voicemail facsimile notification and options to a communications device associated with the voicemail recipient, and implementing one of the options selected by the recipient.
US07702081B1
An emergency information system comprises an interface and a processing system. The interface is configured to receive first call signaling for an emergency call from a call processing system wherein the first call signaling indicates a call back number. The processing system is configured to process the first call signaling to determine a destination for the emergency call, generate second call signaling indicating a key and the destination, and generate a database message indicating the key and the call back number. The interface is further configured to transfer the second call signaling to the call processing system and transfer the database message to a database system.
US07702079B2
In one aspect of the invention, emergency modes of operation for an adapter unit comprising a channel transmitter/receiver unit, a data packet transmitter/receiver unit, and a data insertion/data retrieval unit which inserts signaling data transmitted by the channel receiver unit into data packets and forwards the same to the data packet transmitter unit while retrieving signaling data from the data packets received by the data packet receiver unit and forwarding the same to the channel transmitter unit is provided. The adapter unit especially allows terminals of a branch to be connected in a fail-safe and simple manner to a central telecommunication system.
US07702075B2
Disclosed are an energy spectrum modulation apparatus, a material discrimination method and a device thereof, as well as an image processing method are disclosed, which can discriminate the material in large- and medium-sized objects such as cargo containers, air cargo containers, etc. by using X-rays having different energy levels. The energy spectrum modulation apparatus comprises a first energy spectrum modulation part for modulating a first ray having a first energy spectrum, and a second energy spectrum modulation part coupled to the first energy spectrum modulation part and for modulating a second ray having a second energy spectrum different from the first energy spectrum. The present invention can be used in the non-opening inspection for large-sized container cargo at places such as Customs, ports and airports.
US07702074B2
An X-ray generation unit and an X-ray detection unit are controlled by an imaging control unit when two-dimensional images of a sample without a contrast and two-dimensional images of a sample with a contrast are imaged, so as to set imaging angles of these two-dimensional images to be different from each other, and a three-dimensional image of the sample is acquired by an image calculation unit on the basis a plurality of two-dimensional images without a contrast and a plurality of two-dimensional images with a contrast which are acquired under the control of the X-ray generation unit and the X-ray detection unit.
US07702069B2
X-ray security inspection machine (10) comprising an X-ray tunnel (40); a conveyor means (50) for conveying an article through the tunnel; an X-ray source for irradiating the article; and an X-ray detection means for detecting X-rays transmitted through the article. In one aspect, the detection means comprises a photodetector array module (20) actuatable between a first stowed configuration and a second deployed configuration. In a second aspect, the detection means comprises a first unit having a first photodetector array (22); and a second unit, having a second photodetector array (24), offset with respect to the first unit. The units are moveable relative to one another between a first arrangement where the arrays overlap to a first degree and a second arrangement where they overlap to a second, lower degree; preferably zero. Also, a conveyor belt-tracking device (100) comprising a guide frame (104) to receive the conveyor belt (116) and substantially to restrict its motion to a predetermined direction.
US07702066B2
One aspect relates to inducing at least one induced X-ray fluorescing photon at a X-ray fluorescence event within an at least some matter of an at least a portion of an at least one individual responsive to an at least some input energy being applied to the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the at least one individual. The aspect can include detecting the at least one induced X-ray fluorescing photon, wherein the inducing at least one induced X-ray fluorescing photon and the detecting the at least one induced X-ray fluorescing photon is configured to be transported portably as a self-contained and self-powered unit.
US07702061B2
A multi-bit counter is provided. The multi-bit counter includes a plurality of asynchronous base counter cells coupled in series, the asynchronous base counter cells having a plurality of input terminals. The multi-bit counter also includes at least one logic gate coupled to at least one of the input terminals of at least one of the plurality of asynchronous base counter cells, a reload signal being input into the asynchronous base counter cells, a clock signal being input into the asynchronous base counter cells, and an input voltage being input into the asynchronous base counter cells, wherein the multi-bit counter is synchronous with the clock signal.
US07702060B2
A fuel channel for housing a fuel rod bundle in a boiling water nuclear reactor includes an expanded section to create an increased flow area at a top of the fuel channel and thereby reduce a pressure drop through the fuel channel. The expanded section eliminates a need for channel spacers and a fastener guard.
US07702055B2
A method of tracing processor data includes receiving a first trace stream from a first processor operating in response to a first clock and a second trace stream from a second processor operating in response to a second clock. The first trace stream is routed to a first dual-port synchronous memory in accordance with the first clock and the second trace stream is routed to a second dual-port synchronous memory in accordance with the second clock. The first trace stream and the second trace stream are delivered to a memory in accordance with a third clock.
US07702054B2
This invention relates to methods and apparatus for detecting errors in transmitted data. In one embodiment, a method includes the steps of transmitting data, accumulating a transmit sum, receiving the data, accumulating a receive sum, comparing the transmit and receive sums; and evaluating the result of the comparison for determining a transmission accuracy metric.
US07702049B2
An apparatus and a system, as well as a method and article, may operate to shift a center frequency of selected ones of a plurality of received signals by selected amounts to provide a plurality of shifted signals located in a frequency domain, which may then be combined into a composite signal centered at a selected frequency.
US07702037B2
Methods and apparatus are disclosed for DC offset estimation and for DC offset compensation that collectively reduce or eliminate the distortion of subcarriers due to DC offset in an OFDM receiver. The DC offset estimation is obtained by subtracting a sum of time domain samples of an OFDM symbol for two consecutive OFDM symbols or subtracting a known transmitted OFDM symbol and a frequency domain representation of a received version of the known OFDM symbol (at least one of which is adjusted to compensate for channel distortion). The DC offset compensation is accomplished by removing the estimated DC offset from the received signal. The DC estimation process and the DC compensation process can be connected in disclosed feed-forward or feedback configurations.
US07702031B2
A wireless communication system is configured for adaptive modulation of a transmitted symbol. The specific modulation and/or coding is uniquely identified and data related thereto is embedded within the transmitted symbol. A receiver extracts pilot signals form the transmitted symbol and performs a correlation analysis to identify the particular modulation/coding used for that particular transmitted symbol. This permits adaptive modulation on a symbol-by-symbol basis. A base station communicating with a plurality of peripheral subscribers may utilize different modulation/coding for each subscriber depending on channel conditions.
US07702015B2
Systems and methods for the processing of images over bandwidth-limited transmission interfaces, such as processing of high resolution video images over standard analog video interfaces, using multi-stream and/or multi-resolution analog methodology. The disclosed systems and methods may also be implemented to provide video resolutions across standard analog video interfaces in a manner that supports digital capture and imaging techniques to obtain useful information from digitally zoomed and enhanced video.
US07702008B2
A method for determining crosstalk coupling between a plurality of transmission lines in digital data transmission systems, in particular DSL networks. Firstly, at least one test signal (TS) is generated having a unique identification code (UIC) in the frequency domain (f), said code (UIC) being associated with a first transmission line. Then, the test signal (TS) is sent on the first transmission line. At least a second transmission line is monitored for detecting a crosstalk signal. It is determined whether the crosstalk signal is caused by the test signal (TS) of the first transmission line by means of a signature of the unique identification code (UIC) comprised in the crosstalk signal. In this way crosstalk between individual transmission lines can be determined without having to have recourse to conservative worst case assumptions. The method can adapt dynamically to a changing user/transmission environment, while obtaining unique crosstalk determination results at all times.
US07702006B2
Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to providing flexible and efficient communication by dynamically adjusting a transmit data rate in response to data status feedback. Such feedback may include information regarding data errors and/or latency. A first communication node communicates with a second communication node and sends data at an initial data rate. The transmit data rate is then selectively adjusted based on data status feedback received from the second communication node or other destination.
US07701990B2
Plural LDs 6 are series-connected and pump a solid-state pumping medium 7. Each of bypass circuits 15 is connected in parallel to an associated one of the LDs 6. An operation of driving each of the bypass circuits 15 is controlled by a control circuit 14. A detection circuit 13 is provided corresponding to each of the LDs 6 and detects a short circuit failure and an open failure of each of the LDs 6 according to a voltage developed thereacross or the like. The detection circuit 13 and the control circuit 14 are connected to and are controlled by an LD shortcircuit control circuit 11. In a case where a failure of the LD is detected by the detection circuit 13, the LD shortcircuit control unit 11 determines the position of the failed LD to bypass electric current having flowed through the failed LD. Then, the control circuit 11 sends a signal to a predetermined control circuit 14 to thereby operate a predetermined bypass circuit 15. The LD shortcircuit control unit 11 determines the position of the LD, which is to be turned off, according to the position of the failed LD to improve a pointing deviation in the solid-state medium 7. Then, the control unit 11 sends a signal to the control circuit 14 to turn off this LD. Thus, the control unit 11 causes a predetermined bypass circuit 15 to operate thereby to turn off the predetermined LD.
US07701985B2
A silicon-on-insulator (SOI)-based tunable laser is formed to include the gain medium (such as a semiconductor optical amplifier) disposed within a cavity formed within the SOI substrate. A tunable wavelength reflecting element and associated phase matching element are formed on the surface of the SOI structure, with optical waveguides formed in the surface SOI layer providing the communication between these components. The tunable wavelength element is controlled to adjust the optical wavelength. Separate discrete lensing elements may be disposed in the cavity with the gain medium, providing efficient coupling of the optical signal into the SOI waveguides. Alternatively, the gain medium itself may be formed to include spot converting tapers on its endfaces, the tapers used to provide mode matching into the associated optical waveguides.
US07701984B2
A laser module has an optical amplifier, a first etalon and a wavelength selectable mirror. The first etalon has wavelength peaks at a given wavelength interval in transmission characteristics and transmits a light from the optical amplifier. The wavelength peaks are tunable. The wavelength selectable mirror acts as an external mirror of an external cavity laser including the optical amplifier, and has a relatively high reflection intensity at a part of wavelength range in an effective gain range of the optical amplifier. The effective gain range of the optical amplifier includes more than one wavelength peak of the first etalon. A reflection bandwidth where the wavelength selectable mirror has a relatively high reflection intensity is less than twice of the wavelength interval of the wavelength peaks of the first etalon.
US07701983B2
The object is to provide a highly reliable, high-performance, and low-price tunable light source and the like. The present invention comprises: a multiple resonator that oscillates with a wavelength where frequencies of three or more resonant elements with shifted cycles intersect; and a tunable device for controlling the resonant wavelength of the multiple resonator by simultaneously changing the respective optical path lengths of the plurality of resonant elements constituting the multiple resonator. The multiple resonator has a structure in which three resonant elements are connected in series; and provided that the optical path lengths of the resonant elements are L0, L1, L2, Vernier orders are M1>1, M2>1, the optical path lengths are defined as L 1 = M 1 M 1 - 1 L 0 , L 2 = M 2 M 2 - 1 , phase amount “PM” is the changed optical path length standardized by one-wavelength of the optical path length, and the respective phase amount “PM” of the two ring resonant elements whose optical path lengths are to be changed are defined as “PM1” and “PM2”, the tunable device controls the increase/decrease amount of the phase amount “PM1” and “PM2” based on a linear function with a slope of M 2 - 1 M 1 - 1 .
US07701982B2
Apparatus for stabilizing carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of laser pulse generated by mode locked pulsed laser based on direct locking method includes laser oscillator, interferometer, detector and double feedback circuit. The laser oscillator includes the mode locked pulsed laser generating the laser pulse. The interferometer generates laser pulses having first and second frequency components from the laser pulse generated by the mode locked pulsed laser to generate first and second interference signals that substantially correspond to each other in time domain and space domain. The detector receives the first and second interference signals to output third and fourth interference signals by inverting phase of the second interference signal. The double feedback circuit controls the laser oscillator so that the CEP of the laser pulse generated by the mode locked pulsed laser has substantially constant value with respect to time using CEP signal obtained from the third and fourth interference signals.
US07701977B2
A packet alignment system for pre-processing/aligning incoming packets may comprise one or more registers for receiving control signals and data signals. An aligner may cyclically shift said data signals to form a plurality of shifted data words. A plurality of pipe registers may collect and generate an adjusted control signal for each one of the plurality of shifted data words. A filtering logic may identify one of the plurality of shifted data words as a desired aligned data word. The filter logic may also be configured for registering header data, payload data and ECRC data contained in the desired aligned data word in a header register, a payload register and an ECRC register, respectively. An output interface may generate an outgoing signal and provide data from at least one of the header register, the payload register and the ECRC register.
US07701976B2
A communications system comprising a segmenting mechanism configured to receive a plurality of payloads and divide each of the received payloads into segments, a framing mechanism configured to insert at least one of the segments from each of the plurality of payloads into a packet, a first interface configured to transmit the packet, and a second interface configured to transmit segment information about the segments in the packet.
US07701975B1
A physical layer (PHY) packet aggregation technique may be used to reduce the percentage of PHY overhead in data transmission in order to achieve better PHY efficiency and higher throughput. Higher layer packets in an upper layer data queue may be fragmented into appropriate small-size sub-packets, which include a body encapsulated by a MAC header and an FCS field. The sub-packets are then concatenated to form the data field of an aggregated PHY packet. Since each of the sub-packets contains its own MAC (Media Access Control) header and FCS (Frame Check Sequence) field, the receiver can identify and flag erroneous sub-packets on an individual basis. The receiver may transmit a block ACK, which includes the acknowledgement status for each of the sub-packets in the aggregated PHY packet, to the transmitter. The transmitter may resend only the erroneous sub-packet(s).
US07701967B2
A communication control terminal apparatus employs one CPU to control two or more communication procedures, without adversely affecting each other. The communication control terminal apparatus includes a storage unit for storing information by using predetermined codes, a codec unit for coding and decoding the information, and communication control units for transmitting the information. A communication code obtained by the codec unit through conversion is transmitted via the communication control units. An execution time for the codec unit is changed in accordance with types of the communication procedures performed by the communication control units.
US07701964B2
A distributed method and apparatus for assigning a unique identifier number to devices connected in a sequential fashion and determining a total device count is presented. Additionally, a method and apparatus for enabling the support of a variable number and type of time slots within a time division multiplexed serial protocol is presented.
US07701955B1
A cable landing station for an undersea cable shared by a plurality of carriers is provided according to some examples of the invention. The cable landing station includes a first interface adapted for coupling to a first undersea cable portion and at least a second interface adapted for coupling to at least a second undersea cable portion. The cable landing station further includes a router including a plurality of ports. Each carrier of the plurality of carriers is assigned at least one exclusive port of the plurality of ports. The router is coupled to the first interface and the at least second interface. The router is logically partitioned between the carriers of the plurality of carriers and is configured to route packets between the first interface, the second interface, and the plurality of ports according to the logical partitioning between the carriers.
US07701954B2
In one aspect of the present invention, a network gateway is configured to facilitate on line and off line bi-directional communication between a number of near end data and telephony devices with far end data termination devices via a hybrid fiber coaxial network and a cable modem termination system. The described network gateway combines a QAM receiver, a transmitter, a DOCSIS MAC, a CPU, a voice and audio processor, an Ethernet MAC, and a USB controller to provide high performance and robust operation.
US07701952B2
A packet communication method and a packet communication system capable of making an IPv4-compatible application operating on an information processing apparatus communicate with another information processing apparatus connected to an IPv6 network without using an address translation router. In the information processing apparatus connected to the IPv6 network, an IPv4-to-IPv6 protocol conversion control function is incorporated in a LAN driver. A protocol conversion control module receives an IPv4 packet from a protocol control module. When a send destination IPv4 address contained in a header of the packet is registered in an address translation table incorporated in the protocol conversion control module, an IPv6 address is generated to be sent onto a LAN. Unless the send destination IPv4 address contained in the packet header is registered in the address translation table incorporated in the protocol conversion control module, the IPv4 packet as received is intactly sent onto the LAN.
US07701949B1
An apparatus including a first buffer, a second buffer and a priority switch circuit. The first buffer is configured to store data of a first data stream having a first priority. The second buffer is configured to store data of a second data stream having a second priority. The priority switch circuit is coupled to the first buffer and the second buffer and is configured to interrupt a transmission of the first data stream from the first buffer upon detection of data of the second data stream and transmit data of the second data stream.
US07701948B2
Numerous enhancements to metro Ethernet network (MEN) services include an enhancement of the overall MEN Quality of Service (QoS) architecture, an enhancement to classification at the provider edge, the use of Ethernet QoS classes, enhancements to policing and marking at ingress provider edge equipment, the provision of traffic management functions at egress provider edge equipment, the use of multiple Ethernet virtual connections (EVCs) and Aggregate EVCs, an enhancement to QoS across an external network-network interface and an enhancement to treatment of Ethernet service frames in a core network.
US07701946B1
In one embodiment, a method and apparatus for a mechanism for data and event management across networks is disclosed. The method includes creating one or more random connections to transmit event data between agents in a data management network, the agents to maintain the event data for the data management network without utilizing a central management system, randomly removing one of the random connections, and forming another random connection between the agents. Other embodiments are also disclosed.
US07701933B2
The invention relates to a method for transmitting a data telegram from a non-real-time domain to a real-time domain, comprising the following steps: generation of a non-real-time data telegram comprising a useful data zone, the data telegram containing a real-time or a non-real-time identifier in addition to a data telegram identifier (identifier i) in the useful data zone thereof when the real time identifier is provided; monitoring of the non-real-time data telegram for the presence of a real time identifier by the coupling unit if the real-time identifier is provided; transmission of the useful data and real-time identifier (identifier i) from the useful data zone of the non-real-time data telegram to a user interface of the coupling node; storage of the useful data in a storage zone of a communication memory which is associated with the identifier.
US07701929B2
A telecommunications platform that provides redundant interfaces to a telecommunications system for multiple IP based telecommunication devices. The telecommunications platform includes a gateway cluster with two or more signaling gateways. Each signaling gateway is assigned a point code for being accessed by devices in the telecommunications system. The gateway cluster is assigned a virtual point code. Any of the IP based telecommunications devices can be accessed by the telecommunications system by routing to the virtual point code through one of the signaling gateways in the gateway cluster. Thus, if one of the signaling gateways is not available, the IP based telecommunications devices can still be accessed through one of the other signaling gateways in the gateway cluster.
US07701926B2
A multipoint communication system uses Internet protocol trunking to facilitate communication between media control units (for sending and receiving multipoint communication signals between end-point devices), a media gateway (for translating between non-Internet protocol multipoint communication signals and Internet protocol communication signals), and a controller (for establishing and controlling a multipoint communication session between the end-point devices). In addition, a multimedia gateway (for use in a multipoint communication system) is described that incorporates an interactive voice response unit through which users of non-Internet protocol devices (connected to the multimedia gateway) interact to establish a communication session with a multipoint communication system.
US07701911B2
A system and method are provided for global transmission power control in a wireless communication device. The method comprises: measuring the received power of a receiving device; collecting the received power measurements, and accepting a received power threshold; and, generating the optimal transmit power level for a transmitting device, in response to the collected received power measurements and received power threshold. The received power measurements of base station can be collected and the method generates the optimal transmit power level for a mobile station in response to the collected base station received power measurements. Alternately, the received power for mobile stations in a network downlink can be measured and collected, and the optimal transmit power level for a base station can be calculated in response to the collected mobile station received power measurements.
US07701898B2
After a wireless device registers with a wireless carrier, a registration process is initiated with a provisioning server. The provisioning server, based on at least one of a device identifier for the wireless device and an identifier of the wireless carrier, retrieves database information from a database. This information may be used by the provisioning server to decide whether to return (i) address information for a relay server which provides centralised management services or (ii) address information for an enterprise network.
