Abstract:
A property of a target structure is measured based on intensity of an image of the target. The method includes (a) obtaining an image of the target structure; (b) defining (1204) a plurality of candidate regions of interest, each candidate region of interest comprising a plurality of pixels in the image; (c) defining (1208, 1216) an optimization metric value for the candidate regions of interest based at least partly on signal values of pixels within the region of interest; (d) defining (1208, 1216) a target signal function which defines a contribution of each pixel in the image to a target signal value. The contribution of each pixel depends on (i) which candidate regions of interest contain that pixel and (ii) optimization metric values of those candidate regions of interest.
Abstract:
A diffraction measurement target that has at least a first sub-target and at least a second sub-target, and wherein (1) the first and second sub-targets each include a pair of periodic structures and the first sub-target has a different design than the second sub-target, the different design including the first sub-target periodic structures having a different pitch, feature width, space width, and/or segmentation than the second sub-target periodic structure or (2) the first and second sub-targets respectively include a first and second periodic structure in a first layer, and a third periodic structure is located at least partly underneath the first periodic structure in a second layer under the first layer and there being no periodic structure underneath the second periodic structure in the second layer, and a fourth periodic structure is located at least partly underneath the second periodic structure in a third layer under the second layer.
Abstract:
An apparatus and method for estimating a parameter of a lithographic process and an apparatus and method for determining a relationship between a measure of quality of an estimate of a parameter of a lithographic process are provided. In the apparatus for estimating the parameter a processor is configured to determine a quality of the estimate of the parameter relating to the tested substrate based on a measure of feature asymmetry in the at least first features of the tested substrate and further based on a relationship determined for a plurality of corresponding at least first features of at least one further substrate representative of the tested substrate, the relationship being between a measure of quality of an estimate of the parameter relating to the at least one further substrate and a measure of feature asymmetry in the corresponding first features.
Abstract:
A method comprising: evaluating a plurality of polarization characteristics associated with measurement of a metrology target of a substrate processed using a patterning process, against one or more measurement quality parameters; and selecting one or more polarization characteristics from the plurality of polarization characteristics based on one or more of the measurement quality parameters
Abstract:
Methods and apparatuses for measuring a plurality of structures formed on a substrate are disclosed. In one arrangement, a method includes obtaining data from a first measurement process. The first measurement process including individually measuring each of the plurality of structures to measure a first property of the structure. A second measurement process is used to measure a second property of each of the plurality of structures. The second measurement process includes illuminating each structure with radiation having a radiation property that is individually selected for that structure using the measured first property for the structure.
Abstract:
A method including evaluating a plurality of substrate measurement recipes for measurement of a metrology target processed using a patterning process, against stack sensitivity and overlay sensitivity, and selecting one or more substrate measurement recipes from the plurality of substrate measurement recipes that have a value of the stack sensitivity that meets or crosses a threshold and that have a value of the overlay sensitivity within a certain finite range from a maximum or minimum value of the overlay sensitivity.
Abstract:
An inspection apparatus includes an optical system, which has a radiation beam delivery system for delivering radiation to a target, and a radiation beam collection system for collecting radiation after scattering from the target. Both the delivery system and the collection system comprise optical components that control the characteristics of the radiation and the collected radiation. By controlling the characteristics of one or both of the radiation and collected radiation, the depth of focus of the optical system may be increased.
Abstract:
A substrate has a plurality of overlay gratings formed thereon by a lithographic process. Each overlay grating has a known overlay bias. The values of overlay bias include for example two values in a region centered on zero and two values in a region centered on P/2, where P is the pitch of the gratings. Overlay is calculated from asymmetry measurements for the gratings using knowledge of the different overlay bias values, each of the overall asymmetry measurements being weighted by a corresponding weight factor. Each one of the weight factors represents a measure of feature asymmetry within the respective overlay grating. The calculation is used to improve subsequent performance of the measurement process, and/or the lithographic process. Some of the asymmetry measurements may additionally be weighted by a second weight factor in order to eliminate or reduce the contribution of phase asymmetry to the overlay.
Abstract:
A substrate has three or more overlay gratings formed thereon by a lithographic process. Each overlay grating has a known overlay bias. The values of overlay bias include for example two values in a region centered on zero and two values in a region centered on P/2, where P is the pitch of the gratings. Overlay is calculated from asymmetry measurements for the gratings using knowledge of the different overlay bias values and an assumed non-linear relationship between overlay and target asymmetry, thereby to correct for feature asymmetry. The periodic relationship in the region of zero bias and P/2 has gradients of opposite sign. The calculation allows said gradients to have different magnitudes as well as opposite sign. The calculation also provides information on feature asymmetry and other processing effects. This information is used to improve subsequent performance of the measurement process, and/or the lithographic process.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatuses for measuring a plurality of structures formed on a substrate are disclosed. In one arrangement, a method includes obtaining data from a first measurement process. The first measurement process including individually measuring each of the plurality of structures to measure a first property of the structure. A second measurement process is used to measure a second property of each of the plurality of structures. The second measurement process includes illuminating each structure with radiation having a radiation property that is individually selected for that structure using the measured first property for the structure.