公开(公告)号：US5857338A

公开(公告)日：1999-01-12

申请号：US766932

申请日：1996-12-16

申请人： Meir Rigal

发明人： Meir Rigal

IPC分类号： F01D11/04 ,  F03G4/06 ,  F03G7/04 ,  F16J15/00 ,  F01B31/00

CPC分类号： F01D11/04 ,  F03G7/04 ,  Y02E10/10

摘要： A seal system for a geothermal power plant of the type having a steam turbine operating on high pressure steam produced from geothermal fluid includes a high pressure seal housing associated with the high pressure stage of the turbine. The housing has a first internal chamber for receiving geothermal steam that leaks from the high pressure stage, and a further internal chamber for receiving geothermal steam leaking from the first internal chamber. A condenser/vaporizer is provided for condensing steam from the further internal chamber using an organic fluid and producing condensate that can be disposed of in a re-injection well. Leakage of high pressure geothermal steam through the seal is suppressed because most of the leakage with be shunted to the condenser/vaporizer, which preferably is associated with a module that includes a steam turbine and an organic turbine coupled to a generator.

摘要翻译： 一种用于地热发电厂的密封系统，其具有由地热流体产生的高压蒸汽运行的蒸汽轮机，包括与涡轮机的高压级相关联的高压密封壳体。 壳体具有用于接收从高压级泄漏的地热蒸汽的第一内部室和用于接收从第一内部室泄漏的地热蒸汽的另一内部室。 提供冷凝器/蒸发器，用于使用有机流体冷凝来自另外的内部室的蒸汽，并产生可在再注入井中处理的冷凝物。 抑制了通过密封件的高压地热蒸汽的泄漏，因为大部分泄漏被分流到冷凝器/蒸发器，其优选地与包括蒸汽轮机和耦合到发电机的有机涡轮机的模块相关联。

公开(公告)号：US5822990A

公开(公告)日：1998-10-20

申请号：US598950

申请日：1996-02-09

申请人： Alexander I. Kalina ,  Lawrence B. Rhodes

发明人： Alexander I. Kalina ,  Lawrence B. Rhodes

IPC分类号： F03G4/06 ,  F01K23/04 ,  F01K25/06 ,  F01K25/10 ,  F03G7/04

CPC分类号： F01K23/04 ,  F01K25/06 ,  F03G7/04 ,  Y02E10/10 ,  Y02E20/12

摘要： Converting heat in a primary fluid (e.g., steam) to useful energy by multistage expansion of the primary fluid, heating of a multicomponent working fluid in a separate closed loop using heat of the primary fluid, and expansion of the multicomponent working fluid. The primary fluid in a vapor state is expanded in a first stage expander to obtain useful energy and to produce a partially expanded primary fluid. The partially expanded primary fluid stream is then separated into liquid and vapor components and split into a vapor stream (which is expanded in a second stage expander) and a further primary stream (which used to heat the multicomponent working fluid).

摘要翻译： 通过主流体的多级膨胀将初级流体（例如蒸汽）中的热量转换为有用能量，使用初级流体的热量在单独的闭合回路中加热多组分工作流体以及多组分工作流体的膨胀。 蒸汽状态下的主要流体在第一级膨胀器中膨胀以获得有用能量并产生部分膨胀的初级流体。 然后将部分膨胀的初级流体流分离成液体和蒸汽组分，并分成蒸气流（其在第二级膨胀器中膨胀）和另外的初级流（其用于加热多组分工作流体）。

公开(公告)号：US5816048A

公开(公告)日：1998-10-06

申请号：US403262

申请日：1995-03-13

申请人： Lucien Y. Bronicki ,  Uri Kaplan ,  Moshe Grassiani

发明人： Lucien Y. Bronicki ,  Uri Kaplan ,  Moshe Grassiani

IPC分类号： F03G7/04 ,  F03G7/00

CPC分类号： F03G7/04 ,  Y02E10/10

摘要： A method for utilizing acidic geothermal fluid (e.g., fluid having a pH of less than about 3.5) containing non-condensable gases in a geothermal power plant includes separating the geothermal fluid into steam and brine, applying the steam to a device from which power and steam condensate is produced. Such device can be a back-pressure steam turbine whose exhaust can be cooled by organic fluid to produce organic vapor that is expanded in an organic vapor turbine. Alternatively, the steam can be applied to the steam-side of an indirect contact heat exchanger containing a liquid organic working fluid for producing steam condensate and vaporized working fluid. In such case, the steam condensate produced by the heat exchanger is less acidic than the brine. The vaporized working fluid is expanded in an organic vapor turbine for producing electricity and expanded working fluid, and the expanded working fluid is condensed for producing condensed organic fluid which is preheated and supplied to the heat exchanger. Preheating of the condensed organic fluid is achieved using heat contained in both the steam condensate and brine which are cooled thereby. The dilution of the brine by the steam condensate causes the concentration of acids, e.g., hydrochloric acid, and salts in the brine, to return to less than their original values in the geothermal brine.