US07701880B2
A method for initializing a fiber channel link upon a failure of a standard speed negotiation algorithm is provided. The standard speed negotiation algorithm is disabled. A link speed is set to a highest possible link speed not yet attempted outside the standard speed negotiation algorithm, initializing the fiber channel link if the link speed is negotiated at a maximum link speed. If the link speed is negotiated at a speed less than the maximum link speed, the standard speed negotiation algorithm is reattempted, initializing the fiber channel link according to the standard speed negotiation algorithm if the reattempt is successful.
US07701878B2
This invention pertains to a method for collision avoidance in local Ethernet networks, such as a home automation network, having a personal computer and a plurality of control devices attached. In such a network, when a management message is broadcast from the host personal computer to all connected control devices, each one of such devices must reply with a response to the host computer. There is, however, a probability that responses might collide, leading to data loss. The present invention discloses a method to generate delayed responses to the sender from each control device, where an individual device's delay is computed in accordance to a unique value contained in its MAC address. The method will guarantee different delay times for all attached control devices, and hence a collision-free operation.
US07701871B1
A method comprises determining maximum and next-maximum correlation candidates for a symbol of a modulated signal, calculating a scalar relationship between the maximum and next-maximum correlation candidates, deriving signal quality associated with the modulated signal based on the scalar relationship, and altering a characteristic based on the derived signal quality.
US07701870B2
This disclosure relates to methods and systems for monitoring network usage according to predetermined rules and calculating user charges based on the network usage. The described technique includes receiving a data packet, extracting parameters from the data packet and determining whether the extracted parameters match at least one rule in a rules engine. Charges for the data packet are calculated based on the matched rules. The data packet is forwarded on to its destination.
US07701865B2
A method and apparatus for configuring connectivity at a hub having a plurality of subscriber lines from a plurality of subscriber premises and a plurality of feeder lines from a central office. The hub provides connectivity between the plurality of subscriber premises and the central office. The method and apparatus include categorizing the plurality of subscriber lines into a plurality of groups based on penetration rates and churn rates of the plurality subscriber lines. Each group of subscriber lines are connected to feeder lines based on the penetration and churn rates for POTS and/or DSL services. Subscriber line groups with high penetration rates and high/low churn rates are coupled directly to feeder lines. Subscriber line groups with low penetration rates and high/low churn rates are terminated at the hub. Subscriber lines with an intermediate penetration rate are candidates for being connected to the feeder lines via an automatic switch.
US07701862B2
A method, system and apparatus are provided for detecting a loop-back in a physical layer on an Ethernet link. In the physical layer, a device sends a base page on the Ethernet link. The base page has at least one next page capability bit set. Subsequently, the device receives a received base page. Thereafter, for detecting the loop-back, the next page capability bit is set in the received base page is determined.
US07701861B1
A physical layer and a physical layer diagnostic system allow the physical layer of a network device to be tested without requiring the physical layer to be connected to a medium access controller. The physical layer includes a medium-side interface. A plurality of digital circuits in the physical layer communicate with the medium-side interface. A medium communicates with the medium-side interface. A packet generating device is connected to the medium and generates data packets that are transmitted over the medium to the medium-side interface, through the plurality of digital circuits of the physical layer and back to the packet generating device.
US07701858B2
A method and apparatus for communication in a wireless sensor network. In one embodiment, one or more routers in a network may be available for communication with one or more star nodes at a randomized time and/or frequency. A connectivity assessment, which may be performed at several different frequencies and/or times, may be performed to evaluate the quality of communications between devices in the network. Primary and secondary communication relationships may be formed between devices to provide for system redundancy. One or more proxies may be maintained where each proxy includes a status of one or more devices in the network, e.g., one or more star nodes or routers. Proxies may be used to handle information requests and/or status change requests, e.g., a proxy may be requested to change a communication relationship between devices in the network and may generate command signals to cause the corresponding devices to make the change.
US07701857B2
A method, system, and computer-readable medium for selecting a route in a network are provided. A respective link cost is assigned to links of a plurality of routes, and a respective node cost is assigned to nodes of the plurality of routes. A respective link cost is calculated for each of the links, and a respective node cost is calculated for each of the nodes. A respective route cost for each of the plurality of routes is calculated based on the calculated link cost for each of the links and the calculated node cost for each of the nodes.
US07701850B2
A digital broadcast transmitting/receiving system and a method for processing data are disclosed. The method for processing data may enhance the receiving performance of the receiving system by performing additional coding and multiplexing processes on the traffic information data and transmitting the processed data. Thus, robustness is provided to the traffic information data, thereby enabling the data to respond strongly against the channel environment which is always under constant and vast change.
US07701844B2
A method and system for detecting radio link (RL) failures between a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) and a Node-B are disclosed. When signaling radio bearers (SRBs) are supported by high speed uplink packet access (HSUPA), an RL failure is recognized based on detection of improper operation of at least one of an absolute grant channel (AGCH), a relative grant channel (RGCH), a hybrid-automatic repeat request (H-ARQ) information channel (HICH), an enhanced uplink dedicated physical control channel (E-DPCCH) and an enhanced uplink dedicated physical data channel (E-DPDCH). When SRBs are supported by high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA), an RL failure is recognized based on detection of improper operation of at least one of a high speed shared control channel (HS-SCCH), a high speed physical downlink shared channel (HS-PDSCH) and a high speed dedicated physical control channel (HS-DPCCH).
US07701841B2
An orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) demodulating apparatus includes a delay profile creating section, a Fourier converting section, a pilot signal extracting section, a transmission path characteristic estimating section, an inverse Fourier converting section, and a window control section. In this case, the window control section creates a delay profile for defining a calculation range by leaving a path which exists at a same position in both the delay profiles created by the delay profile creating section and the inverse Fourier converting section and the number of times of detection which is equal to or higher than a threshold value and defines a higher threshold value for the path at a predetermined position from the position of the main path within the delay profile created by the inverse Fourier converting section than for the paths at the other positions.
US07701839B2
A multi-rate interleaved frequency division multiple access (IFDMA) modulation scheme permits users to transmit at different data rates or to vary their data rates while providing frequency diversity and preserving low peak-to-average power ratios and orthogonality between user data rates. The modulation scheme allows user-specific data block and repetition sizes, as well as user-specific modulation codes. Code assignment rules are provided for maintaining orthogonality between the different user data rates. Block and phase ramp modulation codes can be used. Asynchronous transmissions by users are supported by ensuring that the length of the cyclic extension is sufficiently long to tolerate worst case relative signal arrival delays between users and the channel pulse response duration over the communication medium. The modulation scheme can be employed in wireless communication systems, such as cellular or paging systems.
US07701838B2
In an optical information medium having an information bearing surface having projections and depressions and/or capable of forming recorded marks, a functional layer is added. The information borne on the information bearing surface can be read by using reading light of a wavelength longer than 4NA·PL wherein PL is the minimum size of the projections and depressions or the recorded marks and NA is the numerical aperture of a reading optical system, setting the power of the reading light within such a range that the functional layer does not change its complex index of refraction, and irradiating the reading light to the information bearing surface constructed by the functional layer or to the information bearing surface through the functional layer or to the functional layer through the information bearing surface. The medium enables reading at a high resolution beyond the diffraction limit.
US07701825B2
A digital recording medium such as an optical disc is recorded using an encoding process this is modified to cause a peak or rapid change in the digital sum value in the encoded data for part of the recording data. This provides the corresponding part of the recorded medium with a modified DC characteristic that affects an operational characteristic of the recording medium. This modified DC characteristic will not be present in unauthorized copies of the recording medium because the normal encoding process will encode the recording data so as to minimize DC imbalance. Profile data is obtained from operational data acquired during operation of the recording medium. This profile data is compared with expected profile data that is the profile data that would be expected to be obtained if the modified DC characteristic is present. The results of this comparison are used to determine whether or not the recording medium is authentic.
US07701809B2
A method for recording information on a computer-readable medium and a computer-readable recording medium having a first area for storing a plurality of access control data in a recording unit, each of the access control data having a data structure to control writing to and/or reading from the computer-readable recording medium and a second area for storing status information indicating status of the access control data, per the recording unit.
US07701802B2
A method for delaying a control signal, includes receiving a clock signal, determining a number of delay elements required to generate a first delay equal to a target amount of the period of the clock signal, receiving a data signal having an edge generated at the same time as an edge of the control signal, determining a fraction number equal to the number of delay elements needed to generate a second delay for the data signal or the control signal to align their edges, divided by the number of cascaded delay elements necessary to provide a delay equal to the target amount of the period of the clock signal, multiplied by the number of delay elements to generate the first delay, and delaying the control signal by the number of cascaded delay elements to realize said first delay altered by the fraction number of delay elements.
US07701800B2
A multi-port memory device includes ports, banks, a global data bus, an input/output (I/O) controller, mode register set (MRS), a clock generator, and a test I/O controller. The I/O controller transmits a test signal to the global data bus in response to a mode register enable signal. The MRS generates a test enable signal in response to the mode register enable signal and outputs a mode selection signal which determines a data transmission mode of a test I/O signal in response to the test signal. The clock generator receives an external clock and generates an internal clock based on the external clock in response to the mode selection signal. The test I/O controller inputs/outputs the test I/O signal in synchronism with the internal clock. The mode register enable signal active during a test operation mode for testing a core area of the banks.
US07701796B2
Provided is a memory device capable of automatically controlling a self refresh cycle by sensing an ambient temperature, rather than setting Extended Mode Register Set (EMRS) code. The memory device includes a temperature sensing unit for generating a first voltage independent of a temperature variation and a second voltage dependent upon a temperature variation, a comparing unit for comparing the first voltage with the second voltage to provide a comparison result signal, and a self refresh signal generating unit for receiving a self refresh entry signal and generating a self refresh signal of temperature compensated cycle under the control of the comparison result signal.
US07701790B2
A semiconductor memory device for use in a system includes a reset signal generator for generating a reset entry signal and a reset exit signal respectively in response to a start timing and a termination timing of a reset operation of the system; and a reset controller for performing a precharge operation in response to the reset entry signal and a refresh operation in response to the reset exit signal.
US07701787B2
A memory controller for controlling a memory, where the memory controller includes: a pad, coupled to the memory, for generating an output signal to the memory according to a signal value of the memory controller; a voltage pull-up device, coupled to the pad, comprising a first N type transistor and for pulling up a voltage level on the pad according to the signal value; and a voltage pull-down device, coupled to the pad, comprising a second N type transistor and for pulling down the voltage level on the pad according to the signal value.
US07701786B2
A semiconductor memory device changes a pulse width of an over driving signal according to operation modes, which differ by a degree of accessing memory banks during an over driving operation. An over driver supplies an RTO line of the bit line sense amplifier with an over driving voltage in response to the over driving signal and an over driving signal generator changes a pulse width of the over driving signal according to the operation modes. An increase in the VCORE due to excess supply voltage VDD in the over driving operation is prevented.
US07701783B2
A semiconductor storage device has memory cells provided at intersections of word lines and bit lines, a precharge circuit connected to the bit lines, and a write circuit. The write circuit includes a column selection circuit controlled by a write control signal, a transistor for controlling a potential of a selected bit line so that the potential of the selected bit line is a first potential (e.g., 0 V), a capacitance element for controlling the potential of the selected bit line so that the potential of the selected bit line is a second potential (e.g., a negative potential) that is lower than the first potential, and a clamp circuit for clamping the second potential when a power supply voltage becomes high.
US07701781B2
A semiconductor memory device is capable of simultaneously carrying out a first operation and a second operation. The semiconductor memory device includes first and second control circuits, a select control circuit, and a select circuit. The first control circuit controls the first operation according to a first address signal and outputs a read start signal when the reading of the data is started. The second control circuit controls the second operation according to a second address signal and outputs a sequence flag when the first and second addresses coincide with each other. The select control circuit generates a select control signal. The select control signal is asserted if the second operation is carried out. The first control circuit instructs the select circuit to select the sequence flag if the select control signal is asserted or the data if the select control signal is negated.
US07701772B2
Methods of generating a program voltage for programming a non-volatile memory device include generating an initial voltage and generating a first ramping voltage in response to the initial voltage. The first ramping voltage has a ramping speed slower than the ramping speed of the initial voltage. A second ramping voltage is generated in response to the first ramping voltage. The second ramping voltage has a lower ripple than the first ramping voltage. The second ramping voltage is output as a program voltage for programming a non-volatile memory device. A program voltage generating circuit includes a program voltage generating unit configured to generate an initial voltage, a ramping circuit configured to generate a first ramping voltage responsive to the initial voltage, and a voltage controlling unit configured to generate a second ramping voltage having relatively low ripple and to output the first ramping voltage or the second ramping voltage responsive to a voltage level of the first ramping voltage. Semiconductor memory devices including program voltage generating circuits are also disclosed.
US07701769B2
A nonvolatile memory has logic which performs a programming operation, that controls a series of programming bias arrangements to program at least a selected memory cell of the memory array with data. The series of programming bias arrangements include multiple sets of changing gate voltage values to the memory cells.
US07701765B2
The present disclosure includes methods, devices, modules, and systems for programming multilevel non-volatile memory cells, each cell having a number of lower pages and an upper page,. One method includes programming a first lower page, programming a second lower page, programming a third lower page, programming an upper page, and reprogramming the upper page of a cell.
US07701763B2
Methods of operating a memory and a memory are disclosed, such as an analog non-volatile memory device and process that reduces the effects of charge leakage from data cache capacitors, maintaining stored charge levels as data. In one embodiment, data values are compensated for leakage that is uniform across the data cache by charging a reference capacitor or initiating another leakage model and uniformly adjusting the ground of the data capacitors by the effect amount or by adjusting an amplifier offset or gain. In another embodiment, held data values are compensated for charge leakage effects that are non-uniform due to data values being sequentially transferred into the data cache by scaling a ground node or adjustment of amplifier offset/gain of each capacitor in the data cache against the leakage reference and the order in which data was transferred into the data cache.
US07701761B2
A non-volatile memory device has individual pages of memory cells to be sensed in parallel. The memory device includes a source level tracking circuit coupled to receive a predetermined word line voltage from a word line voltage supply and the voltage level at the aggregate source node of one or more pages and coupled to provide to word lines of the memory an output voltage during the sensing operation, where the source level tracking circuit includes an op amp whereby the output voltage is the word line voltage offset by an amount to track the voltage level at the aggregate node and compensate for source bias errors due to a finite resistance in the ground loop.
US07701758B2
To provide a nonvolatile memory including a word-line drive circuit that supplies a selective voltage to a selective transistor connected in series to a nonvolatile memory device. The word-line drive circuit applies a first selective voltage VDD to a control electrode of the selective transistor in a first period, and applies a second selective voltage VPP higher than the first selective voltage VDD to the control electrode of the selective transistor in a second period that follows the first period. Thereby, a current drive capability of the selective transistor is gradually changed. Thus, it becomes possible to limit the current drive capability of the selective transistor at timing at which snap-back is caused. As a result, an excessive current caused by the snap-back is suppressed, thereby reducing damage inflicted on the nonvolatile memory device.
US07701752B2
A dynamic random access memory circuit is provided, having at least one write bit line, at least one read bit line, a capacitive storage device, a write access device operatively coupled to the capacitive storage device and the at least one write bit line, a sense amplifier operatively coupled to the at least one read bit line and configured to generate an output signal, a refresh bypass device operatively associated with the sense amplifier and the at least one write bit line so as to selectively pass the output signal to the at least one write bit line, and a write-read bypass device operatively coupled to the at least one write bit line and the at least one read bit line and configured to selectively pass a write signal from a write bit line signal point along the at least one write bit line to a read bit line signal point along the at least one read bit line for output to a data output. the output signal is selectively passed to the at least one write bit line. The write signal is selectively passed from the write bit line signal point along the at least one write bit line to the read bit line signal point along the at least one read bit line for output to the data output.
US07701741B2
In one or more embodiments, a memory device is disclosed as having an erase verify operation that includes a negative bias on the p-well in which the memory cell or cells being erased are formed. After an erase pulse is applied to the selected cells to be erased, the p-well is biased with the negative voltage and the erase verify operation is performed to determine the erased state of the cell(s).
US07701736B2
A synchronous rectifying circuit is provided for resonant power converter. An integrated synchronous rectifier comprises a rectifying terminal, a ground terminal a first input terminal and a second input terminal. The rectifying terminal is coupled to the secondary side of a power transformer. The ground terminal is coupled to the output of the power converter. A power transistor is connected between the rectifying terminal and the ground terminal. The first input terminal and the second input terminal are coupled to receive a pulse signal for turning on/off the power transistor. A pulse-signal generation circuit includes an input circuit coupled to receive the switching signal for switching the power transformer of the power converter.
US07701727B2
A portable electronic device (10) includes a body section (11), a film keypad (12), a printed circuit board (13) and a positioning device. The body section (11) defines an opening (111). The film keypad (12) is mounted to the body section (11). The positioning device is configured for aligning the film keypad (12) with the printed circuit board (13).
US07701720B2
A technique for installing a heatsink in an electronic assembly includes simultaneously applying force to multiple fastener assemblies that each retain a respective fastener in a body of the heatsink. The heatsink is then attached to the electronic assembly by actuating the fasteners while the force is simultaneously applied to the multiple fastener assemblies.
US07701718B2
A heat sink assembly includes a base, a fin group located above a top of the base, a mounting bracket, and a fan mounted on a lateral side of the mounting bracket. The mounting bracket is integrally formed by a metal sheet. The mounting bracket includes a pedestal is located at a top of the base and connects with the base, and two sidewalls extending upwardly from opposite ends of the pedestal and sandwiching the fin group therebetween. The fan is mounted on a lateral side of the sidewalls of the mounting bracket. The pedestal integrally forms four mounting arms. Four fasteners extend through the mounting arms for securing the heat sink assembly to a printed circuit board.
US07701717B2
A notebook computer includes a heat-generating component, a keyboard frame made of a heat conductive material and a heat pipe having an evaporator and a condenser. The evaporator of the heat pipe is in thermal communication with the heat-generating component and the condenser is attached to the keyboard frame and away from the heat-generating component.
US07701715B2
An electronic apparatus includes an enclosure enclosing a liquid cooling unit. The liquid cooling unit includes a heat receiver received on an electronic component. Heat of the electronic component is transferred to the heat receiver. The heat of the heat receiver is transferred to the coolant flowing through the flow passage of the heat receiver. The electronic component gets cooled. The coolant flows into a tank in the liquid cooling unit. The tank stores the coolant and air. The air inlet is formed in the enclosure. Fresh air is introduced into the enclosure through the air inlet. Since the tank is opposed to the air inlet, the tank is exposed to the fresh air. The heat of the coolant in the tank is thus radiated into the air. The coolant gets cooled in an efficient manner. The efficiency of heat radiation is enhanced in this manner.
US07701712B2
A cooling unit for integrating into a housing, especially a control box, including an assembly plate which is embodied to receive electrical components and has at least one cooling channel through which a coolant flows or is to flow. This invention provides the cooling unit with a compact structure and a high cooling performance. Thus, an air cooling unit with a fan is provided on the assembly plate for cooling warm air accumulated in the housing due to dissipated heat. The fan is used to guide the warm air along the assembly plate for cooling purposes.
