公开(公告)号：US08130140B2

公开(公告)日：2012-03-06

申请号：US12759808

申请日：2010-04-14

Applicant: Alexandr Draganov ,  Aaron Weinberg

Inventor： Alexandr Draganov ,  Aaron Weinberg

IPC: H04B7/185 ,  H01Q3/00

CPC classification number: H04B7/2041

Abstract: A method for determining beamforming weights used onboard a satellite and ground-based beamforming weights used in a ground-based station as part of a satellite communication system. This beamforming method is a two-stage beamforming process that requires a reduced downlink bandwidth between the satellite and the ground-based station yet achieves optimal signal-to-noise ratio for bandwidth allocated for the downlink. values for the fixed onboard beamforming weights are computed to yield a maximum, max A ⁢ ( min U ⁢ S N ⁢ ❘ W = W ⋓ ) , where the maximum is computed over all possible fixed weights A represented by an L×M matrix, the minimum is computed over all possible positions of remote communication devices U, and the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) is computed for the optimal set of ground-based beamforming weights W={hacek over (W)}.

Abstract translation: 作为卫星通信系统的一部分，用于确定在地面站中使用的基于卫星和地面波束成形权重的波束成形权重的方法。 该波束成形方法是两级波束成形过程，其需要卫星和地面站之间的减少的下行链路带宽，但是为下行链路分配的带宽实现最佳信噪比。 计算固定车载波束成形权重的值，以产生最大值max（最小U SN？W = W⋓），其中在由L×M矩阵表示的所有可能的固定权重A上计算最大值， 在远程通信设备U的所有可能位置上计算最小值，并且针对地面波束形成权重W = {hacek over（W）}的最佳集合计算信噪比（S / N）。

公开(公告)号：US07728766B2

公开(公告)日：2010-06-01

申请号：US11392827

申请日：2006-03-30

Applicant: Alexandr Draganov ,  Aaron Weinberg

Inventor： Alexandr Draganov ,  Aaron Weinberg

IPC: H04B7/185

CPC classification number: H04B7/2041

Abstract: A method for determining beamforming weights used onboard a satellite and ground-based beamforming weights used in a ground-based station as part of a satellite communication system. This beamforming method is a two-stage beamforming process that requires a reduced downlink bandwidth between the satellite and the ground-based station yet achieves optimal signal-to-noise ratio for bandwidth allocated for the downlink. values for the fixed onboard beamforming weights are computed to yield a maximum, max A ⁢ ( min U ⁢ S N ⁢ | W = W ⋓ ) , where the maximum is computed over all possible fixed weights A represented by an L×M matrix, the minimum is computed over all possible positions of remote communication devices U, and the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) is computed for the optimal set of ground-based beamforming weights W={hacek over (W)}.

Abstract translation: 作为卫星通信系统的一部分，用于确定在地面站中使用的基于卫星和地面波束成形权重的波束成形权重的方法。 该波束成形方法是两级波束成形过程，其需要卫星和地面站之间的减少的下行链路带宽，但是为下行链路分配的带宽实现最佳信噪比。 计算固定板载波束成形权重的值，以产生最大值max（最小U SN | W = W⋓），其中在由L×M矩阵表示的所有可能的固定权重A上计算最大值， 在远程通信设备U的所有可能位置上计算最小值，并且针对地面波束形成权重W = {hacek over（W）}的最佳集合计算信噪比（S / N）。

公开(公告)号：US20100022025A1

公开(公告)日：2010-01-28

申请号：US12390890

申请日：2009-02-23

Applicant: AARON WEINBERG ,  Santosh K. Ghosh

Inventor： AARON WEINBERG ,  Santosh K. Ghosh

IPC: G01N33/566

CPC classification number: G01N33/54393 ,  G01N2333/4721 ,  Y10S435/962 ,  Y10S436/825

Abstract: A method of detecting β-defensin in a bodily sample from a subject includes reducing the electrostatic interaction between β-defensin and negatively charged moieties in the bodily sample prior to detecting the β-defensin with an antibody or epitope binding fragment thereof.

Abstract translation: 检测来自受试者的身体样品中的β-防御素的方法包括在用抗体或其表位结合片段检测β-防御素之前降低体内样品中β-防御素和带负电荷的部分之间的静电相互作用。

公开(公告)号：US07221696B1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-22

申请号：US10376450

申请日：2003-03-03

Applicant: Gene Allan McLeod ,  Aaron Weinberg

Inventor： Gene Allan McLeod ,  Aaron Weinberg

IPC: H04B1/707

CPC classification number: H04L27/0014 ,  H04B1/7077 ,  H04L2027/003 ,  H04L2027/0053

Abstract: A Spread Spectrum system acquires signals with frequency uncertainty. The present invention independently computes the number of frequency bands necessary to cover the carrier frequency uncertainty and the chip rate uncertainty and uses the largest of the two quantities in the acquisition process. A receiver cycles through pseudonoise code phases until a matched filter output exceeds a threshold. The local code is adjusted based on that code phase and the signal is processed for carrier acquisition, where an FFT estimates the carrier frequency. The code phase and nearest neighbors are used to determine the presence of a false alarm. When a false alarm is absent, the detection is examined for an alias or noise spur. If an alias is absent, the signal search is complete. Otherwise, processing continues to search for a pseudonoise code. The process continues by examining all code phases for each band until a signal is detected.

Abstract translation: 扩频系统采集频率不确定的信号。 本发明独立地计算覆盖载波频率不确定性和码片速率不确定性所需的频带的数量，并且在采集过程中使用两个量中的最大值。 A接收器循环伪噪声码相位，直到匹配的滤波器输出超过阈值。 基于该代码阶段调整本地代码，并且处理信号用于载波采集，其中FFT估计载波频率。 代码阶段和最近邻居用于确定是否存在虚假警报。 当不存在虚假警报时，将检查检测到别名或噪声刺激。 如果不存在别名，则信号搜索完成。 否则，处理继续搜索伪噪声码。 该过程通过检查每个频带的所有码相继续，直到检测到信号。

公开(公告)号：US5991596A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-23

申请号：US736111

申请日：1996-10-24

Applicant: Kenneth Cunningham ,  Joseph Smallcomb ,  Aaron Weinberg ,  Daniel Urban ,  Ray Allen Daniel ,  Joseph Ziegler ,  Rudy Rihani

Inventor： Kenneth Cunningham ,  Joseph Smallcomb ,  Aaron Weinberg ,  Daniel Urban ,  Ray Allen Daniel ,  Joseph Ziegler ,  Rudy Rihani

IPC: H04B7/185 ,  H04N7/20

CPC classification number: H04L12/1868 ,  H04B7/18584 ,  H04L12/189

Abstract: An information broadcast system having a broadband broadcast system selected from cable and satellite for broadcasting requested information from a selected information source, including the Internet, to one or more selected subscriber stations includes an independent backhaul channel for communicating information request signals from a subscriber station to one or more central processing stations. The system includes a data broadcast station for transmitting requested data from the selected data source and central station via the data broadcast station to the one or more selected subscriber stations. The high-data rate broadcast station forwards requested data from a data source to the data broadcast station. A backhaul satellite communication system, independent of the broadband broadcast system, has a backhaul satellite ground terminal for coupling information request signals from backhaul satellite communication system to high data broadcast station terminal. Each subscriber station has a broadband broadcast receiver for receiving requested information broadcast by the high data rate broadcast and a satellite antenna for transmitting backhaul request signals to the backhaul satellite.

Abstract translation: 具有从有线和卫星选择的宽带广播系统的信息广播系统，用于从包括因特网在内的选定信息源向一个或多个所选择的用户站广播所请求的信息，包括独立的回程信道，用于将来自用户站的信息请求信号传送到 一个或多个中央处理站。 该系统包括数据广播站，用于经由数据广播站将所请求的数据从所选择的数据源和中心站发送到一个或多个所选择的用户站。 高数据速率广播站将请求的数据从数据源转发到数据广播站。 独立于宽带广播系统的回程卫星通信系统具有用于将来自回程卫星通信系统的信息请求信号耦合到高数据广播站终端的回程卫星接地终端。 每个用户站具有用于接收由高数据速率广播广播的请求信息的宽带广播接收机和用于向回程卫星发送回程请求信号的卫星天线。