US07701711B2
A waterproof part including a top case, a bottom case and at least one pin is provided. The top case has at least one first through hole. The bottom case has at least one second through hole that corresponds to the first through hole. The pin includes a conductive bolt, a pad, and an elastic conductive component. The conductive bolt is disposed in the second through hole and fastened to the bottom case. The pad is disposed in the first through hole and has at least one first fastening element. The pad is fastened to the top case by the first fastening element. The elastic conductive component is tightly disposed between the conductive bolt and the pad so as to connect to the conductive bolt and the pad electrically.
US07701699B2
A supporting structure applied in a display device is provided. The display device includes a casing and a display panel. The supporting structure comprises a fastening component and a sustaining component. The fastening component including a hook set is used for supporting the display panel. The sustaining component having a plurality of slot sets is disposed on the casing. The hook set separately presses against the slots for forming different distances between the display panel and the casing.
US07701698B2
An information processing apparatus of the present invention includes an upper casing 11, a lower casing 12 coupled to the upper casing 11 and forming a space for housing at least an electrical element, and a keyboard 3 disposed on the upper casing 11. The lower casing 12 includes a wall portion 13d arranged to stand from the inner bottom 12d, and a supporting face 13a formed integrally with the wall portion 13d from the wall portion 13d in a direction substantially parallel to the inner bottom 12d. The supporting face 13a is disposed at a position where the rear side of the operational side of the keyboard 13 can be supported. With such a configuration, key touch feeling of the keyboard can be prevented from declining, and an excellently robust information processing apparatus can be achieved.
US07701694B2
A highly reliable fuse for explosives and armaments is achieved by employing a micro mechanical device that operates to disrupt a relatively low impedance bypass circuit coupled in parallel with a relatively high impedance trigger mechanism. The removal of the electrical bypassing is performed as a result of the movement of the micro mechanical device to enable detonation under prescribed conditions. The electrical bypassing is removed by having at least one low impedance electrical bridge that is part of the bypass circuit break when the micro mechanical device is subjected to prescribed trigger activation forces, which are typically large forces, such as are generated during launch or impact. The micro mechanical device may be a micro-electrical mechanical system (MEMS) device and the bridge is at least one spring that is part of the MEMS device and also part of the bypass circuit.
US07701692B2
A projectile provides a stimulus signal through a human or animal target for immobilizing the target. The projectile includes a transceiver and a waveform generator. The transceiver receives a first signal and transmits a second signal. The waveform generator provides the stimulus signal through the target for immobilizing the target. The stimulus signal has a signal characteristic controlled by the waveform generator in accordance with the first signal. The second signal comprises a status of the stimulus signal.
US07701690B1
A system and a method are disclosed for suppressing load transients in radio frequency power amplifier switching power supplies. A power supply control circuit is provided that includes a switcher circuit and a low drop out circuit. Load transients are suppressed by generating a preload control signal that activates an active current source either in the switcher circuit or in the low drop out circuit. The active current source counteracts a decrease in the switcher operating voltage when a load transient is present. Load transients are also suppressed by generating a step control signal that activates a transistor in a feedback resistor divider network in the switcher circuit to increase the switcher operating voltage during a load transient. The preload and step control signals are reset when the load transient has ended.
US07701688B2
A structure for installing a lightning arrester between the cross arm mounted to the upper end of an electric pole and a power line is disclosed. A dead end clamp, the lightning arrester and an insulation reinforcing insulator are connected in series, an end of the insulation reinforcing insulator is connected to the cross arm by a shackle, a disconnector is connected to the voltage outlet portion of the lightning arrester, a grounding wire for diverting abnormal voltage to the ground is connected to the disconnector, and an insulation cover surrounds the dead end clamp and the voltage inlet portion of the lightning arrester.
US07701687B2
A surge protection circuit includes a first surge absorber and a first conducting wire. The first surge absorber has an end electrically connected to a first power signal line. The first conducting wire is covered with insulating material and electrically connected to the other end of the first surge absorber and a second power signal line. The first surge absorber absorbs energy of a surge signal in a short-circuit state when the surge signal flows through the first power signal line or the second power signal line. Afterwards, the first conducting wire which is connected to the first surge absorber in series is damaged by the energy of the surge signal to enter an interrupted state, thereby protecting a signal processing device which is electrically connected to the first power signal line and the second power signal line.
US07701684B2
A power supply apparatus connected via a bus line to another power supply apparatus includes a voltage generation circuit generating a voltage, an abnormality detection circuit detecting an abnormality of the power supply apparatus including the abnormality detection circuit and outputting an abnormality detection signal, an abnormality control circuit, and an interface circuit receiving the abnormality detection signal from the abnormality detection circuit to output the signal via the bus line to another power supply apparatus, and receiving the abnormality detection signal via the bus line from another power supply apparatus to output the signal, to the abnormality control circuit and the abnormality control circuit controlling the voltage generation circuit to stop generation of the voltage in a case where receiving the abnormality detection signal from the abnormality detection circuit or in a case where receiving the abnormality detection signal from the interface circuit.
US07701673B2
A gimbal design for a hard disk drive are disclosed. In one embodiment, a gimbal tongue is supported by a gimbal cross bar coupled to a suspension body by a pair of gimbal struts. A pair of grounding pads are mounted on either side of the leading edge of the gimbal tongue. A first limiter tab is coupled to the leading edge of the gimbal tongue and a second limiter tab is coupled to the trailing edge of the gimbal tongue. Notches on either side of the trailing edge limiter tab increase the strength of the tab. One or more cutouts allow the slider to be electrically coupled to bonding pads on the opposite side of the gimbal tongue. Angled slots at the juncture of the gimbal cross bar and the gimbal tongue relieve stress on the gimbal.
US07701667B2
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention provide a perpendicular recording medium with low noise and high recording density by reducing the effects from noise generated from the vicinity of the interface with the intermediate layer of the recording layer, in a perpendicular recording medium utilizing a granular recording layer containing oxygen or oxide additive in a cobalt-chromium alloy formed on an intermediate layer with a ruthenium or ruthenium alloy layer. A first recording layer and a second recording layer are formed in order on an intermediate layer of ruthenium or ruthenium alloy. The first recording layer and the second recording layer are comprised of cobalt as the main material in a granular structure containing chromium and oxygen. The saturation magnetization of the first recording layer is lower than the saturation magnetization of the second recording layer. When a first recording layer saturation magnetization is set as Ms1(emu per cubic centimeter), a second recording layer saturation magnetization is set as Ms2(emu per cubic centimeter), and the first recording layer film thickness is set to t1 (nm), then (Ms2−Ms1)×t1 will be larger than 0 (memu per square centimeter) and smaller than 0.15 (memu per square centimeter).
US07701666B2
A perpendicular magnetic recording (PMR) head with single or double coil layers has a small write shield stitched onto a main write shield. The stitched shield allows the main write pole to produce a vertical write field with sharp vertical gradients that is reduced on both sides of the write pole so that adjacent track erasures are eliminated. From a fabrication point of view, both the main pole and the stitched shield are defined and formed using a single photolithographic process, a trim mask and CMP lapping process so that the main shield can be stitched onto a self-aligned main pole and stitched shield.
US07701665B2
A thin film magnetic recording head is provided with a tape bearing surface that has magnetically isolated channels while still providing a maximum continuous surface area with which to engage the media. This can be accomplished by providing spaces in the magnetically permeable thin film that are large enough to prevent cross-talk between the channels, but small enough to prevent significant interference with the moving media. Alternatively, magnetically impermeable thin film spacers can be provided to magnetically isolate each of the channels. The spacers are generally even with the magnetically permeable thin film so as to provide a continuous media-bearing surface.
US07701663B2
A hard disk drive includes a base including a plurality of internal parts related to reading and writing of information. The hard disk drive also includes a cover which shields an upper surface of the base. The hard disk drive also includes a ground rib which provides at least a partial contact area between the upper surface of the base and a lower surface of the cover and which connects the base and cover at a predetermined position. The hard disk drive also includes a plurality of screws which couple the cover to the base by passing through the ground rib.
US07701654B2
An apparatus and method for controlling the common mode voltage across a data storage device write head. The write current is supplied by a first plurality of parallel current sources each independently activated to limit the common mode voltage generated across the write head. A plurality of parallel resistive elements responsive to current supplied by a second plurality of parallel current sources bias an output transistor that further controls the write current. Each of the plurality of parallel resistive elements and each of the second plurality of parallel current sources is also independently activated to limiting the common mode voltage generated across the write head.
US07701652B2
A mounting process/device for mounting and alignment of micro optical electro-mechanical systems (MOEMS) elements and/or devices. The mounting process/device can be obtained by attaching at least one optical element onto a mounting system, which contains an embedded optical element. The attached optical element(s) are aligned with respect to the embedded optical element.
US07701644B2
An optical element is disclosed. The optical element may include a container having a holding chamber, a polar or conductive first liquid filled in the holding chamber, a second liquid filled in the holding chamber and not mixing with the first liquid, first and second electrodes for applying an electric field to the first liquid, and voltage application means for applying voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode.
US07701633B2
A prism optical system including an optical low-pass filter disposed on an incident side of a luminous flux, and a prism arranged to perform a color separation to a plurality of color bands by an optical thin film, the prism optical system includes the optical low-pass filter disposed on an incident side of the prism, and at least two quarter-wave plates having a phase elimination function, and each disposed on one of an incident surface and an outgoing surface of the luminous flux of the optical low-pass filter. The prism optical system is configured to satisfy the following equation, |X1/X2|>0.7 where X1 is a phase elimination efficiency at 550 nm wavelength when the incident side quarter-wave plate is inserted between crossed nicols, and X2 is a phase elimination efficiency at 550 nm wavelength when the outgoing side quarter-wave plate is inserted between the crossed nicols.
US07701625B2
A system and method for accurately communicating color production printer color requirements include color selector software to display an interactive original document on a monitor. Tools enable navigating the displayed original document, tagging at least one critical color of the displayed document, and selection of a color tolerance in connection with each tagged critical color of the displayed document. Target builder software creates a master critical colors chart displaying only tagged critical colors for the original document, a master color aim chart, and a master color tolerance chart of critical colors and associated color tolerances identified in the displayed document. At least the critical colors chart and original document are printed. A printed master color aim chart and master color tolerance chart and customer printed charts are compared to the production end printed master critical colors chart for visually determining tolerances of customer printed charts.
US07701618B2
A method and apparatus for enhancing electronic images allows for improved characteristics between light areas and dark areas, and is particularly effective for backlit images. A transition between light and dark image portions is detected. A determination is made from an analysis of spectral distributions as to whether an image portion is backlit. Upon detection, image data is adjusted to lighten or darken image portions to allow for improved image viewing. Use of cumulative probability distribution data associated with an electronic image facilitates isolation of backlit image portions and object image portions.
US07701611B2
The present invention provides an image processing apparatus including: an image reading section for reading a document image; a particular image determining section for determining whether or not a particular image is included in image data read by the image reading section; an image processing section for processing the image data; and a resolution converting section for changing a resolution of the image data to be transferred to the particular image determining section, wherein the resolution converting section lowers a pixel frequency of the image data to be transmitted to the particular image determining section so as to perform simple processing. The lowered pixel frequency slows down processing speed of the image data and thereby improves determination accuracy.
US07701601B2
A portable terminal user uses a portable terminal so as to select data to be printed among data in a server as well as an MFP from which the data is to be printed out. The server creates authentication data and transmits the authentication data to the selected MFP. The MFP displays the authentication data. The portable terminal acquires the authentication data through picture taking, and transmits the acquired data to the server. The server compares the created authentication data with the data transmitted from the portable terminal. If they match, print data corresponding to the authentication data is transmitted to the MFP, whereby the MFP performs printing. With such a configuration, an image output system attaining excellent usability for the user and improved security can be provided.
US07701596B2
An image forming device includes a web server, and serves applets to a communicatively coupled computer. The applets execute on the computer, and control one or more operations and/or monitor one or more conditions or sensors in the image forming device. An applet may provide detailed instructions to the computer user as a diagnostic program executes on the image forming device. A list of available applets may be served to the computer, and one or more applets served in response to a user's selection from the list. A decision tree may be served, and one or more applets served as the user advances through the decision tree. Serving the diagnostic applets from the image forming device alleviates the need for a field repair technician to carry a large suite of diagnostic software to diagnose and repair a plurality of models, years, and configurations of image forming devices.
US07701595B2
Automatically determining the cost of a printed job on a digital printing press before the job is run. A job control component in the digital front end of the printing press collects and stores the processing information from the job processing components from prior runs. A job-reporting component displays the stored and estimated processing information and automatically computes and displays the estimated cost of the job. The method includes determining a future toner cost using a toner cost, a future press usage cost, and a substrate cost based on historical toner consumption and then rasterizing the job to determine the total job cost.
US07701587B2
An apparatus for sensing the position of an object includes an irradiation portion for irradiating the object with continuous electromagnetic radiation, a detection portion for detecting electromagnetic radiation reflected by the object, and an output portion for supplying a change in an amplitude intensity or a phase of the electromagnetic radiation based on information obtained by the detection portion. The position of the object is detected based on information supplied from the output portion.
US07701585B2
An optical tomograph which irradiates and scans a measuring light beam onto a measurement target at a predetermined scanning frequency, to obtain a tomographic image of the measurement target is provided. A depolarizing unit, for varying the polarization state of light beams input thereto at a frequency equivalent to or higher than the scanning frequency, such that the light beam output therefrom becomes depolarized when averaged over time, is provided in the optical path of at least one of the measuring light beam, a reference light beam, and a reflected light beam between a light source unit and a combining unit.
US07701584B2
A light path circuit apparatus suited for a small sized ring laser gyro, includes a base having a standard plane, one or more substrates laminated parallel against the standard plane in a direction orthogonal to the standard plane, a light source, wherein on the base and/or the one or more substrates, 3 or more reflective surfaces, having normal lines within a prescribed one plane orthogonal to the standard plane, are constituted parallel or with tilt by a prescribed angle to the standard plane, the light source is disposed to emit light within the prescribed one plane, and the light emitted from the light source circulates within the one plane in a forward and backward direction by three or more reflective surfaces and constitutes a light path circuit that laser oscillates.
US07701575B2
A fiber quality transducer includes an inlet mixing probe, a rotating valve sleeve, a camera and a sampling cell. Slurry from a pulp tube flow enters a mixing chamber in the inlet mixing probe. The amount of slurry entering the mixing chamber is controlled by the rotating valve sleeve. The sampling cell includes a first sampling lens and a second sampling lens retained in a sampling bore. The first and second sampling lens are spaced apart to form a sampling space to facilitate the flow of diluted slurry. The camera is retained behind the first sampling lens and a LED back light is retained behind the second sampling lens. The diluted slurry flows past the sampling space. The camera photographs the fibers in the diluted slurry flow. The images from the camera are sent to analyzing software, which determine the characteristics of the fibers in the diluted slurry.
US07701573B2
A system and method of correlating Raman measurements with digital images of a sample so as to classify the sample's disease state. A spectroscopic data set is obtained for the sample positioned in the field of view of a spectroscopic device. With the sample removed from the field of view, the sample is treated with a contrast enhancing agent. The treated sample is repositioned in the spectroscopic device's field of view and a digital image of the treated sample is obtained. The spectroscopic data set is linked with the digital image by defining a transformation to map the image spatial coordinates of the digital image to the spectral spatial coordinates of the spectroscopic data. For the spectroscopic data set of the sample, the database is searched to identify a spectroscopic data set, of a known sample having well characterized pathology, which matches the sample's spectroscopic data set.
US07701569B2
A dark field lighting testing device, for detecting a surface defect of an object having mirror surfaces, includes a cavity, the interior surface of which is made of a light-absorbing material; an opening arranged on a top of the cavity; a tape body arranged on the interior surface of the cavity; a plurality of lighting elements arranged on the tape body and electrically connected to each other; and a plate body arranged right above the opening of the cavity. During testing procedure, light emitted from each lighting element is incident upon the surface of the tested object, from which the diffusively reflected or refracted light forms an image on the surface of the plate body, thus a defect on the surface of the tested body and a position thereof being able to be detected.
US07701568B2
A pellet-shaped article inspection unit is structured for use with a conveyer mechanism having a plurality of carrier bars, each carrier bar being structured to convey a plurality of pellet-shaped articles along a predetermined path. The article inspection unit includes a first camera unit positioned adjacent a first side of the conveyer mechanism. The first camera unit is configured to sense a first predetermined characteristic, e.g., laser holes, of the plurality of pellet-shaped articles. A removal mechanism, downstream from the first camera unit, is structured to remove or maintain at least a selected one of the plurality of pellet-shaped articles from at least a selected one of the plurality of carrier bars depending on whether the first predetermined characteristic is sensed by the first camera unit. A laser unit may be provided to create unique holes in the pellet-shaped articles, e.g., those by a larger exposed surface to improve time-release characteristics of the pellet-shaped articles.
US07701564B2
Embodiments of the present invention include a method for measuring an angle between a first surface and a second surface of an object. The method includes rotating an object around a center axis of the object and shining a light source perpendicular to the center axis of the object. The method further includes measuring an intensity of a reflected light with respect to time and determining an angle between two or more surfaces of the object based on the intensity of the reflected light with respect to time.
US07701549B2
A method and apparatus to eliminate contaminants in a lithography process for fabrication of integrated circuit devices. The method includes depositing a photoresist material on surface of a semiconductor substrate. A purge gas flow is provided proximate to an optical element to prevent a vapor from the exposed photoresist material from coming into contact with the optical element. In one embodiment, the purge gas flows into a perforated and open ended enclosure in which the optical element is provided in the form of a lens. One open end of the enclosure is coupled to the lens and the other open end is positioned above the surface of the semiconductor substrate. Perforation of the enclosure facilitates movement of purge gas thereto, eliminating contact with the vapor from the developed resist and unwanted deposition of a solid contamination on the lens.
US07701545B2
The present invention provides a substrate for liquid crystal display devices in which a spacer for holding a thickness of a liquid crystal cell can be selectively located in a non-displaying area by techniques of using an ink-jet system and the like, particularly on a substrate for liquid crystal display devices provided with a projection for alignment regulation of a liquid crystal on its surface, a liquid crystal display panel using the substrate for liquid crystal display devices, a liquid crystal display device, and a method of producing the liquid crystal display panel. The substrate for liquid crystal display devices of the present invention is a substrate for liquid crystal display devices having a light-blocking area and a pixel area, including: a projection structure provided within a light-blocking area in a liquid crystal display device along a part of or all of patterns of the light-blocking area in the liquid crystal display device.
US07701541B2
A method of forming a storage capacitor in an IPS liquid crystal display device is proposed, and a technique of forming a pixel region having a high aperture ratio is provided. An anodic oxidation process at an applied voltage/voltage supply time ratio of 11 V/min is performed for insulating films used in each circuit of an electro-optical device, typically an IPS method LCD, in particular for the surface of a common electrode formed on a resin film. The amount of formation of the extra anodic oxide film can be reduced by covering with an anodic oxide film, and a liquid crystal display device with high reliability and having an electrode with superior adhesion can be manufactured.
US07701538B2
The liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate 1110a, a second substrate 1110b placed to face the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer 1120 interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The liquid crystal display device has a plurality of pixels each including a first electrode 1111 formed on the first substrate, a second electrode 1131 formed on the second substrate, and the liquid crystal layer interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The second electrode 1131 has at least one opening 1114 formed at a predetermined position in the pixel, the first substrate has a shading region in gaps between the plurality of pixels, and a wall structure 1115 is placed regularly on the surface of the first substrate facing the liquid crystal layer in the shading region. The liquid crystal layer has at least one liquid crystal domain having axisymmetric alignment formed when at least a predetermined voltage is applied, and the center axis of the axisymmetric alignment of the at least one liquid crystal domain is formed in or near the at least one opening.
US07701537B2
An optical diode. A cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) layer has a selective reflection wavelength band with a left-handed helical structure, and a phase shifter for changing a phase difference between two intrinsic polarized light components of left-handed circularly polarized light having a wavelength within the selective reflection wavelength band of the CLC layer. When left-handed circularly polarized light having a wavelength within the selective reflection wavelength band of the CLC layer is incident on the phase shifter in the optical diode, the phase shifter turns the left-handed circularly polarized light into right-handed circularly polarized light, which can be transmitted through the CLC layer. When left-handed circularly polarized light having a wavelength within the selective reflection wavelength band of the CLC layer is incident on the CLC layer, it is selectively reflected by the CLC layer.
US07701536B2
A liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display device incorporating the same are provided. The liquid crystal display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate and a liquid crystal layer. The first substrate includes a first base, a dielectric layer and a storage capacitor. The storage capacitor includes a reflective electrode. The dielectric layer covers at least part of the storage capacitor. The second substrate is substantially paralleled to the first substrate. The second substrate includes a second base, a black matrix and a common electrode. The black matrix corresponds to the storage capacitor. The black matrix includes an opening corresponding to the reflective electrode. The opening is provided to let an outside light enter into the liquid crystal display panel such that the reflective electrode reflects the outside light to provide a light source to the liquid crystal display panel.
US07701535B2
A reflective LCD device includes a reflective film having a convex and concave pattern, wherein the convex and concave pattern includes a plurality of pattern groups having a common pattern and each including a plurality of (N) figure elements. Each figure element is obtained by randomizing a corresponding figure element in a standard pattern including a plurality of standard figure elements. In the randomization, the discrete angle of bright spots generated by diffraction of the reflected incident light assumes 0.01 degrees or smaller. The discrete angle α of the bright spots is defined by: α=(λA/Ls×N)·(180/π) where λA and Ls are average wavelength of the incident light and pitch of the standard pattern, respectively.
US07701532B2
To provide a sight controllable display device that is capable of switching a regular display and a concealed display easily. A display panel and a modulator are disposed between two polarizing plates. The display panel performs a regular display drive. Meanwhile, the modulator drives to operate at a speed faster than twice the speed of the display panel and modulate the display image of the display panel. When displaying an image that is desired to be concealed, the period where the modulator is not in action is selected and viewed by a shutter. By stopping the action of the modulator, the regular display can be viewed as it is without the shutter.
US07701522B2
An active matrix liquid crystal display device 10 of the present invention includes: a plurality of signal lines Y1, . . . Ym and scanning lines X1, . . . Xn, Xn+1, Xn+2 which are arranged in a matrix state on a substrate; switching transistors 14 arranged near the intersection of each of the signal lines and the scanning lines; and pixel electrodes that are severally arranged in positions surrounded by the signal lines and the scanning lines and connected to the switching transistors, in which the pixel electrode is made up of a pixel electrode for display 12(25) that contributes to display, which is provided in an effective display region, and a dummy pixel electrode 27 that does not contribute to display, which is provided in a non-effective display region, and the dummy pixel electrode has a smaller area than the area of the pixel electrode for display and a plurality of the dummy pixel electrodes are parallelly provided for each signal line. Consequently, it is possible to provide an active matrix liquid crystal display device in which a large number of dummy pixel electrodes are provided without increasing the area of the non-effective display region and which is capable of dealing with multiple entries of static electricity from terminals.
US07701519B2
An imaging system 10 includes an image source providing an image having a resolution of X by Y pixels. The system also includes a digital mirror device 16 that includes an array of mirror elements. Each mirror element includes an edge that is not parallel to an edge of a neighboring mirror element. The array 16 includes fewer than X*Y mirror elements.
US07701516B2
A system or method selects among multiple tuners to tune a particular channel. A request is received to tune a first channel. In response to this request, a first tuner is assigned to tune the first channel. A request is received to tune a second channel. If the program tuned by the first tuner is not being recorded, the first tuner is assigned to tune the second channel. If the program tuned by the first tuner is being recorded, the second tuner is assigned to tune the second channel.
US07701515B2
A front end circuit for a television receiver includes a demultiplexer for inputting a multi-band signal from a signal source and separating the multi-band signal into corresponding bands. A plurality of amplifiers adjust gain on signals corresponding to the bands. A multiplexer combines outputs of the amplifiers into a gain-adjusted signal. A plurality of switches direct selected bands to corresponding tuners. The amplifiers are low noise amplifiers. The amplifiers adjust gain between the bands so as to have similar signal strength in the bands. A cable TV input may also be used, wherein the switches also direct signals from the cable TV to the corresponding tuners. Each amplifier can output two (or more) identical signals for its corresponding band, the multiplexer can be a dual multiplexer, and an output of the multiplexer includes only bands selected for direction to the tuners. The signal source comprises any of a broadcast channel received from an antenna, a cable TV channel received from a cable line, and a combination of the two.
US07701513B2
A video processing apparatus including a memory to store a plurality of character strings corresponding a plurality of channels in predetermined sequence, a display part to display the character string to be superposed on a picture of the corresponding channel, a signal receiver to receive a forward or backward change signal for the character string in accordance with selection of a user, and a channel selection controller to control the display part to display a character string previously or next to the character string of the channel being currently displayed such that the previous or next character string is superposed on the picture of the corresponding channel, when the signal receiver receives the forward or backward change signal for the character string. Thus, a user can easily and quickly select a desired channel from among a plurality of channels. Also, a user can select a desired channel through simple, convenient and small user interface.
US07701505B2
An image-taking apparatus includes a chassis which is disposed inside an outer package member of the image-taking apparatus and is a structural body of the image-taking apparatus, an image-pickup device which photoelectrically converts an object image, a first circuit which processes output signals from the image-pickup device, and a second circuit which generates an electromagnetic wave. Herein, the first circuit is disposed on the opposite side of the second circuit with respect to the chassis.
US07701504B2
In order to make it possible to perform the starting or the changing of photographing, recording and reproducing modes easily and to eliminate walls between the modes, an image pickup apparatus includes a first mode for recording a photographed image on a record medium as an image file, a second mode for reproducing the image file, and an operation member which can switch to each mode by different operation methods, wherein the operation member returns to its original state after the performance of an operation.
US07701502B2
An image sensor includes: three or more photoelectric conversion devices; and a storage control circuit that controls storage operations at the photoelectric conversion devices, and the storage control circuit commonly controls the storage operations at two or more photoelectric conversion devices that are not disposed directly next to one another among the photoelectric conversion devices.
US07701499B2
The present invention is an electronic imaging device and method of expanding its dynamic range. The invention comprises modifying the imaging device by providing a comparator and reset trigger circuit located at or near the site of each of the pixels. The comparator triggers a reset mechanism when the voltage in the charged pixel reaches a reference voltage. During the global exposure time each individual pixel can be self-reset several times, depending on the intensity of the radiation incident upon it. At the end of the global exposure time, each pixel contains only the “residual value” of voltage that remains from the last individual self-reset to the end of the global integration time. An algorithm is implemented, which estimates and determines the number of resets undergone by each pixel during the global exposure time. From this number of resets the algorithm is able to reconstruct the true image. As opposed to prior art methods that make use of pixel reset the device of the invention does not contain electronic components for counting and remembering the number of times that each of the pixels was reset.
US07701495B2
An image capture device capable of capturing high quality images is disclosed. The image capture device comprises a shift register, each pixel of which has a plurality of transfer electrodes extending in a direction crossing a transfer direction of information charges. A potential well formed by function of the transfer electrodes is used to store and transfer information charges generated in response to light incident on a pixel. In this image capture device, during image capture, information charges are stored in a plurality of potential wells substantially separated from each other, and, during transfer, information charges stored in at least two of the plurality of potential wells are combined by addition to be transferred.
US07701492B2
To provide an image-capturing apparatus and an image-capturing method which keeps, even when an object or a photographer moves, the object-missing capturing to a minimum and which allows recording for a longer period of time. The image-capturing apparatus (100) includes: a focal length calculating unit (103) which calculates the focal length of the multifocal optical lens so that the zoom factor becomes smaller than a set zoom factor when movement is detected, and calculates the focal length so that the zoom factor becomes equivalent to the set zoom factor when movement is not detected; a recording media unit (108) for storing a captured image and the zoom factor along with time; a frame area setting unit (111) which sets, according to the zoom factor, a frame ICF to be clipped out of the captured image that is an output from the pickup device unit (104); an electronic zoom processing unit (112) which generates, through electronic zoom, a framing image (IDF) from the frame area (ICF); and a framing image display unit (113) which displays the framing image (IDF).
US07701490B2
A network configuration file is generated at a host computer and downloaded to a digital camera. This file contains instruction information for communicating with a selected destination via a communications interface. The digital camera includes a “send” button or LCD icon which allows the user to easily transmit one or more images via a wired or wireless communications interface to a desired destination, which among other possibilities may be an Internet Service Provider or a digital photofinishing center. When the user selects this option, the communications port settings, user account specifics, and destination connection commands are read from the network configuration file on the removable memory card. Examples of these settings include serial port baud rate, parity, and stop bits, as well as account name and password.
US07701488B2
A system is used to remotely control camera positioning. A transformation model is used. By in putting image coordinates of the monitored position form camera, the object coordinates is obtained and displayed on a digital map. By inputting object coordinates on a digital map, image coordinates for the camera is obtained. After transferring parameters for camera positioning, the camera is moved to a desired position for monitoring an area and taking a photo.
US07701487B2
Capturing motion comprising: generating a time reference; substantially synchronizing a plurality of motion capture cameras to the time reference; transmitting a multicast signal including information derived from the time reference to enable at least one device used in motion capture to operate synchronously with the plurality of motion capture cameras.
US07701486B2
An image capturing device, including an rectangular image capturing element having long sides and short sides; an image capturing optical system forming an image of a subject on the rectangular image capturing element; a first driving device which moves the rectangular image capturing element in a first direction slanted by a predetermined angle from the long side and the short side of an outer shape of the rectangular image capturing element in a plane perpendicular to an optical axis of the image capturing optical system; and a second driving device which moves the rectangular image capturing element in a second direction slanted by a predetermined angle from the long side and the short side of the outer shape of the rectangular image capturing element in the plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the image capturing optical system, but the second direction differs from the first direction.
US07701484B2
Prior to a photographing operation, an image blur quantity indicating the extent to which the image becomes blurred during the photographing operation is calculated based upon an image-capturing sensitivity having been set, and a decision is made as to whether or not the image-capturing sensitivity needs to be adjusted based upon the calculated image blur quantity. If it is decided that the sensitivity level needs to be adjusted, the image-capturing sensitivity is adjusted and the photographing operation is executed at the shutter speed calculated based upon the adjusted image-capturing sensitivity.
US07701483B1
This invention has as its object to provide an image input system which is easy to use. To achieve this object, an image input system has an image input device (camera) having a plurality of operation modes, and a computer having a plurality of software programs corresponding to the plurality of operation modes, and when the image input device is connected to the computer, when a power supply of the image input device is turned on after the image input device is connected to the computer, or when the image input device is switched to another operation mode while the image input device is connected to the computer, the software program corresponding to the operation mode of the image input device is automatically started.
US07701481B2
A video magnifier includes a body including a base, a table on which an object to be read is placed, the table being disposed on the base, a video camera disposed over the table, an illumination lamp illuminating the object placed on the table and a pointer irradiating a part of the object photographed by the video camera, and a monitor television displaying a video image delivered from the video camera. In the video magnifier, in synchronization with irradiation of the photographed part of the object by the pointer, an illuminance of the illumination lamp is rendered lower than an illuminance of the pointer.
US07701473B2
A method and apparatus for gamma correction and a flat panel display using the same. Weighted values corresponding to red, green and blue of an image signal are respectively evaluated to determine the dominant color in the image signal, and a Gamma correction based on the dominant color is then performed, thereby obtaining displaying quality similar with that obtained by independently performing red, green, or blue Gamma correction.
US07701472B2
A display controller comprising: an image data input interface; a first image processing section for a first processing operation including at least a turning operation to turn an orientation of an image of the image data with a first turning angle or a mirror image reversing operation; a second image processing section for a second processing operation including at least a turning operation to turn an orientation of an image of the image data with a second turning angle or a mirror image reversing operation; an image data compressing section compressing the image data after the first processing operation; a memory for the compressed data where the image data, after the compressing operation, are stored; a host interface to/from which the imaged data stored in the memory are input and output; and a display driver interface outputting the image data, after the second processing operation, to the display driver.
US07701468B2
A method to separately assign and modify multiple attributes of information and structure to an individual block or to a larger unitary whole comprised of multiple blocks is disclosed. A number of block instances of a block is determined. Each block instance is associated with one or more structure attributes. A number of data elements is determined. Each data element is associated with one or more information attributes. The data elements are mapped to the block instances. The mapped block instances are displayed contiguously.
US07701467B2
A character display apparatus of the present invention is a character display apparatus for displaying a character on a screen based on stroke data containing character information, comprising a control section for setting a color element level for a subpixel overlapping a basic portion of the character, based on both or either a distance between a center of the subpixel and at least one dot contained in a stroke or a line width set for the stroke. According to the present invention, the resolution of subpixels can be apparently improved and the line width of a character can be freely changed without a large amount of working memory.
US07701460B2
Embodiments of graphics systems and methods are disclosed. In one method embodiment, among others, a graphics method comprises receiving a first command having a first screen region, receiving a second command having a second screen region, and replacing the first command and the second command with a single command having one of the first screen region and the second screen region if the first screen region encompasses the second screen region or the second screen region encompasses the first screen region, respectively.
US07701454B2
A field emission display apparatus including a field emission display panel and a driving device for the field emission display panel. The driving device includes a power supply unit, the power supply unit including an abnormal current detection unit and a discharge circuit. The abnormal current detection unit generates an arc-current detection signal when the value of a current flowing between a negative anode voltage terminal of the field emission display panel and a common ground line is larger than an upper limit. The discharge circuit generates a short circuit between an anode plate of the field emission display panel and the negative anode voltage terminal when the arc-current detection signal is generated from the abnormal current detection unit.
US07701453B2
A driving device includes a plurality of transmitters. Each transmitter includes a first current source, a second current source, a third current source, a fourth current source, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, a fifth switch, and a sixth switch. The first and the fourth switches are controlled by a first control signal. The second and the third switches are controlled by a second control signal. The second switch is coupled to the first switch. The third switch is coupled to the first current source. The fourth switch is coupled to the third switch and the second current source. The fifth and the sixth switches are controlled respectively by a third and a fourth control signal. The fifth switch is coupled to the third current source and the first switch. The sixth switch is coupled to the second switch and the fourth current source.
US07701452B2
An image display apparatus for displaying an image produced by image signals on a display section includes: a plurality of input terminals for receiving each of the image signals supplied from a plurality of input sources; an input selector for selecting a predetermined input terminal from the plural input terminals; a judging section for determining whether the image signals have been inputted to the input terminal selected by the input selector; an operating section which receives requirement of search processing for determining whether the image signals have been inputted to each of the plural input terminals; an image signal correcting section which generates image signals for producing a source search screen indicating search status for each of the input source names corresponding to the input terminals; and a control section for displaying an image of the source search screen produced by the image signals at least on the display section in response to search processing executed through the operation section. The control section commands the input selector to sequentially select the input terminals when the search processing is required through the operation section, and commands the judging section to check the presence or absence of the image signals for each of the selected input terminals. The control section commands the image signal correcting section to add an indication that the image signals have not been inputted to any of the checked input terminals when the image signals have not been inputted thereto. The control section commands the image signal correcting section to close the source search screen when it is determined that the image signals have been inputted to any of the input terminals, and commands the display section to display an image produced by the image signals from the input terminal from which the image signals have been detected.
US07701450B2
A method of scanning lines in a display, a device for scanning lines and a portable electronic device including such a device scan lines consecutively for a set of scanning cycles and vary the selection of subfield from line to line in each scanning cycle such that subfields are selected in a consecutive order from line to line, no two consecutive line scans use the same subfield and no line is scanned using the same subfield twice during the set of scanning cycles.
US07701439B2
A gesture recognition simulation system and method is provided. In one embodiment, a gesture recognition simulation system includes a three-dimensional display system that displays a three-dimensional image of at least one simulated object having at least one functional component. A gesture recognition interface system is configured to receive an input gesture associated with a sensorless input object from a user. The gesture recognition simulation system further comprises a simulation application controller configured to match a given input gesture with a predefined action associated with the at least one functional component. The simulation application controller could invoke the three dimensional display system to display a simulated action on at least a portion of the at least one simulated object associated an input gesture and a predefined action match.
US07701436B2
A method for driving an electrophoretic device that includes an electrophoretic element between a common electrode and a pixel electrode, the electrophoretic element including electrophoretic particles, the method including applying voltages on the common electrode and the pixel electrode, thereby conducting an image rewrite process, wherein the image rewrite process includes a first reset period process, during which a voltage-equivalent of a first gradation, which has a higher level of brightness than an intermediate gradation, is applied between the common electrode and the pixel electrode, thereby causing electrophoretic particles to migrate; and a second reset period process, during which a voltage-equivalent of a third gradation which is between a second gradation and the first gradation is applied between the common electrode and the pixel electrode, the second gradation being at a lower level of brightness than the intermediate gradation, thereby causing the electrophoretic particles to migrate.
US07701433B2
A display device includes a plurality of pixels and drive circuits which drive the plurality of pixels, wherein each drive circuit includes a first input/output terminal, a second input/output terminal, a scanning-direction changeover terminal, and a position designation terminal. In response to a voltage applied to the position designation terminal and a scanning-direction control signal applied to the scanning-direction changeover terminal, the scanning direction is switchable between the first scanning direction which acquires a start pulse from the first input/output terminal and outputs the start pulse from the second input/output terminal and the second scanning direction which acquires the start pulse from the second input/output terminal and outputs the start pulse from the first input/output terminal.
US07701431B2
A display device having gate signal lines, a scanning signal driving circuit which supplies scanning signals to respective gate signal lines, drain signal lines, and a video signal driving circuit which supplies video signals to respective drain signal lines formed on one surface of an insulating substrate. The display device includes a first thin film transistor which is driven by the scanning signals, a pixel electrode to which the video signals are supplied through the first thin film transistor in each pixel region. The video signal driving circuit includes a dynamic memory which is comprised of a plurality of other thin film transistors formed in parallel with the first thin film transistor, and at least one thin film transistor among the plurality of other thin film transistors is covered with a conductive film having a potential which is fixed through an insulation film.
US07701414B2
A plasma display panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other with discharge cells therebetween, first and second display electrodes formed to extend along a first direction and between the first and second substrates to correspond to the discharge cells, the first and second display electrodes facing each other with a space therebetween to expand in a third direction from the first substrate to the second substrate; and first and second address electrodes formed to extend along a second direction intersecting the first direction, between the first and second substrates, and separated from each other in the third direction.
US07701413B2
The present invention relates to a plasma display apparatus and driving method thereof. According to the present invention, the plasma display apparatus includes a plasma display panel in which scan electrodes and sustain electrodes are formed, and a scan driving unit that applies a scan voltage and a sustain voltage whose absolute values are the same to the scan electrodes, wherein the sustain electrodes are kept to the ground.