公开(公告)号：US5577066A

公开(公告)日：1996-11-19

申请号：US242103

申请日：1994-05-13

Applicant: Leonard Schuchman ,  Aaron Weinberg

Inventor： Leonard Schuchman ,  Aaron Weinberg

IPC: G11C27/04 ,  H03H15/02 ,  H04B1/38 ,  H04H20/00 ,  H04L27/18

CPC classification number: H04L27/18 ,  G11C27/04 ,  H04B1/38 ,  H04H2201/20

Abstract: A data-in-voice modem is disclosed using charge coupled devices. Unique features include: (1) Baseband-to-IF upconversion to enable CCD-based demod/processing; (2) All analog (no analog-to-digital A/D required); option for post-CCD A/D; (3) Additional on-chip functions; (4) Stand-alone, CCD-based high-rate modem over telephone lines; and (5) CCD-based cable-tv/multimedia processing, via baseband-to-IF upconversion, followed by IF-sampled CCD processing.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种使用电荷耦合器件的数据语音调制解调器。 独特的功能包括：（1）基带到IF上变频，实现基于CCD的解调/处理; （2）所有模拟（不需要模拟到数字A / D）; 后CCD A / D选项; （3）额外的片上功能; （4）电话线上独立的基于CCD的高速调制解调器; 和（5）基于CCD的有线电视/多媒体处理，通过基带到IF上变频，然后进行IF采样CCD处理。

公开(公告)号：US5483549A

公开(公告)日：1996-01-09

申请号：US205496

申请日：1994-03-04

Applicant: Aaron Weinberg ,  Kenneth D. Cunningham ,  Daniel Urban ,  Matthew S. Simmons ,  Thomas Land ,  Martin W. Tucker

Inventor： Aaron Weinberg ,  Kenneth D. Cunningham ,  Daniel Urban ,  Matthew S. Simmons ,  Thomas Land ,  Martin W. Tucker

IPC: F02B75/02 ,  G01S7/285 ,  H04L27/20 ,  H04B1/69

CPC classification number: H04L27/20 ,  G01S7/285 ,  F02B2075/027

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel receiver architecture, the Charge-Coupled-Device Integrated Receiver (IR), which simplifies electronic circuitry requirements and reduce baseband processing rates through efficient signal processing. The focus of this receiver's design is its use of Charge-Coupled-Device (CCD) technology. By using CCD's, in conjunction with other key technologies, to implement the signal processing techniques disclosed herein, it is possible to provide a receiver that is suitable for a wide range of applications (e.g., communications, sonar, radar, etc.). Information is presented which outlines the fundamental receiver architecture that is appropriate for a wide range of commercial services (e.g., AMPS, NAMPS, Digital Cellular, GSM, PCS, ISM, CT1, CT2, etc.) Furthermore, tile versatility of this architecture makes it suited for uses ranging from simple AM/FM receivers to complex high-order modulation TDMA/CDMA receivers.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种新颖的接收机体系结构，即电荷耦合器件集成接收器（IR），其通过有效信号处理简化了电子电路要求并降低了基带处理速率。 该接收机设计的重点是使用电荷耦合器件（CCD）技术。 通过使用CCD与其他关键技术结合来实现本文公开的信号处理技术，可以提供适用于广泛应用（例如，通信，声纳，雷达等）的接收机。 介绍了适用于广泛商业服务（例如AMPS，NAMPS，数字蜂窝，GSM，PCS，ISM，CT1，CT2等）的基本接收机架构的信息。此外，该架构的瓦片多功能性 它适用于从简单的AM / FM接收机到复杂高阶调制TDMA / CDMA接收机的用途。

公开(公告)号：US5144642A

公开(公告)日：1992-09-01

申请号：US593433

申请日：1990-10-05

Applicant: Aaron Weinberg ,  Cunninghasm, Ken ,  Daniel Urban ,  Laurence Mailaender

Inventor： Aaron Weinberg ,  Cunninghasm, Ken ,  Daniel Urban ,  Laurence Mailaender

IPC: H04B17/00

CPC classification number: H04B17/345

Abstract: The interference detection and characterization system of this invention supports modern communication systems which have to contend with a variety of intentional and unintentional interference souces. As an add-on to existing communications equipment, the invention employs novel signal processing techniques to automatically detect the presence of communications channel irregularities in near real-time and alert the attending operator. Information provided to the operator through a user-friendly interface is used to characterize the type of interference and its degree of severity. Once characterized, the information is used by the operator to take corrective actions including the activation of alternative communication plans or, in some instances, mitigation of the interference. Since output from the system of this invention lends itself well to expert system and neural network environments, such systems could be employed to further aid the operator. The unique interference signal measurements provided by the system makes it useful in applications well beyond those for which it was originally intended. Other uses for which the invention has shown great potential include bit error rate estimators, communication channel scanners, and as laboratory test equipment to support receiver development and performance verification.