US07701412B2
A scalable laser scanning angle apparatus and method of scaling a scanning angle using MEMS devices and elliptical mirrors includes disposing a first scanner at one focal point of an elliptical mirror and scanning the emitted light beam in a first direction at a first scanning angle toward a concave surface of the elliptical mirror such that the scanned light beam is directed toward the second focal point of the elliptical mirror, and scanning the light beam from the concave surface of the elliptical mirror in a second direction at a second scanning angle using a second scanner, wherein the second scanner outputs the light beam across a system scanning angle which corresponds to a combination of the first scanning angle and the second scanning angle. The scanning angle is scalable by repeatedly scanning the light beam at corresponding focal points of a predetermined number of elliptical mirrors, wherein the total scanning angle is scaled by a multiple of a number of times the light beam is scanned.
US07701409B2
An antenna for providing radiation pattern control contains an antenna housing having a plurality of reflective wings and at least one linear element located above the reflective wings. The antenna also contains a radiation element situated within the antenna housing so as to allow the antenna housing to control a pattern of radiation emitted by the radiation element.
US07701403B2
A wall element for emitting high-frequency radiation for an aircraft comprises an antenna device. The antenna device is adapted for emitting high frequency radiation. Furthermore, the antenna device is integrated in the wall element.
US07701401B2
An antenna device provided in a radio apparatus having a printed circuit board includes a first antenna element and a second antenna element. The first antenna element is configured to be fed and grounded at a first feed portion and at a first short-circuit portion both on the printed circuit board, respectively. The second antenna element is configured to be fed and grounded at a second feed portion and at a second short-circuit portion both on the printed circuit board, respectively. The second feed portion is located farther from the first feed portion than from the first short-circuit portion, farther than the first short-circuit portion is from the first feed portion, farther from the first short-circuit portion than from the second short-circuit portion, and farther than the second short-circuit portion is from the first short-circuit portion.
US07701392B2
Disclosed is an antenna system, including: an antenna which can switch directivity thereof when receiving an analog television broadcasting signal; a switching section to switch the directivity of the antenna; a measurement section to measure radio wave quality of the analog television broadcasting signal received by the antenna by analyzing the analog television broadcasting signal when the directivity of the antenna is switched by the switching section; a storage section to store data of radio wave quality in different directions measured by the measurement section for each channel; and a control section to control the switching section to switch the directivity of the antenna to one direction having a highest radio wave quality among the different directions corresponding to a desired channel when the desired channel is designated.
US07701389B2
A method and apparatus for determining time-of-day in a mobile receiver is described. In one example, expected pseudoranges to a plurality of satellites are obtained. The expected pseudoranges are based on an initial position of the mobile receiver and an initial time-of-day. Expected line-of-sight data to said plurality of satellites is also obtained. Pseudoranges from said mobile receiver to said plurality of satellites are measured. Update data for the initial time-of-day is computed using a mathematical model relating the pseudoranges, the expected pseudoranges, and the expected line-of-sight data. The expected pseudoranges and the expected line-of-sight data may be obtained from acquisition assistance data transmitted to the mobile receiver by a server. Alternatively, the expected pseudoranges may be obtained from acquisition assistance data, and the expected line-of-sight data may be computed by the mobile receiver using stored satellite trajectory data, such as almanac data.
US07701386B2
Generation of electromagnetic or other waves of any frequency, coherence, modulation, power, etc. and for scaling such waves in frequency by any factor. Generation is achieved by incorporating an available source of desired coherence, modulation and power properties at some band of frequencies and scaling to the desired frequencies. For scaling, a continuously varied frequency selection mechanism, which results in source-distance dependent frequency scaling as described in copending applications titled “Passive distance measurement using spectral phase gradients” and “Distance-dependent spectra with uniform sampling spectrometry”, is combined with a means of determination, or prior knowledge, of the source distance. This distance, from the source to the frequency scaling mechanism, may be shortened with a refractive or dispersive medium, or varied for fine tuning of the frequency scale factor, and this variation may be effected via electrooptic or magnetooptic properties of the medium.
US07701384B2
An antenna for a micro air vehicle (MAV) takes the form of a wrap-around antenna (e.g., wrapped around a portion of the MAV) that selectively emits radio signals in different directions depending on a frequency selected by a radio altimeter in the MAV. The radar altimeter may be a pulsed or a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar altimeter. The wrap-around antenna includes groups of radiating elements in which at least each group includes an average height that is different from an average height of an adjacent group. Further, the average height of the group determines which group will emit the signals most efficiently so that a desired sector of space may be covered by the signals emitted from the antenna. In one example, the center frequency of the radar altimeter may be controlled in a deterministic manner to cause the radiating elements to successively cover desired sectors of space.
US07701380B2
Phase modulated beam patterns are substituted for the constant-phase versions that have been used in prior synthetic aperture systems. Relative movement between a radar/sonar/ultrasound platform and a point target causes a sequence of echoes from the point target to be phase and amplitude modulated by the beam pattern, as well as by the usual quadratic phase variation caused by range changes. Azimuth, range rate, and azimuth rate estimation, as well as detection in clutter, are substantially improved by appropriate beam pattern phase modulation, which is applied to the transmitter and/or receiver beam patterns. Phase modulated beam patterns are synthesized with array element weighting functions that are designed for high ambiguity function peak-to-sidelobe level, reduction of unwanted ambiguity ridge lines, and adequate spatial sampling. Two dimensional beam pattern phase modulation is useful when the relative motion between a transmit-receive array and multiple targets has both azimuth and elevation components.
US07701367B2
A computer-implemented method to decode a digital signal includes following steps. A micro control unit (MCU) receives a digital signal. The MCU reads a low voltage period of the digital signal and stores a time duration of the low voltage period into a first register as a value TL. The MCU reads next high voltage period of the digital signal and stores a time duration of the high voltage period into a second register as a value TH. The MCU reads the value TL of the first register and the value TH of the second register, and computes a ratio TR=TH/TL. The MCU compares the ratio TR with two predetermined values M and N, if TR=M, the decoded result is a logical “1.” If TR=N, the decoded result is a logical “0.”
US07701362B2
A system for optically detecting an object comprises a light source associated with the object and operated to produce a temporal pattern of emissions and a detector, synchronized to the operation of the light source by signals from a global positioning system, to identify light emissions according to the temporal pattern.
US07701343B2
A security device detaches a combination electronic article surveillance (EAS) and radio frequency identification (RFID) tag (EAS/RFID tag), and includes a detacher (magnet) to selectively disengage a clutch release disposed in a first portion of the combination EAS/RFID tag, a near field circular microstrip antenna configured to electronically read information stored in a second portion of the combination EAS/RFID tag. The antenna encircles the detacher and reads information from the second portion of the combination EAS/RFID tag at a position relative to the detacher when the second portion of the tag is disposed at any angle relative to the detacher and only when the detacher is positioned to disengage the clutch release. As long as the portion of the EAS/RFID tag containing the clutch end mechanism is located over the detaching magnet, the RFID label is in a valid detection zone regardless of its orientation relative to the antenna.
US07701342B2
A navigation system and method are applied in a predetermined space in which a plurality of control points is defined. The navigation method comprises the steps of: installing a plurality of control point RFID tags near the entrance to every control point-controlled lane, wherein each control point RFID tag is stored with data thereof; reading the data stored in the RFID tags; determining, in light of the read data, a direction or a distance one should preferably go from a current location; and indicating the determined direction or the determined distance, using an indicating device.
US07701338B2
An occupant detection system for detecting an occupant on a seat of a vehicle includes an antenna electrode in a seat bottom of the seat, and an electronic unit connected to the antenna electrode and the vehicle. The electronic unit applies a load current to the antenna electrode so as to generate a weak electric field, and detects a potential current passing through the antenna electrode. The electronic unit detects an occupant based on an impedance and a phase difference, which are based on the load current and the potential current.
US07701334B1
The present invention is a method for real-time location monitoring of a sterilizable object. The method includes tracking a location of a sterilizable object bearing a tag using a mesh network. The tag preferably includes a sealed housing, means for detecting a sterilization event and means for transmitting data concerning the sterilization event. The method also includes detecting a sterilization event. The method also includes transmitting a signal that the sterilization event has been detected by the tag.
US07701333B2
A mobile terminal including an output unit configured to output an alarm, a memory configured to store an expandable alarm-integrated database, and a controller configured to expand the alarm-integrated database to include alarm information corresponding to an alarm feature of content added after the mobile terminal was manufactured.
US07701320B2
A ferrite core includes an end face portion, a pair of outer legs protruding from the end face portion, and a center leg protruding from the end face portion between the pair of outer legs. A width W1 close to one end portion of the center leg in a Y-axis direction perpendicular to a facing direction of the outer legs is smaller than a width W2 close to the other end portion. According to this configuration, a circuit component may be positioned close to the end portion. A transformer includes the ferrite core.
US07701318B2
An ignition coil for an internal combustion engine includes: an iron core; a primary coil wound around the iron core via a primary bobbin; a secondary coil provided to externally surround the primary coil; a ground terminal fitting placed with a part thereof being held between the primary bobbin and the iron core; and a resin-molded portion provided to cover the primary coil and the secondary coil, a ground side terminal portion of the primary coil being connected to the ground terminal fitting, wherein at least one protrusion is formed in the part of the ground terminal fitting held between the primary bobbin and the iron core, and the protrusion has a pointed tip that is brought into contact with the iron core.
US07701311B2
One of plurality of transmission terminals connected to a transmission filter and a receiving terminal connected to a receiving filter is a balanced type terminal, and another is an unbalanced type terminal. The transmission filter and the receiving filter includes surface acoustic wave resonators or film bulk acoustic resonators. The balanced type terminal is connected to a longitudinal mode coupled surface acoustic wave filter.
US07701307B2
In a particular embodiment, a circuit device includes a pulse edge control circuit to receive at least one pulse-width modulated (PWM) signal from a PWM source. The pulse edge control circuit is adapted to selectively invert and swap the at least one PWM signal with a logic-inverted duty-cycle complement of the at least one PWM signal at discrete time intervals to produce at least one modulated PWM signal having a changed power spectrum. The pulse edge control circuit provides the at least one modulated PWM signal to at least one output of the pulse edge control circuit.
US07701304B2
A voltage controlled oscillator has a reference voltage generation section for generating a plurality of reference voltage based on a power supply voltage. Reference voltages Vref1, Vref2, and Vref3 are inputted to variable capacitance circuits A, B, and C, respectively. Reference voltages Vref1, Vref2, and Vref3 each has a fixed value, and a difference between the first reference voltage Vref1 and the second reference voltage Vref2 and a difference between the second reference voltage Vref2 and the third reference voltage Vref3 represent values different from each other. A control voltage Vt for feedback-controlling an oscillation frequency is inputted to each of the other of the terminals of the variable capacitance element of each of the n variable capacitance circuits such that the control voltage Vt having the same value is inputted to the each of the other of the terminals.
US07701291B2
A variable bias current is provided for the differential pair of an operational transconductance amplifier to improve the gain performance, especially to overcome the slew rate limit of the operational transconductance amplifier. The bias current is adjusted according to the differential input to the differential pair, the difference between the currents of the differential pair, or any one of the currents of the differential pair.
US07701287B2
The present invention discloses a voltage detection type overcurrent protection device, which applies to the output stage of a CMOS Class-D audio amplifier. Generally, a Class-D audio amplifier is used to drive a high-load loudspeaker; therefore, it needs a high-current driver. When there is a short circuit in the load, the high current will burn out the driver stage. The present invention detects the output voltage to indirectly monitor whether the output current is too large. Once an overcurrent is detected, the output-stage transistor is turned off to stop high current lest the circuit be burned out.
US07701286B2
A broadband multibit digital radio-frequency (RF) signal is synthesized digitally. to convert the digital signal to a high-power analog signal for RF transmission. Each bit (or cluster of bits) of the digital signal is first separately amplified using a fast switching amplifier with a controlled dc power supply voltage. The DC voltages are weighted to match the significance of the bits, and controlled by a set of calibrated DC reference sources to maintain high precision. The amplified digital signals from the various bits are then combined and passed through an appropriate analog filter to generate the RF signal to be transmitted. Such a signal can exhibit broad bandwidth, high dynamic range, excellent linearity, and low noise. Preferred embodiments of this system can incorporate superconducting electronic elements. For ultimate precision, a set of primary or secondary DC voltage standards can be used to regulate the switching amplifier supply voltages.
US07701285B2
Systems and methods are described for improving the startup linearization of a power amplifier. A bias network is provided to generate a bias signal during amplifier startup, and the amplifier is configured to produce an output signal in response to the input signal and the bias signal. A variable impedance is provided to couple the input signal and the output signal in parallel with the amplifier. A controller is configured to apply a weighting function to the variable impedance over at least a startup phase of the amplifier system. By applying a non-linear or other weighting function to the variable impedance during startup, the gain of the amplifier can be controlled to thereby extend a time period over which the output power of the amplifier increases in a generally linear manner toward an operating level.
US07701277B2
Embodiments of the present invention provide a system that controls noise in a power system that includes a power rail and a ground rail. The system includes a MOS transistor coupled in series with a decoupling capacitor between the power rail and the ground rail and an inductive packaging connection coupled to the power rail in parallel with the MOS transistor and the decoupling capacitor. The combination of MOS transistor, decoupling capacitor, and inductive packaging connection form a resonant circuit. During operation, the system determines if there is noise in a Vdd signal on the power rail. Based on the noise present in the Vdd signal, the system adjusts the impedance of the MOS transistor to reduce the noise in a frequency range near a frequency of interest (ωinterest) of the resonant circuit without causing an unnecessary increase in switching noise at other frequencies.
US07701275B2
A time limiter protects a light emitting diode coupled to an output of a current driver by preventing the light emitting diode from working overtime under a high current and from being overheated and burnt down, no matter whether a pulse width of an input pulse is larger or shorter than a delay time of the time limiter. The input pulse may be a periodic continuous input pulse, or a continuously-enabled pulse generated from a run-time error of software or hardware. The time limiter should be coupled with a discharging circuit for discharging the capacitor in the RC circuit while a periodic continuous input pulse was inputted, to keep the precise original pulse period and pulse width of the enabling signal to be outputted, and to prevent the time limiter from malfunctioning.
US07701262B2
A transmission line driver and a serial interface data transmission device including the same are provided. The transmission line driver includes a pre-driver configured to generate and output differential input data signals based on a serial transmission data signal, a differential amplifier configured to receive the differential input data signals and to output differential output data signals, and a common mode controller configured to drive the differential output data signals to a predetermined common mode voltage in an idle mode. Accordingly, power consumption can be reduced and a common mode specification can be supported.
US07701260B1
Phase-to-sinusoid conversion and method for direct digital synthesis are described. At least one quadrant of values for a sinusoidal signal are real-to-finite bit resolution mapped to provide preconditioned values which are on average shifted down by half of a LSB position. The at least one quadrant of preconditioned values are stored in a lookup table. MSBs of a phase-accumulated signal are used as an address for accessing from the lookup table a sinusoid value. At least a logic 1 is added as an LSB to an interim output associated with the sinusoid value to provide an adjusted sinusoid value having a bit width greater than that of the sinusoid value to provide a digitally synthesized sinusoidal value.
US07701259B2
Aspects of a method and system for wide range amplitude detection are provided. In this regard, many electronic systems may require amplitude detection of a variety of signals with widely varying amplitudes. Aspects of the invention may comprise suitable logic, circuitry, and/or code to perform amplitude detection and may be easily configured to accommodate a wide range of amplitudes. In this regard, the configuration of the amplitude detector may be performed via simple design changes and/or may be dynamically configured by suitable logic, circuitry, and/or code. Accordingly, multiplexing a single instance of the wide range amplitude detector and/or multiplexing multiple instances of the wide range amplitude detector may result in reduced design time, reduced circuit size, and/or reduced cost.
US07701258B2
A latch includes: an amplifying circuit, for receiving a first bias current in a first state for amplifying an input signal to generate an amplified signal; a latching unit, for latching the amplified signal and receiving a second bias current in a second state to output the amplified signal; and a biasing circuit, for providing a biasing current to the amplifying circuit, and providing the second biasing current to the latching unit. The biasing circuit includes: a first biasing module for providing a third biasing circuit to the amplifying circuit in the first state; and a second biasing module, for providing a fourth biasing current to the amplified circuit; wherein the first biasing circuit is equal to a sum of the third biasing current and the fourth biasing current.
US07701256B2
A signal conditioning circuit for a latching comparator comprising first and second transistors arranged in a long tail pair, the long tail pair having an active load and configured to act as an integrator.
US07701245B1
A method and apparatus is provided that facilitates low-power consumption during a suspend mode of operation of an integrated circuit (IC), while substantially eliminating current paths within the IC that may be created should any of the power supplies be deactivated during the suspend mode. Deactivation of one or more power supplies during a normal mode of operation is also facilitated, whereby current paths created by the deactivated power supplies are also eliminated. Voltage bias circuitry is added to certain voltage regulators within the IC, so as to maintain those voltage regulators inactive due to a drop in voltage magnitude that is sensed when one or more power supplies are disabled. In addition, a well bias circuit is employed to maintain the substrate bias potential of certain devices within the voltage regulators and associated amplifiers to a fixed potential depending upon the operational mode of the IC.
US07701244B2
An integrated circuit assembly and associated method of detecting microchip tampering may include multiple connections in electrical communication with a conductive layer. Defensive circuitry may inhibit analysis of the microchip where a connection no longer connects to the conductive layer. The defensive circuitry may similarly be initiated where a connection unintended to be in electrical communication with the conductive layer is nonetheless connected.
US07701238B2
In one embodiment, the present invention includes a burn-socket for insertion into a test board, where the burn-in socket is coupled to receive a semiconductor device under test (DUT). The burn-in socket includes a substrate to support the semiconductor DUT, which includes a heating element embedded in a layer of the substrate. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
US07701237B2
According to one embodiment of the invention, a semiconductor chip includes: a test target circuit to which a given burn-in stress is applied; and a burn-in counter that is configured: to acquire a first parameter indicating a test voltage applied to the test target circuit and a second parameter indicating a temperature of the test target circuit; to estimate the given burn-in stress from the first parameter and the second parameter; and to output burn-in stress information corresponding to the estimated burn-in stress.
US07701227B2
An EIT system includes a plurality of voltage sources for supplying a corresponding plurality of voltages to a corresponding number of other structures, voltage source calibration means for calibrating each voltage source, and switching means for individually connecting the calibration means to each voltage source in succession during a period when each other structure is in an inactive condition. Calibrating respective voltages and currents for each voltage source compensates for shunt impedance of each voltage source. A method for calibrating the system includes individually connecting the calibration means to each voltage source in succession during a period when each other structure is in an inactive condition for calibrating all of said voltage sources in the same way.
US07701225B2
A dielectric strength test method of a superconducting cable that can evaluate the insulation characteristic of a superconducting cable in a state in which a refrigerant is filled without filling a refrigerant is provided.A tested superconducting cable is filled with gas in place of a refrigerant and a regular dielectric strength test is conducted at room temperature. Preferably, a preliminary dielectric strength test is conducted prior to the regular dielectric strength test. In the preliminary dielectric strength test, a first reference superconducting cable filled with a refrigerant at a predetermined pressure and a second reference superconducting cable filled with gas in place of a refrigerant at a predetermined pressure are provided. The preliminary dielectric strength test is conducted for the first reference superconducting cable at refrigerant temperature and the second reference superconducting cable at room temperature to find the correlation between the dielectric strength characteristics of the cables. At the time, the test voltage is determined based on the dielectric strength characteristic of the second reference superconducting cable. The regular dielectric strength test is conducted at the test voltage.
US07701223B2
A method for contact-free testing of antennas applied to a material web, wherein the material web having the antennas is passed to a measurement device. The antennas are passed past an assigned measurement antenna arrangement of the measurement device in the region of the measurement device and the measurement antenna arrangement has a high-frequency signal Smess of a transmitter applied to it. This signal is correlated with a pre-determined working frequency fA of the antennas. The high-frequency signal Srück that returns from the measurement antenna arrangement is determined and compared with default values, and the adherence to production tolerances is determined by the comparison of the returning high-frequency signal Srück with the default values for each of the individual antennas.
US07701220B2
A coils array (40, 40′) including a plurality of coils (71, 72, 73) receives magnetic resonance signals from an examination region of a magnetic resonance imaging scanner (10). Each coil has mixing circuitry (74, 75, 76, 80, 81, 82) that frequency-shifts the received magnetic resonance signal to a selected transmission channel frequency. The coils array further includes combining circuitry (90) that combines the frequency-shifted magnetic resonance signals to produce an analog frequency domain multiplexed transmission signal output of the coils array. Receiver electronics (56, 56″) receive the analog frequency domain multiplexed transmission signal from the coils array. The receiver electronics include an analog-to-digital converter (164) that digitizes the analog frequency domain multiplexed transmission signal and digital signal processing circuitry (166) that processes the digital frequency domain multiplexed transmission signal to recover digitized signals corresponding to the magnetic resonance signals received by the plurality of coils.
US07701219B2
NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) capacitor switches allow for adjusting the resonant frequency ranges of NMR measurement circuits by inserting or removing capacitors having different values into the circuits. A change of position of a single switching member is used to change the contact state of at least two capacitors. In some embodiments, at least two pairs of external contacts are disposed at distinct longitudinal levels along a channel, and a slider including multiple longitudinally-spaced capacitors is moved longitudinally within the channel to establish electrical contact between the external contact pairs and different capacitors along the slider. In other embodiments, two capacitor columns are disposed along the channel, and a movable longitudinal member establishes electrical contact between the two columns at different longitudinal levels along the columns. In some embodiments, capacitor covers or intracapacitor blocks are provided to protect the capacitors. An auxiliary inductor may also be inserted into the circuits.
US07701217B2
RF electric fields produced by electric potential differences in NMR probe coil windings may penetrate the NMR sample and sample tube causing sensitivity loss and noise in NMR spectroscopy. Counter-wound spiral coils placed on the opposite surfaces of a planar substrate or on two adjacent planar substrates produce electric potentials that minimize the electric field over the sample region, thereby increasing the sensitivity of the NMR probe. Alternatively counter-wound spiral coils placed adjacent to each other on the outer surface of two concentric cylindrical surfaces that surround the NMR sample minimize the electric field over the sample region. The electric potential of the spiral coils is reduced by adjusting a length of at least one coil.
US07701210B2
A magnetic resonance imaging apparatus includes a unit which generates a diffusion weighted image based on a magnetic resonance signal from an object, a unit which calculates an apparent diffusion coefficient based on the diffusion weighted image, and a processing unit which subjects the diffusion weighted image to a process of indicating a region having the apparent diffusion coefficient of less than a threshold value with a highlight in contrast with other region.
US07701204B2
A pulse-induction type metal detector that reliably identifies ferrous and non-ferrous targets in soils with varying mineral content. The influence of the background signals from the soil is removed continuously, without the need for manual adjustment of controls by the operator, when the soil mineralization changes. The background signals are removed without affecting the sensitivity of the detector to metallic targets and the background signal removal process does not make the detector insensitive to targets whose time constant coincides with that of the soil.
US07701200B1
A test socket comprises a test socket body with a central opening configured to receive a device under test (DUT) including at least one arm opening in the test socket body; and at least one rotating arm disposed in the arm opening.
US07701195B2
The process distinguishes image rays and actual rays generated in a frequency converting device from frequency rays of an input signal. The frequency converting device comprises at least a mixer mixing the input signal and a signal provided by a local oscillator and a filter assembly filtering the mixed signals output by the mixer. At least one sweep is carried out wherein the frequency of the local oscillator is varied and wherein the signal level at the output of the frequency converting device is recorded for a set of converted frequencies. A further sweep is carried out so that the frequency of the actual ray generated in the further sweep by an input ray is the same as the frequency of the actual ray generated in said at least one sweep by said input ray and the frequency of the image ray generated in said further sweep by any input ray does not correspond to a frequency for which a ray was generated in each of said at least one sweep.
US07701190B2
For a DC-to-DC converter including a plurality of channels for converting an input voltage to an output voltage, a control circuit comprises a load transient detector to detect the output voltage to provide a quick response signal. In a load transient, the quick response signal triggers a quick transient response period to increase the operational frequency of the converter.
US07701183B2
A power circuit and a charge pumping circuit add one control switch of small size to control a power transistor, and save one switch of large area and one capacitor of large area as compared with a conventional power circuit and a conventional charge pumping circuit. The power circuit includes a power processing circuit, a linear voltage-regulating switch, and a capacitor. The linear voltage-regulating switch includes a power transistor and a control switch. The control switch has a first end coupled to a gate of the power transistor and a second end coupled to one of a drain and a source of the power transistor. When the control switch is “on”, the power transistor is “off”. When the control switch is “off”, the voltage on the drain of the power transistor is maintained at a predetermined value by the linear voltage-regulating switch.
US07701182B2
Disclosed is a low noise, non-isolated DC-DC converter for providing a non-inverted (i.e., the same polarity as an input voltage) output voltage of any desired voltage by stepping-up/down the input voltage. It comprises an input coil L1, an input capacitor C1 and a second intermediate coil Lm2 connected in series between both ends of the input voltage source, an output coil L2, an output capacitor C2 and a first intermediate coil Lm1 connected in series between both ends of a load Ro, a switching device S connected between a node a of the L1 and the C1 and a node b of the C2 and the Lm1, and a diode D connected between a node d of the C1 and the Lm2 and a node c of the C2 and the L2.
US07701174B2
A device for ascertaining the charge able to be drawn from an energy store, in particular a battery, up to a specified cutoff, is provided. A particularly precise charge prediction may be achieved if a mathematical energy store model is used, which mathematically represents the electrical properties of the energy store and with the aid of which a charge predictor calculates the charge able to be drawn in the case of a specified discharge current. The charge predictor is connected with an estimator for a state variable and parameter, which estimator ascertains state variables and/or parameters for the mathematical energy store model from current operating performance quantities of the energy store.
US07701173B2
Charging and power supply for mobile devices is disclosed. A USB-compliant charging and power supply circuit includes switch-mode battery charging circuitry for receiving power from an external power source and for supplying output power through an output node to an electronic system of an electronic communication device and a battery. Battery isolation circuitry includes a semiconductor switch connecting the output node to the battery. The battery isolation circuitry senses voltage at the output node and variably restricts current to the battery when the voltage is below a minimum voltage value by operationally controlling the semiconductor switch as current passes through it. During variable current restriction the electronic system is supplied required power with said battery being supplied any additional available power.
US07701171B2
A wearable device has an internal rechargeable power source for supplying power to internal circuitry of the device. An external rechargeable battery pack is physically and electrically interfaced to the wearable device and provides power to recharge the internal rechargeable power source while the device is being worn, thereby eliminating the need to connect the wearable device directly to a source of electricity using wires. The rechargeable battery pack is recharged in a charging station connected to a source of electricity.
US07701166B2
A multi-functional power supply device comprises: a secondary cell, a charging circuit, a controller, and a first connection unit. The secondary cell is used to store electrical energy, and produces a first voltage and a second voltage. When the first connection unit is electrically connected to a solar board, the charging circuit receives the electrical energy which is transformed from the solar board and is then stored in the secondary cell. The controller controls the second voltage to produce at least one output voltage to an application apparatus. Moreover, when the first connection unit changes to connect with a lighting device, the secondary cell provides the first voltage to the lighting device directly. Hence, the present invention provides power to the application apparatus, and produces a light source through the lighting device at the same time.
US07701164B2
An electrical machine, such as a switched reluctance motor, has a rotor and a controller arranged to energize at least one electrically energizable phase winding in dependence on the angular position of the rotor. The controller may employ a control law table derived by applying a predetermined DC link voltage to the windings. Differences between an applied DC link voltage and the predetermined DC link voltage may be compensated by applying a predetermined correction to the angular position of energization of the phase winding in dependence on the value applied DC link voltage. Such a compensation factor may be derived from a relationship held in memory.
US07701160B2
The invention relates to an operating method for a roller shutter comprising an actuator which is used to move the shutter and which consists of: a motor, an electronic control unit for powering the motor, and a control box which is connected to the electronic unit and which is equipped with at least one control key. The inventive operating method comprises at least one configuration mode, during which values that are associated with specific positions can be recorded. The invention is designed such that a roller shutter movement command only occurs after a key has been pressed during a period of time greater than a first period t1 if the device is not at least partially configured, but the pressing of a control key can be immediately interpreted as a command to move the mobile element if the device is at least partially configured.
US07701156B2
A voltage command value of a converter is set by executing the step of determining a candidate voltage of a system voltage VH as a converter output voltage in a voltage range from the minimum necessary voltage corresponding to induction voltage of a motor generator and a maximum output voltage of the converter; the step of estimating power loss at the battery, converter, inverter and motor generator, at each candidate voltage, and calculating total sum of estimated power loss of the overall system; and the step of setting the voltage command value VH# based on the candidate voltage that minimizes the total sum of estimated power losses among the candidate voltages.
US07701152B2
A light-emitting diode control circuit is provided, that includes: a duration selection circuit for selecting one of a first duration value, a second duration value, a third duration value, or a fourth duration value as a selected duration value based on a selection signal; a control clock generator for generating a control clock signal based on a slow clock signal and the selected duration value; a selection signal generator for generating the selection signal based on the control clock signal; an intensity signal generator for generating a current intensity signal based on a first intensity value, a second intensity value, the control clock signal, and the selection signal; a reference wave generator for generating a reference wave based on a fast clock signal; and a comparator for comparing the current intensity signal and the reference wave to generate a pulse width modulation signal to control the light-emitting diode.
US07701151B2
A lighting control system suitable for a surgical lighting device. The lighting control system includes circuitry that compensates for the effects of temperature changes in a lighting device, and that compensates for forward voltage variations among LED lighting modules to provide substantially uniform light output.
US07701145B2
An improved solid expellant plasma generator has been developed. The plasma generator includes a support housing, an electrode rod located in the central portion of the housing, and a mass of solid expellant material that surrounds the electrode rod within the support housing. The electrode rod and the solid expellant material are made of separate materials that are selected so that the electrode and the solid expellant material decompose at the same rate when the plasma generator is ignited. This maintains a point of discharge of the plasma at the interface between the electrode and the solid expellant material.
US07701132B2
An organic electroluminescence display device and a method of manufacturing the same, configured to prevent IR drop of a second electrode by forming an auxiliary electrode line in an organic electroluminescence display device, are disclosed. The display device is also configured to prevent pixel shrinkage caused by deterioration of an organic electroluminescent layer due to transfer of gases into the organic electroluminescent layer. The out-gassing is prevented by providing a plurality of patterns and/or trenches in the auxiliary electrode line to reduce the contact area between the auxiliary electrode line and the second electrode, thereby lowering heat resistance and optimizing heat transfer during a curing process, and also allowing for removal of remaining gases in an organic film.
US07701130B2
Provided is a means for improving the capability of injecting electrons from a cathode in a luminous element and solving problems about the production process thereof. In the present invention, a material having a smaller work function than a cathode material is used to form an inorganic conductive layer between the cathode and an organic compound layer. In this way, the capability of injecting electrons from the cathode can be improved. Furthermore, the film thereof can be thicker than that of a conventional cathode buffer layer formed by using an insulating material. Therefore, the film thickness can easily be controlled, and a decrease in production costs and an improvement in yield can be achieved.
US07701116B2
Provided are a motor driving method, a program therefor, and a motor driving apparatus which can shorten starting time of a vibration wave motor. A driving circuit of the vibration wave motor includes a control unit. The control unit controls two-phase driving voltages applied to an electro-mechanical energy conversion element of the vibration wave motor. The control unit controls a phase difference between the two-phase driving voltages to drive a driven member at a predetermined speed in a fixed state of frequencies of the two-phase driving voltages. In this case, when the phase difference is set outside a predetermined range, the control unit changes the frequencies of the two-phase driving voltages.
US07701113B2
A surface acoustic wave device includes a piezoelectric substrate, at least one interdigital transducer (IDT) electrode provided on the piezoelectric substrate, and an insulator layer to improve a temperature characteristic arranged so as to cover the IDT electrode. When a surface of the insulator layer is classified into a first surface region under which the IDT electrode is positioned and a second surface region under which no IDT electrode is positioned, the surface of the insulator layer in at least one portion of the second surface region is higher than the surface of the insulator layer from the piezoelectric substrate in at least one portion of the first surface region by at least about 0.001λ, where the wavelength of an acoustic wave is λ.
US07701103B2
An electric motor (10) is an in-wheel motor. The motor (10) includes an outer rotor, (302), an inner rotor (301), a stator (200), and a shaft-shaped central portion (100). The outer rotor includes a magnet (305b) and is disposed closely to a load. The inner rotor includes a magnet (305a) and is disposed away from the load. The stator is disposed between the outer rotor and the inner rotor, and includes a stator coil. The shaft-shaped central portion extends completely through respective central portions of the outer rotor, the inner rotor and the stator. The shaft-shaped central portion defines a stationary structure. A power supply system (500) is provided using interiors of the stator (200) and the shaft shaped central portion (100).
US07701102B2
An electric motor stator has a stator core and a plurality of windings wound around teeth of the stator core. Each of the windings has two tooth winding portions with a crossover wire extending therebetween. Each of the windings starts from a neutral wire and winds around a first tooth to form a first tooth winding portion and then winds around an opposed tooth to form a second tooth winding portion with the crossover wire extending as a power wire. Thus, the second tooth winding portion is started from the power wire. A terminal end of the second tooth winding portion is drawn out and connected to the neutral wire. The stator core has an insulator having support portions for preventing the tooth winding portions from falling outwards. The power wire is held between the tooth winding portion and a slot bottom so as to be fixed.
US07701101B2
The stator (24) of a permanent magnet axial flux alternator comprises two annular stator components which are each wound with a respective two phase winding arrangement (48). Each of the two phase winding arrangements (48) is wound so that there is no mutual inductance between the windings of each phase. Each phase of the two phase winding arrangements (48) wound on the two stator components has a high internal impedance and is for energising a respective high intensity lamp of a light tower.
US07701097B2
An impeller, which is driven by a stator, includes a conducting shell, a hub and a plurality of blades. The conducting shell covers at least one side of the stator. The hub covers the conducting shell. At least one air gap is formed between the hub and the stator. A top portion of the hub has an opening to partially expose a top portion of the conducting shell. At least one airflow passage is formed between an inner wall of the hub and an outer surface of the conducting shell. The airflow passage has at least one inlet connected with the opening and at least one outlet connected with the air gap. The blades are disposed around the circumferences of the hub.
US07701080B2
A power data connection for a vehicle and one or more electronic devices is provided. The power data connection comprises a data communication connector and a terminal. The data communication connector includes a case ground and is adapted to enable data communication to and from the vehicle. The terminal is supported by the case ground and operable to supply electrical power from the vehicle to the electronic devices simultaneously with the data communication connector enabling data communication to and from the vehicle.
US07701068B2
A multi-chip package suppresses a change, which is caused by packaging, of a circuit characteristic of an analog circuit of which characteristic is adjusted by a nonvolatile register. A digital circuit and an analog circuit are formed on a semiconductor chip. A nonvolatile register is also formed on the semiconductor chip to store information to adjust a circuit characteristic of the analog circuit. The circuit characteristic of the analog circuit is adjusted according to the information stored in this nonvolatile register. Then, another dummy semiconductor chip is attached with an adhesive being superimposed on a circuit area of the analog circuit to build a multi-chip package.
US07701064B2
A first through via is electrically insulated from surrounding wafer substrate material. A second through via is not electrically insulated from the surrounding wafer substrate material. This configuration is advantageous when the non-insulated via serves as the path for either Vdd or GND. By not insulating the through via, a first supply voltage (Vdd or GND) is allowed to flow through the surrounding wafer substrate material thereby decreasing the resistance of the first supply voltage path.
US07701062B2
Provided, is a reliable semiconductor device with a layered interconnect structure that may develop no trouble of voids and interconnect breakdowns, in which the layered interconnect structure comprises a conductor film and a neighboring film as so layered on a semiconductor substrate that the neighboring film is contacted with the conductor film. In the device, the materials for the conductor film and the neighboring film are so selected that the difference between the short side, ap, of the rectangular unit cells that constitute the plane with minimum free energy of the conductor film and the short side, an, of the rectangular unit cells that constitute the plane with minimum free energy of the neighboring film, {|ap−an|/ap}×100=A (%) and the difference between the long side, bp, of the rectangular unit cells that constitute the plane with minimum free energy of the conductor film and the long side, bn, of the rectangular unit cells that constitute the plane with minimum free energy of the neighboring film, {|bp−bn|/bp}×100=B (%) satisfy an inequality of {A+B×(ap/bp)}<13. In this, the diffusion of the conductor film is retarded.
US07701056B2
A redistribution connecting structure for solder balls is disclosed. A substrate includes a plurality of bonding pads. A plurality of dielectric layers, a redistribution conductive layer between the dielectric layer, and a plurality of solder balls are formed on the substrate. The redistribution layer has a redistribution pad disposed adjacent to one of the bonding pads without electrical connection with the redistribution pad. One of the dielectric layers covering the redistribution conductive layer has an opening to partially expose the redistribution pad, in which the opening is approximately circular and has a cut-off portion so that the opening is adjacent to an opening of another of the dielectric layers exposing one of the bonding pads without overlapping. Accordingly, bonding area of the redistribution pad for a bonding pad under one of the solder balls can be expanded to reduce stress effect.
US07701052B2
A device comprising a power core wherein said power core comprises: at least one embedded singulated capacitor layer containing at least one embedded singulated capacitor wherein said embedded singulated capacitor comprises at least a first electrode and a second electrode and wherein said embedded singulated capacitor is positioned on the outer layer of the power core with both first and second electrodes of the capacitor on the outer layer of the power core so that at least one Vcc (power) terminal and at least one Vss (ground) terminal of a semiconductor device can be directly connected to at least one first and at least one second electrode, respectively.
US07701046B2
A stacked type chip package structure including a backplate, a circuit substrate, a first chip, a second chip, and a conductive film is provided. The backplate comprises a circuit layer. The circuit substrate is disposed on the backplate, and has an upper surface and an opposite lower surface. Besides, the circuit substrate has a receiving hole corresponding to the backplate. The first chip is disposed inside the receiving hole, and the first chip is electrically connected to the circuit substrate through the circuit layer of the backplate. The second chip is disposed above the first chip, and is electrically connected to the circuit substrate. The conductive film is disposed between the first chip and the second chip, wherein the conductive film is electrically connected to a ground of the circuit substrate.
US07701042B2
An integrated circuit package system includes providing an integrated circuit die having planar dimensions; forming a lead extended across one of the planar dimensions of the integrated circuit die; and applying an adhesive layer over the lead of a side opposite the integrated circuit die.
US07701033B2
A variety of isolation structures for semiconductor substrates include a trench formed in the substrate that is filled with a dielectric material or filled with a conductive material and lined with a dielectric layer along the walls of the trench. The trench may be used in combination with doped sidewall isolation regions. Both the trench and the sidewall isolation regions may be annular and enclose an isolated pocket of the substrate. The isolation structures are formed by modular implant and etch processes that do not include significant thermal processing or diffusion of dopants so that the resulting structures are compact and may be tightly packed in the surface of the substrate.