Abstract translation: 本发明的干扰检测和表征系统支持必须应对各种有意和无意的干扰源的现代通信系统。 作为现有通信设备的附加物，本发明采用新颖的信号处理技术来近似实时地自动检测通信信道不规则的存在，并提醒主管人员。 通过用户友好界面提供给操作员的信息用于表征干扰类型及其严重程度。 一旦表征，信息被操作者用来采取纠正措施，包括激活替代通信计划，或者在某些情况下减轻干扰。 由于本发明的系统的输出本身适用于专家系统和神经网络环境，所以可以使用这样的系统来进一步帮助操作者。 系统提供的独特的干扰信号测量使其在远远超出其原始应用范围的应用中非常有用。 本发明显示出巨大潜力的其他用途包括误码率估计器，通信信道扫描仪，以及支持接收机开发和性能验证的实验室测试设备。

公开(公告)号：US5126682A

公开(公告)日：1992-06-30

申请号：US670810

申请日：1991-03-18

Applicant: Aaron Weinberg ,  Kenneth Cunningham ,  Daniel Urban

Inventor： Aaron Weinberg ,  Kenneth Cunningham ,  Daniel Urban

IPC: H03D3/00 ,  H03D3/22 ,  H04L27/233

CPC classification number: H04L27/2334 ,  H03D3/007 ,  H03D2200/0062 ,  H03D3/22

Abstract: A demodulator apparatus for demodulating a data bearing broadcast signal in the absence of mixers and without incurring quantization errors. The apparatus incorporates a receiver for receiving a broadcast signal and producing therefrom a predetermined intermediate carrier frequency (F.sub.IF), transversal filter connected to receive the intermediate carrier frequency F.sub.IF has N active stages and tap weight means at each of said stages for entering a tap weight sequence to yield maximum correlation energy when desired alignment occurs to thereby make phase and frequency agreement between local timing and the received signal, and the frequency F.sub.IF is sampled at a clock rate (F.sub.s) of: ##EQU1## wherein F.sub.IF is the intermediate frequency and K is a scaling factor which is related to the number of carrier cycles per stage, the transversal filter includes a charge coupled device having the N active stages.

Abstract translation: 一种用于在没有混频器的情况下解调承载数据的广播信号并且不产生量化误差的解调器装置。 该装置包括用于接收广播信号并由其产生预定的中间载波频率（FIF）的接收机，连接到接收中间载波频率的横向滤波器，在每个所述级中具有N个有效级和抽头权重装置，用于输入抽头重量 序列以产生期望对准发生时的最大相关能，从而使得本地定时与接收信号之间的相位和频率一致，并且频率FIF以以下时钟速率（Fs）被采样：其中FIF是中间频率， K是与每级的载波周期数相关的缩放因子，横向滤波器包括具有N个有源级的电荷耦合器件。

公开(公告)号：US5041833A

公开(公告)日：1991-08-20

申请号：US534328

申请日：1990-06-04

Applicant: Aaron Weinberg

Inventor： Aaron Weinberg

IPC: G01S5/14 ,  G01S11/08 ,  G01S19/11 ,  H04B7/185

CPC classification number: G01S11/08 ,  G01S5/14 ,  H04B7/18552

Abstract: A precise ranging and timing system using pseudo-noise bandwidth synthesis to provide precise orbit determination for geosynchronous and low earth orbit satellites, navigation of low earth orbiting satellite through signals transmitted through geosynchronous satellites and precise time-transfer. The system includes a novel signal structure which is comprised of disjoint, narrow band, spectral components spread over a wide bandwidth. The number of spectral components, their individual bandwidths, and their specific spectral locations over the end-to-end spread bandwidth determine the ultimate capabilities and performance achievable. The broad beam transmission of the precise ranging and timing system signal via a geosynchronous satellite provide the precise ranging and timing system capability to suitably equipped users for a multiplicity of purposes including: (1) precise orbit determination, (2) navigation of low-earth orbiting satellites through signals transmitted through geosynchronous satellites, and (3) precise time transfer.

Abstract translation: 使用伪噪声带宽合成的精确测距和定时系统为地球同步和低地球轨道卫星提供精确的轨道确定，通过地球同步卫星传输的信号和精确的时间传输来导航低地球轨道卫星。 该系统包括一个新颖的信号结构，由不相交的窄带，宽带宽分布的频谱分量组成。 频谱分量的数量，其各自的带宽以及其在端到端扩展带宽上的特定频谱位置决定了可实现的最终性能和性能。 通过地球同步卫星的精确测距和定时系统信号的宽波束传输为适当装备的用户提供了多种目的的精确测距和定时系统能力，包括：（1）精确轨道确定，（2）低地球导航 轨道卫星通过地球同步卫星传输的信号，以及（3）精确的时间传递。