US07701030B2
In a photodiode formed by a region of a first type inside a region of a second type, of a semiconductor substrate, the region of the first type includes a first zone including a dopant of the first type having a first concentration and a first depth. The region of the first type also has a second zone adjacent to the first zone in the dopant of the first type has a second concentration higher than the first concentration and a second depth smaller than the first depth. A method for making such a diode is also disclosed.
US07701013B2
Nanoelectromechanical transistors (NEMTs) and methods of forming the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, an NEMT may include a substrate including a gate adjacent thereto, a source region and a drain region; an electromechanically deflectable nanotube member; and a channel member electrically insulatively coupled to the nanotube member so as to be aligned with the source region and the drain region, wherein electromechanical deflection of the nanotube member is controllable, in response to an electrical potential applied to the gate and the nanotube member, between an off state and an on state, the on state placing the channel member in electrical connection with the source region and the drain region to form a current path.
US07701012B2
An electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection clamp (61) for I/O terminals (22, 23) of integrated circuits (ICs) (24) comprises an NPN bipolar transistor (25) coupled to an integrated Zener diode (30). Variations in the break-down current-voltage characteristics (311, 312, 313, 314) of multiple prior art ESD clamps (31) in different parts of the same IC chip is avoided by forming the anode (301) of the Zener (30) in the shape of a base-coupled P+ annular ring (75) surrounded by a spaced-apart N+ annular collector ring (70) for the cathode (302) of the Zener (30). Even though an angled implant (51, 86, 98) used to form the N+ annular collector ring (70) causes location dependent variations in the width (531, 532) of the Zener space charge (ZSC) region (691, 692), the improved annular shaped clamp (61) always has a portion that initiates break-down at the design voltage so that variations in the width (531, 532) of the ZSC region (691, 692) do not cause significant variations in the clamp's current-voltage characteristics (611, 612, 613, 614).
US07701010B2
In a method of fabricating a transistor including a buried insulating layer and transistor fabricated using the same, the method includes sequentially forming a sacrificial layer and a top semiconductor layer on a single crystalline semiconductor substrate. A gate pattern is formed on the top semiconductor layer. A sacrificial spacer is formed to cover sidewalls of the gate pattern. An elevated semiconductor layer is grown on a portion of the top semiconductor layer adjacent to the sacrificial spacer. The sacrificial spacer is removed. A portion of the top semiconductor layer from which the sacrificial spacer is removed is etched until the sacrificial layer is exposed, thereby forming a recess, which separates the top semiconductor layer into a first top semiconductor layer pattern and a second top semiconductor layer pattern, which remain under the gate pattern and the elevated semiconductor layer, respectively. The sacrificial layer is selectively removed. A buried insulating layer is formed to fill a region from which the sacrificial layer is removed. A buried semiconductor layer is grown in the recess. An extending recess extends from the recess and is formed to expose the semiconductor substrate. The extending recess separates the buried insulating layer into a first buried insulating layer pattern and a second buried insulating layer pattern, which are self-aligned to the first and second top semiconductor layer patterns, respectively.
US07701008B2
A semiconductor structure includes of a plurality of semiconductor fins overlying an insulator layer, a gate dielectric overlying a portion of said semiconductor fin, and a gate electrode overlying the gate dielectric. Each of the semiconductor fins has a top surface, a first sidewall surface, and a second sidewall surface. Dopant ions are implanted at a first angle (e.g., greater than about 7°) with respect to the normal of the top surface of the semiconductor fin to dope the first sidewall surface and the top surface. Further dopant ions are implanted with respect to the normal of the top surface of the semiconductor fin to dope the second sidewall surface and the top surface.
US07701005B1
Each of a pair of differently configured like-polarity insulated-gate field-effect transistors (40 or 42 and 240 or 242) in a semiconductor structure has a channel zone of semiconductor body material, a gate dielectric layer overlying the channel zone, and a gate electrode overlying the gate dielectric layer. For each transistor, the net dopant concentration of the body material reaches multiple local subsurface maxima below a channel surface depletion region and below largely all gate-electrode material overlying the channel zone. The transistors have source/drain zones (60 or 80) of opposite conductivity type to, and halo pocket portions of the same conductivity type as, the body material. One pocket portion (100/102 or 104) extends along both source/drain zones of one of the transistors. Another pocket portion (244 or 246) extends largely along only one of the source/drain zones of the other transistor so that it is asymmetrical.
US07701003B2
A semiconductor substrate has a trench in a first main surface. An insulated gate field effect part includes a gate electrode formed in the first main surface. A potential fixing electrode fills the trench and has an expanding part expanding on the first main surface so that a width thereof is larger than the width of the trench. An emitter electrode is formed on the first main surface and insulated from the gate electrode electrically and connected to a whole upper surface of the expanding part of the potential fixing electrode. Thus, a semiconductor device capable of enhancing reliability in order to prevent an aluminum spike from generating and a manufacturing method thereof can be provided.
US07701002B2
A semiconductor device includes an isolation layer disposed in a semiconductor device to define an active region. A gate trench is disposed across the active region and extends to the isolation layer. An insulated gate electrode fills a portion of the gate trench and covers at least one sidewall of the active region. A portion of the gate electrode, that covers at least one sidewall of the active region, extends under a portion of the gate electrode that crosses the active region. An insulating pattern is disposed on the gate electrode.
US07701001B2
A short channel trench MOSFET which has a lower peak concentration of dopants and a substantially uniform concentration of dopants compared to a conventional short channel device.
US07701000B2
A method of manufacturing a semiconductor. A first epitaxial layer is formed on a gate nitride layer, and a protection nitride layer is formed on the first epitaxial and gate nitride layers. A first gate insulation layer is formed on a drain silicide, a gate oxide layer is formed on a portion of the first epitaxial layer exposed by a trench. A second epitaxial layer is formed on the first layer. Polysilicon fills the trench to form a gate electrode. Ion-implanting impurities on the second epitaxial layer forms a source region. A second gate insulation layer is formed on the gate electrode and the gate oxide layer, a source silicide is formed on the second gate insulation layer, and an interlayer insulation layer is formed on the second epitaxial layer, source region and source silicide. Source, gate and drain contact holes expose the source silicide, gate electrode and drain silicide.
US07700999B2
An integrated circuit device has a base area defining a longitudinal axis. Four in-line transistors, which are NMOS transistors in exemplary embodiments, are each centered on the longitudinal axis. Two off-set transistors, which are PMOS transistors in exemplary embodiments, are off-set to first and second sides of the longitudinal axis, respectively.
US07700993B2
A CMOS EPROM, EEPROM or inverter device includes an nFET device with a thin gate dielectric layer and a pFET device juxtaposed with the nFET device with a thick gate dielectric layer and a floating gate electrode. The thick gate dielectric layer is substantially thicker than the thin gate dielectric layer. A common drain node connected both FET devices has no external connection in the case of a memory device and has an external connection in the case of an inverter. There are external circuit connections to the source regions of both FET devices and to the gate electrode of the nFET device. The pFET and nFET devices can be planar, vertical or FinFET devices.
US07700991B2
A method for fabricating the memory structure includes: providing a substrate having a pad, forming an opening in the pad, forming a first spacer on a sidewall of the opening, filling the opening with a sacrificial layer, removing the first spacer and exposing a portion of the substrate, removing the exposed substrate to define a first trench and a second trench, removing the sacrificial layer to expose a surface of the substrate to function as a channel region, forming a first dielectric layer on a surface of the first trench, a surface of the second trench and a surface of the channel region, filling the first trench and the second trench with a first conductive layer, forming a second dielectric layer on a surface of the first conductive layer and the surface of the channel region, filling the opening with a second conductive layer, and removing the pad.
US07700979B2
A semiconductor device includes: a substrate; a first junction region and a second junction region formed separately from each other in the substrate; an etch barrier layer formed in the substrate underneath the first junction region; and a plurality of recess channels formed in the substrate between the first junction region and the second junction region.
US07700978B2
A plurality of origin patterns (3) containing a metal catalyst are formed over a semiconductor substrate (1). Next, an insulating film (4) covering the origin patterns (3) is formed. Next, a trench allowing at the both ends thereof the side faces of the origin patterns (3) to expose is formed. Thereafter, a wiring is formed by allowing carbon nanotubes (5) having a conductive chirality to grow in the trench. Thereafter, an insulating film covering the carbon nanotubes (5) is formed.
US07700966B2
A light emitting device having a vertical structure, which includes a semiconductor layer having a first surface and a second surface, a first electrode arranged on the first surface of the semiconductor layer, a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer arranged on the second surface of the semiconductor layer and a second electrode arranged on the TCO layer.
US07700958B2
A light emitting device having a structure in which oxygen and moisture are prevented from reaching light emitting elements, and a method of manufacturing the same, are provided. Further, the light emitting elements are sealed by using a small number of process steps, without enclosing a drying agent. The present invention has a top surface emission structure. A substrate on which the light emitting elements are formed is bonded to a transparent sealing substrate. The structure is one in which a transparent second sealing material covers the entire surface of a pixel region when bonding the two substrates, and a first sealing material (having a higher viscosity than the second sealing material), which contains a gap material (filler, fine particles, or the like) for protecting a gap between the two substrates, surrounds the pixel region. The two substrates are sealed by the first sealing material and the second sealing material. Further, reaction between electrodes of the light emitting elements (cathodes or anodes) and the sealing materials can be prevented by covering the electrodes with a transparent protective layer, for example, CaF2, MgF2, or BaF2.
US07700950B2
Solid-state image sensors, specifically the image sensor pixels, which have three or four transistors, high sensitivity, low noise, and low dark current, are provided. The pixels have separate active regions for active components, row-shared photodiodes and may also contain a capacitor to adjust the sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio and dynamic range. The low dark current is achieved by using pinned photodiodes.
US07700943B2
An embodiment of the present invention is a technique to functionalize carbon nanotubes in situ. A carbon nanotube (NT) array is grown or deposited on a substrate. The NT array is functionalized in situ with a polymer by partial thermal degradation of the polymer to form a NT structure. The functionalization of the NT structure is characterized. The functionalized NT structure is processed according to the characterized functionalization.
US07700937B2
A single-photon generating device is configured to have a solid substrate including abase portion, and a pillar portion which is formed on the surface side of the base portion with a localized level existent in the vicinity of the tip of the base portion. The above pillar portion is formed to have a larger cross section on the base portion side than the cross section on the tip side, so that the light generated from the localized level is reflected on the surface, propagated inside the pillar portion, and output from the back face side of the base portion.
US07700933B2
An optical lens system of a mobile camera is provided. The lens optical system includes: an optical lens in which one pair of incident surfaces corresponding to the divided view angles are adjacently arranged at the center portion, optical beams incident at the divided view angles being transmitted through respective off-axis lens systems; and one pair of image sensors separately arranged under both lower portions of the optical lens to receive the optical beams transmitted through the off-axis lens systems. As one pair of the image sensors is separately arranged on both lower portions of the optical lens, the images formed in the image sensors can be easily combined. Moreover, during the combination of the image, the disparity of the images can be prevented by the narrowed distance between the incident surfaces.
US07700931B2
The present invention provides an ion beam processing technology for improving the precision in processing a section of a sample using an ion beam without making a processing time longer than a conventionally required processing time, and for shortening the time required for separating a micro test piece without breaking the sample or the time required for making preparations for the separation. An ion beam processing apparatus is structured so that an axis along which an ion beam is drawn out of an ion source and an ion beam irradiation axis along which the ion beam is irradiated to a sample mounted on a first sample stage will meet at an angle. Furthermore, the ion beam processing apparatus has a tilting ability to vary an angle of irradiation, at which the ion beam is irradiated to the sample, by rotating a second sample stage, on which a test piece extracted from the sample by performing ion beam processing is mounted, about the tilting axis of the second sample stage. The ion beam processing apparatus is structured so that a segment drawn by projecting the axis, along which the ion beam is drawn out of the ion source, on a plane perpendicular to the ion beam irradiation axis can be at least substantially parallel to a segment drawn by projecting the tilting axis of the second sample stage on the plane perpendicular to the ion beam irradiation axis.
US07700928B2
An apparatus is provided that is capable of interleaving detection of fluorescence and luminescence signals emitted from a plurality of samples. The apparatus is suitable for analysis of samples containing single cells or tissues up to and including living organisms. It contains an optical assembly or “sandwich” for producing a spectrally pure and spatially dispersed light source for illuminating the sample. The invention also provides a plurality of optical sandwiches that can be variously geometrically arranged and their intensities programmed to create spatially uniform illumination over a large sample. The invention further provides an apparatus having at least one of the optical sandwich and a detector system capable of interleaving detection of fluorescent and luminescent signals when a suitable sample is illuminated by the light source of the optical sandwich. Methods for preparing samples and using the sandwiches, arrays and apparatus, are further provided by this invention. A method for interleaving detection of fluorescent and luminescent signals emitted from a plurality of samples is disclosed.
US07700926B2
Systems and methods are disclosed for producing customized, predictable and reproducible supplies of radioisotopes using, for example, a reactor housing that is fabricated from a radioactive shielding material and has both an internal volume and a surface that comprises an entry port and an exit port, a chromatographic column that is positioned within said internal volume such that a first end of said column is in fluid communication with said entry port and a second end of said column is in fluid communication with said exit port, and a changeable filter module that is disposed external to said reactor housing and in fluid communication with said exit port.
US07700914B2
Provided is a substrate for mass spectrometry, which enables a detection of a high molecular weight compound to be conducted at a high sensitivity, and can avoid the fragmentation so that there is substantially no obstacle to the analysis of a low molecular weight region. The substrate is a substrate for mass spectrometry for use in laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry, containing a metal and having a porous structure on a surface thereof, wherein at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of a carboxyl group, a sulfonic group and an ammonium chloride group is covalently bonded to the surface of the substrate.
US07700902B2
A locking assembly has a base and a rotary shaft which is capable of rotating relative to the base. The rotary shaft has a shaft body and a set of capture portions supported by the shaft body. The locking assembly further includes a set of detention mechanisms supported by the base. The set of detention mechanisms is arranged to (i) initially apply retention force to the set of capture portions to provide resistance against rotation of the rotary shaft from an initial angular position, and (ii) remove application of the retention force from the set of capture portions in response to an amount of rotational torque on the rotary shaft. The amount of rotational torque on the rotary shaft exceeds a predetermined threshold and is sufficient to substantially rotate the rotary shaft from the initial angular position.
US07700898B2
Heat treatment equipment and a method of driving the same are provided. The heat treatment equipment includes: a process tube having an aperture at one side thereof; a sealing unit for opening or closing the aperture; and a pressure sensor for measuring sealing pressure between the sealing unit and the one side of the process tube. In the heat treatment equipment, the aperture of the process tube can be sealed according to the sealing pressure of the sealing unit so that the process tube can be precisely sealed.
US07700892B2
A sequential lateral solidification device and a method of crystallizing silicon using the same controls a size and arrangement overlapping areas of laser beam patterns adjacently irradiated onto a substrate to within specific regions of a pixel area and a driving area outside the pixel area. The device includes a laser generating device irradiating a laser beam, a focusing lens focusing the laser beam, a mask having a pattern of transparent regions permitting the laser beam to be transmitted a laser beam pattern, a reduction lens reducing the laser beam pattern transmitted by the mask, a substrate having a pixel area and a driving area exposed to the irradiated laser beam pattern, a moveable stage having, on which the substrate is mounted, and a position sensor sensing an position of the irradiated laser beam pattern and controlling a size and arrangement overlapping areas between adjacently irradiated laser beam patterns.
US07700891B2
A method for sorting devices in automated handling equipment, including placing a plurality of input trays containing a plurality of devices and a plurality of empty trays into a handler; sorting the plurality of devices in the plurality of input trays into the plurality of empty trays according to a category of each of the plurality of devices, dynamically assigning categories to each of the plurality of empty trays for each category of the plurality of devices, dynamically assigning categories to the plurality of input trays and placing the sorted plurality of devices into the plurality of input trays, removing the empty trays housing the plurality of sorted devices from the handler and determining whether the sorting is completed.
US07700887B2
A variable differential adjustor for a fluid pressure-actuated switch, with the fluid, in the preferred form of the invention, being air. The restrictor has a restrictor housing having a passage through which a pressure source has a portion which passes on its way to a pressure-actuated switch. A restrictor is provided for engaging the portion of the pressure source passing through the restrictor housing and is adjustable to variably alter fluid flow through the pressure source portion. The restrictor comprises a screw-like plug in the pressure source portion which is acted upon by a tube throttle to variably alter the passageway past the plug.
US07700881B2
A shield conductor has a metal pipe and wires accommodated in the metal pipe. The metal pipe is stainless steel, and the stainless steel pipe is provided with a resin layer containing a magnetic material.
US07700880B2
Electrical cables formed from at least one insulated conductor, a layer of inner armor wires disposed adjacent the insulated conductor, and a layer of shaped strength members disposed adjacent the outer periphery of the first layer of armor wires. A polymeric material is disposed in interstitial spaces formed between the inner armor wires and the layer of shaped strength members, and the polymeric material is further disposed in interstitial spaces formed between the inner armor wire layer and insulated conductor. The polymeric material serves as a continuously bonded layer which also separates and encapsulates the armor wires forming the inner armor wire layer wire layer.
US07700878B2
A buss bar strip for mounting to a solar panel to electrically connect to a series of electrical lines extending from solar cells. The buss bar strip can include a thin elongate flat flexible strip of insulative material having a longitudinal length. A predetermined pattern of elongate conductors can be longitudinally disposed on the insulative strip in at least two rows along the longitudinal length and electrically isolated from each other. Each conductor can have a predetermined position, length, and spacing from each other on the insulative strip for laterally electrically connecting to selected electrical lines from the solar cells at lateral electrical connection points located along the length of the conductor on exposed surfaces on the conductor.
US07700872B2
A center conductor having an effective outer diameter; a dielectric material around the center conductor, a semi-conductive layer around the dielectric material, an outer conductor, or shield, around the dielectric material; the shield having an effective inner diameter; wherein the center conductor has a cross-sectional area of 3.141×10−4 in2 or less; wherein the cable has a capacitance of about 15 pF/ft or less; wherein the cable maintains electrical continuity under a tensile force of 25 lbf or greater; wherein the cable has a flex life of greater than about 30,000 cycles; and wherein the cable is a musical instrument cable.
US07700870B2
A high transmission and low iron glass is provided for use in a solar cell. The glass substrate may be patterned on at least one surface thereof. Antimony (Sb) is used in the glass to improve stability of the solar performance of the glass upon exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation and/or sunlight. The combination of low iron content, antimony, and/or the patterning of the glass substrate results in a substrate with high visible transmission and excellent light refracting characteristics.
US07700869B2
A patterned glass substrate is provided for use in a solar cell. The glass substrate is both patterned on at least one surface thereof and has a low iron content. The combination of low iron content, optional oxidizing agent, and the patterning of the glass substrate results in a substrate with high visible transmission and excellent light refracting characteristics.
US07700866B2
An electronic musical apparatus is of a data processing type and is connectable to an external server via a communication network. The apparatus comprises a display screen, item selecting keys arranged around the display screen, and a communication device to connect with the server via the communication network. The apparatus transmits a connection request to a server, receives a list of available service items from the server, displays the list for selection on the display screen, permits the user to select from the list an intended service by operating the item selecting key, transmits a request of the selected service, and receives from the server the service corresponding to the transmitted request.
US07700865B1
In providing a music program, a personal music player displays personal activity choices. A user selects a personal activity and provides a time duration for the activity. The player sends a request to a music program server for a music program. The request includes the personal activity and the time duration. The music program server selects a music program record from a plurality of music program records that has an activity attribute which matches the personal activity and a program duration which matches or is less than the time duration. The server extracts location information for the music program from the program entry in the music program record, and sends this to the player. The player uses the location information to obtain the music program. In this manner, a music program is provided to a user based on the personal activity of the user.
US07700863B2
A wind instrument, includes: a hollow tube having an open lower or distal end; a mouth hole formed in an upper or proximal portion the tube; a first set of holes including three holes formed in the tube for application of an index finger, a middle finger and a ring finger of an upper hand of a user; and a second set of hole including five holes formed in the tube for application of a thumb, an index finger, a middle finger, a ring finger and a pinky finger of a lower hand of the user. Another wind instrument, includes: a hollow tube having an open lower or distal end; a mouth hole formed in an upper or proximal portion the tube; a first finger support attached to and extending away from the tube; and a second finger support attached to and extending away from the tube.
US07700851B2
The present invention features tobacco nicotine demethylase nucleic acid and amino acid sequences, tobacco plants and plant components containing such sequences, including tobacco plants and plant components having reduced expression or altered enzymatic activity of nicotine demethylase, methods of use of nicotine demethylase sequences to create plants having altered levels of nornicotine or N′-nitrosonornicotine (“NNN”) or both relative to a control plant, as well as tobacco articles having reduced levels of nornicotine or NNN.
US07700846B2
The invention relates to the soybean variety designated D5245143. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants and derivatives of the soybean variety D5245143. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the soybean variety D5245143 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing soybean plants by crossing the soybean variety D5245143 with itself or another soybean variety and plants produced by such methods.
US07700839B2
The present invention relates to improved cultivars, varieties, lines or plants of annual medics (Medicago genus) wherein the majority of seed pods, upon reaching maturity, remain attached to their respective pedicels. In particular, the present invention relates to improved cultivars, varieties, lines or plants of annual medics (Medicago genus), having a mutant form of the gene for pod shedding, thereby resulting in a “pod holding” trait. The invention also extends to methods for isolating such plants. A yet further aspect of the invention relates to a method of transferring the “pod holding” trait from an annual medic having this trait to another annual medic of the genus Medicago by a process of controlled cross-breeding. A still further aspect of the invention relates to a method of obtaining plants having the “pod holding” trait from a population of annual medics of the genus Medicago.
US07700837B2
Transformed plant cell expressing tandem repeats of beta-amyloid gene and plant produced by the same
The present invention relates to a transformed plant cell expressing β-amyloid gene, which is known as a causal substance of senile dementia in human, a transformed plant and a preparation method of the same, more particularly, to a transformed plant cell expressing tandem repeats of β-amyloid gene, a transformed plant produced by tissue-culturing the above cells and a preparation method of the same. The transformed plant of the present invention expresses multiple β-amyloid protein, so that the plant can be effectively used for the preparation of an oral vaccine composition for the prevention of senile dementia in human.
US07700832B2
Compositions and methods for protecting a plant from a pathogen, particularly a fungal pathogen, are provided. Compositions include amino acid sequences, and variants and fragments thereof, for antipathogenic polypeptides that were isolated from fungal fermentation broths. Nucleic acids that encode the antipathogenic polypeptides are also provided. A method for inducing pathogen resistance in a plant using the nucleotide sequences disclosed herein is further provided. The method comprises introducing into a plant an expression cassette comprising a promoter operably linked to a nucleotide sequence that encodes an antipathogenic polypeptide of the invention. Compositions comprising an antipathogenic polypeptide or a transformed microorganism comprising a nucleic acid of the invention in combination with a carrier and methods of using these compositions to protect a plant from a pathogen are further provided. Transformed plants, plant cells, seeds, and microorganisms comprising a nucleotide sequence that encodes an antipathogenic polypeptide of the invention are also disclosed.
US07700829B2
The present invention relates to methods for promoting somatic embryogenesis from a tissue or organ of a plant, by overexpressing a Wuschel gene in said tissue or organ. In one embodiment, such overexpression can be used as a silent selectable marker for transgenic plants. In another embodiment, such expression can be used to confer apomixis to a plant. In another embodiment, such overexpression can be used to create haploid plants, which can be used to produce dihaploid plants.
US07700823B2
The present invention relates to nonhuman transgenic animals exhibiting major disorders related to Alzheimer's disease. The animals can be used for demonstrating compounds intended for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
US07700821B2
A wetness monitoring system is provided for an absorbent article, the wetness monitoring system including a signaling device including a counter to count the number of discrete insults, a timer to monitor the elapsed time that the article has been worn, and an alarm to indicate that the number of discrete insults has reached an insult limit or that the elapsed time has reached an elapsed time limit, whichever occurs first. The signaling device can be adapted to indicate one of first, second, and third conditions, the first condition being that the number of discrete insults has reached an insult limit, the second condition being that the elapsed time has reached an elapsed time limit, and the third condition being the first to occur of either of the first and second conditions, and wherein the condition to be indicated is selected by the wearer or by a caregiver.
US07700819B2
A multi-layer reduced pressure delivery apparatus is provided for applying reduced pressure tissue treatment to a tissue site. The multi-layer apparatus includes a tissue contact layer, a release layer, and a manifold layer. The tissue contact layer includes a scaffold adapted to contact the tissue site, the release layer includes a hydrogel-forming material and a plurality of flow channels, and the manifold layer includes a distribution manifold. The release layer is positioned between the tissue contact layer and the manifold layer to allow easy release of the manifold layer from the tissue contact layer following the administration of reduced pressure tissue treatment.
US07700805B2
An amine is prepared by cleaving a carbamate of the formula I wherein R1=hydrogen, alkyl, aryl or phenyl group, R2=alkyl, aryl or phenyl group, wherein R1 and R2 are independently substituted or unsubstituted, wherein the cleaving of the carbamate is performed in the presence of an acid of the formula II wherein R3, R4 and R5 are independently alkyl or phenyl group, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are the same or different.
US07700803B2
Catalysts for preparing carboxylic acid salts from alcohols which a) consist of copper or b) comprise from 99.9 to 10% by weight of copper and from 0.01 to 90% by weight of iron and from 0 to 50% by weight of one or more other metals, and may optionally be doped, the hydroxides being obtained by precipitation of copper salt solutions or by coprecipitation of copper and iron salt solutions optionally containing salts of other metals using a base, and being reduced by hydrogen.
US07700798B1
Disclosed are compounds having the formula: wherein R21 is an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, hydroxy, or amino group or a halogen atom; wherein R2 is hydrogen or an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, or amino group; wherein R23 and R24 are independently selected from hydrogen, an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, hydroxy, or amino group, and a halogen atom or wherein R23 and R24, taken together with the carbon atom to which they are bound, form a ring; wherein R25 is hydrogen, an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, hydroxy, or O-silyl group or a halogen atom; wherein Z, taken together with the carbons to which it is bonded, forms a 5-12 membered ring; and wherein Y is an electron withdrawing group. These compounds can be used to prepare erogorgiaene congeners, such as erogorgiaene, pseudopterosin A, helioporin E, pseudopteroxazole, colombiasin A, elisapoterosin B, elisabethadione, p-benzoquinone natural products, ileabethin, sinulobtain B, sinulobtain C, and sinulobtain D.
US07700793B2
Esterification and transesterification of fats and oils is conducted using one or more heterogeneous solid catalysts in the presence of an alcohol and a cosolvent. In one example, esterification of free fatty acids in fats and oils feedstock is conducted by contacting the feedstock with a solid catalyst having acidic groups. Transesterification of triglycerides in the feedstock is conducted by contacting the feedstock with a solid catalyst having basic groups. Single train continuous plant designs are described for near complete conversion of fats and oils by sequentially contacting the feedstock with heterogeneous acidic solid catalyst and basic solid catalyst.
US07700790B2
A process is provided for the production of alkylene oxide by catalytic reaction of olefin, hydrogen and oxygen in the presence of promoting buffer salts, the improvement wherein the buffer salts are recovered by electrodialysis and/or crystallization and recycled to the catalytic reaction.
US07700786B2
The present invention provides a pyrazole derivative of the general formula (1), which has an excellent efficacy as an active component for a herbicide, an intermediate for the production thereof, processes for the production thereof, and a herbicide containing the derivative as an active ingredient.
US07700785B2
Provided is a process for preparation of dialkyl carbonates, comprising the step of performing oxidative carbonylation of an alcohol in liquid phase in the presence of CO and O2, to form dialkyl carbonate in a catalyst system comprising a metal halide as catalyst and at least one nitrogen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of imidazole derivatives (excluding unsubstituted imidazole), benzoimidazole derivatives, pyridazine derivatives, carbazole, acridine and non-cyclic amines as auxiliary catalyst. The process of the invention, by using above catalyst system, can increase the conversion ratio of alcohol and the selectivity of the oxidative carbonylation reaction, thus increasing the total yield of dialkyl carbonate. In addition, the process of the invention has the advantages of reducing the required amount of the catalyst and causing less corrosion to the reactor.
US07700782B2
The present invention provides compounds of formula (I) wherein Ra, Rb, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R29 are as defined in the specification, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in therapy.
US07700781B2
The invention relates to salts having alkoxytris(fluoroalkyl)borate anions which on the one hand are used for the synthesis of ionic liquids, but on the other hand can be employed per se as ionic liquid, and to processes for the preparation thereof.
US07700763B2
The present invention relates to novel compounds, the use of said compounds as a medicament as well as for the manufacture of a medicament for treatment of disorders relating to the binding of galectin to receptors in a mammal. Said galectin is preferably a galectin-3.
US07700759B2
Provided are RNA oligonucleotides having an aptamer flanked by two self-cleaving ribozymes. Vectors encoding the oligonucleotides, and cells transfected with these vectors are also provided. Additionally, methods of inhibiting replication of a virus in a cell, methods of treating an organism with an aptamer, methods of determining whether a test aptamer is effective in inhibiting the function of a target of the aptamer in a cell, and methods of expressing an RNA aptamer in a cell are provided.
US07700757B2
The invention relates to antisense oligonucleotidic sequences (ODN) against Smad7 suitably modified, and their uses in medical field as therapeutic biological agents, in particular in the treatment of chronic inflammatory bowel disease, such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
US07700748B2
The present invention relates to genes responsible for disorders with a vascular component, the identification of mutations in said genes and the detection of their sequences as well as methods for detection and treatment for disorders with a vascular component. This invention further relates to proteins encoded by said genes and their applications.
US07700746B2
Material characterized by that the material contains at least one biologically active di- or trisaccharide or higher oligosaccharide which is covalently bound via a spacer to cross-linked agarose.
US07700744B2
The magnetic colloidal particles comprise a core and an envelope in which the core is magnetic and is coated with at least one polymer comprising functional groups X chosen from amine, hydroxyl, thiol, aldehyde, ester, anhydride, acid chloride, carbonate, carbamate, isocyanate and isothiocyanate groups, or mixtures thereof, at least one fraction of which has reacted with other functional groups of the envelope, and the envelope comprises a polymer bearing ionizable functional groups, Z and Z′, which may be identical or different, chosen from amine, carboxylic acid, ester, anhydride, aldehyde, thiol, disulfide, α-halocarbonyl, sulfonic acid, maleimide, isocyanate and isothiocyanate groups, which have partially reacted with the functional groups X of the core. These magnetic colloidal particles can be used to isolate biological material.
US07700738B2
This invention provides antibodies that specifically bind to and neutralize botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) and the epitopes bound by those antibodies. The antibodies and derivatives thereof and/or other antibodies that specifically bind to the neutralizing epitopes provided herein can be used to neutralize botulinum neurotoxin and are therefore also useful in the treatment of botulism.
US07700736B2
The present invention is directed to novel polypeptides and to nucleic acid molecules encoding those polypeptides. Also provided herein are vectors and host cells comprising those nucleic acid sequences, chimeric polypeptide molecules comprising the polypeptides of the present invention fused to heterologous polypeptide sequences, antibodies which bind to the polypeptides of the present invention and to methods for producing the polypeptides of the present invention.
US07700734B2
The present invention aims at converting factor IX into a molecule with enhanced activity which provides an alternative for replacement therapy and gene therapy for hemophilia B. Using recombinant techniques, factor IX having substitution of amino acid residue of SEQ ID NO: 7 at amino acid position selected from the group consisting of 86, 277, and 338 (exclude the circumstance of a single substitution at amino acid position 338) exhibits better clotting activity than recombinant wild type factor IX.
US07700728B2
The present invention provides novel materials and screening methods for identifying agonists and antagonists of cell receptors. Methods are disclosed for identifying agonists and antagonists using chimeric receptors comprising the extracellular ligand-binding domain of a first receptor fused with the transmembrane and intracellular domains of a second receptor containing an intracellular immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM).
US07700726B2
Disclosed is a novel HIV gene comprising a set of open reading frames encoded with the template as the plus strand of the proviral DNA, and located in the region of HIV-1 long terminal repeat. The genes encode a set of antisense proteins, (HAPs) as well as smaller proteins, related to, and containing structural motif resembling that of chemokine proteins. Depending upon the ribosomal frameshift, a plurality of proteins may be translated from the antisense RNA. The smaller proteins have similarity with chemokine SDF-1 and may play a role as a cofactor with gp120 in the binding to and entry of HIV to a target cell.
US07700720B2
The present invention relates to novel respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) F peptides and compositions comprising them. The present invention also relates to methods of evaluating anti-RSV antibody binding to F peptides. The present invention also relates to antibodies that immunospecifically bind to an F peptide of the present invention. The invention further provides methods and protocols for the administration of F peptides and/or antibodies that immunospecifically bind to F peptides for the prevention, neutralization, treatment of RSV infection. Additionally, the methods of the invention may be useful for the treatment, prevention and the amelioration of symptoms associated with RSV infection.
US07700716B2
Combinatorially generated peptides are provided that have binding affinity for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The peptides may be used to deliver benefit agents to various PTFE surfaces.
US07700714B2
There are provided an optical element that comprises a polymer which has a structural unit derived from a specific dihydroxy compound typified by 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro propane (bisphenol AF) and in which the relationship between a refractive index nD and an Abbe number νD satisfies the following formula (I): nD+0.0076×νD≦1.78 (I) and that is used for correction of chromatic aberration, and an achromatic lens using the optical element.
US07700696B2
A thermoplastic composition comprises A) 25 to 95 parts by weight of a first polycarbonate consisting essentially of i) 25 to 100 mole percent of a first carbonate unit comprising an alkyl-substituted bisphenol carbonate unit, ii) 0 to 75 mole percent of a second carbonate unit where the first and second carbonate units are not identical, and the sum of the mole percentages of the first and second carbonate units in the first polycarbonate is 100 mole percent; B) 5 to 75 parts by weight of a polyester-polycarbonate where the molar ratio of carbonate unit to arylate ester unit is 95:5 to 10:90; and C) 0 to 65 parts by weight of a second polycarbonate, where the first polycarbonate and second polycarbonate are not identical, and the sum of the parts by weight of the first polycarbonate, the polyester-polycarbonate, and the second polycarbonate is 100 parts by weight.
US07700681B2
A resonance decoupling device for protecting a human or animal body including a support adapted to be placed in contact with a portion of a body under conditions of use, the support comprising at least one complex of colloidal systems in dispersant phase, the colloidal systems including treated and modulated polymers.
US07700678B2
A silver-based powder is surface-treated with an oxidation inhibitor by means of a mechanochemical reaction. A method of preparation of the silver-based powder includes using an organic solution of the oxidation inhibitor as a lubricating agent, applying mechanical energy to the silver-based powder, and subjecting the silver-based powder to surface treatment with said oxidation inhibitor by means of a mechanochemical reaction.
US07700644B2
Novel compounds based on phenyl-substituted naphtho[1,2-g]chrysene compounds (A) are described. The compounds are obtainable by dimerisation of 3-phenylchroman (isoflavonoid) ring systems (B). Methods of synthesis of the novel dimeric compounds, compositions containing same and use of the dimers as therapeutic agents are also described.
US07700642B2
The present invention provides a process for producing an aromatic unsaturated compound of the formula (4) wherein Ar represents an optionally substituted aromatic group or an optionally substituted heteroaromatic group, and Y represents an electron withdrawing group, which comprises reacting (a) a compound of the formula (1) Ar—H (1) wherein Ar has the same meaning as defined above with (b) a compound of the formula (2) wherein Y has the same meaning as defined above, and Z represents a lower alkoxy, or a compound of the formula (3) wherein Y and Z have the same meanings as defined above, in the presence of (c) an acid or a compound which generates a mineral acid by its hydrolysis.
US07700640B2
A process for making a compound of formula (I), said process comprising a) reacting a compound of formula (II) with: i) a compound of formula (III) by nucleophilic aromatic substitution of X2 and ii) a compound of formula (IV) for example by nucleophilic aromatic substitution b) where necessary, converting X1 to a carboxylic acid; and c) coupling of the carboxylic acid group to an appropriate heterocyclic amine; wherein all variables are as defined in the description.
US07700627B2
Disclosed herein is a compound having a structure or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug, or bioisostere thereof. Therapeutic methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.
US07700614B2
A single-step, one-pot process to obtain zotarolimus and other rapamycin derivatives on large scale is presented, which improves currently available synthesis schemes. In one embodiment, dried rapamycin is dissolved in isopropylacetate (IPAc). The solution is cooled, and 2,6-Lutidine is added, followed slowly adding triflic anhydride at −30° C. Salts are then removed by filtration. Tetrazole, followed by a tert-base diisopropylethylamine (DIEA) is added to the triflate solution. After incubation at room temperature, the product is concentrated and purified by a silica gel column using THF/heptane as eluant. The fractions containing the product are collected, concentrated, and purified again using an acetone/heptane column. The product containing fractions are concentrated. The product is dissolved in t-BME and precipitated with heptane. The solids are dissolved in acetone, treated with butylated-hydroxy toluene (BHT), and the solution concentrated. The process is repeated twice with acetone to remove solvents. At least one stabilizing agent is added, such as BHT at 0.5% before drying.
US07700612B2
The present invention is related to 10,20-di-O ester derivatives of camptothecin and pharmaceutical formulations thereof. The compounds and pharmaceutical formulations of the present invention possess increased biological life span and bioavailability and reduced toxicity, while maintaining anti-cancer activity.
US07700607B2
The present invention comprises a new class of compounds capable of modulating the c-kit receptor and, accordingly, useful for treatment of c-kit mediated diseases, including various inflammatory, fibrotic and/or mast cell mediated diseases such as mastocytosis. The compounds have a general Formula I wherein R1-6 are defined herein. The invention further comprises pharmaceutical compositions, methods for treatment of c-kit mediated diseases, and intermediates and processes useful for the preparation of compounds of the invention.
US07700602B2
The present invention provides a compound of formula I and the use thereof for the therapeutic treatment, prevention or amelioration of a disease or disorder characterized by elevated β-amyloid deposits or β-amyloid levels in a patient.
US07700597B2
Compounds of Formula (I): or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or esters thereof, are useful in treating diseases or conditions mediated by CB1 receptors, such as metabolic syndrome and obesity, neuroinflammatory disorders, cognitive disorders and psychosis, addiction (e.g., smoking cessation), gastrointestinal disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