摘要翻译： 在地热发电厂中使用含有不可冷凝气体的酸性地热流体（例如，pH小于约3.5的流体）的方法包括将地热流体分离成蒸汽和盐水，将蒸汽施加到一个装置上， 产生蒸汽冷凝物。 这种装置可以是背压蒸汽轮机，其排气可以通过有机流体冷却以产生在有机汽轮机中膨胀的有机蒸气。 或者，可以将蒸汽施加到含有用于产生蒸汽冷凝物和汽化的工作流体的液体有机工作流体的间接接触热交换器的蒸汽侧。 在这种情况下，由热交换器产生的蒸汽冷凝物比盐水酸性低。 蒸发的工作流体在用于产生电力和膨胀的工作流体的有机蒸汽涡轮机中膨胀，并且膨胀的工作流体被冷凝以产生预热和供应到热交换器的冷凝有机流体。 冷凝的有机流体的预热是通过将冷却的蒸汽冷凝物和盐水中所含的热量实现的。 蒸汽冷凝物对盐水的稀释使得酸（例如盐酸）和盐水中的盐的浓度在地热盐水中回到小于其原始值。

公开(公告)号：US5809782A

公开(公告)日：1998-09-22

申请号：US815660

申请日：1997-03-10

申请人： Lucien Y. Bronicki ,  Naday Amir ,  Uri Kaplan

发明人： Lucien Y. Bronicki ,  Naday Amir ,  Uri Kaplan

IPC分类号： F03G7/04

CPC分类号： F03G7/04 ,  Y02E10/10

摘要： A modular power plant operating from a source of geothermal fluid that produces geothermal steam containing non-condensable gases such as hydrogen sulfide, and geothermal brine, includes a steam module and an organic fluid module. The steam module has a steam turbine coupled to a generator for expanding the geothermal steam and producing electrical power, low pressure steam, and condensed steam. The organic fluid module includes a vaporizer containing an organic fluid and receiving low pressure steam slightly above atmospheric pressure from the steam module for producing vaporized organic fluid, steam condensate, and a mixture of steam and non-condensable gases, an organic vapor turbine coupled to a generator for expanding the vaporized organic fluid and producing electrical power and expanded organic fluid, a condenser for condensing the expanded organic fluid to liquid organic fluid, preheater apparatus for preheating the liquid organic fluid using heat contained in the steam condensate and producing cooled steam condensate, and a pump for supplying preheated organic fluid to the vaporizer.

摘要翻译： 来自地热液源的模块化发电厂，其产生含有不可冷凝气体（例如硫化氢和地热卤水）的地热蒸汽，包括蒸汽模块和有机流体模块。 蒸汽模块具有联接到发电机的蒸汽轮机，用于膨胀地热蒸汽并产生电力，低压蒸汽和冷凝蒸汽。 有机流体模块包括蒸发器，其包含有机流体并从蒸汽模块接收略高于大气压力的低压蒸汽，用于产生蒸发的有机流体，蒸汽冷凝物以及蒸汽和不可冷凝气体的混合物，耦合到 用于膨胀蒸发的有机流体并产生电力和膨胀的有机流体的发生器，用于将膨胀的有机流体冷凝到液体有机流体的冷凝器，使用蒸汽冷凝物中包含的热量预热液体有机流体的预热装置，并产生冷却的蒸汽冷凝物 以及用于将预热的有机流体供应到蒸发器的泵。

公开(公告)号：US5664419A

公开(公告)日：1997-09-09

申请号：US248550

申请日：1994-05-24

申请人： Uri Kaplan

发明人： Uri Kaplan

IPC分类号： F03G4/00 ,  F03G7/04

CPC分类号： F03G7/04 ,  Y02E10/10

摘要： Power is produced using a two-phase geothermal fluid, utilizing a separator for separating the geothermal fluid into a steam branch and a brine branch. A vaporizer, containing an organic fluid, is responsive to the steam in the steam branch for producing vaporized organic fluid and cooled steam. A preheater receives the brine in the brine branch and steam condensate from the vaporizer for transferring sensible heat to the organic fluid before the brine and steam condensate are disposed of. An organic vapor turbine is responsive to the vaporized organic fluid produced by the vaporizer for generating electricity and producing organic vapor that exits the turbine. A recuperator is provided for receiving the organic vapor that exits the turbine and heating liquid organic fluid, thereby producing heat depleted organic fluid. A condenser is responsive to the heat depleted organic fluid for condensing the same into liquid organic fluid. Finally, a pump is provided for pumping liquid organic fluid in the condenser back into the vaporizer through the recuperator and the preheater.

摘要翻译： 使用两相地热流体产生功率，利用分离器将地热流体分离成蒸汽分支和盐水分支。 含有有机流体的蒸发器响应于蒸汽分支中的蒸汽，用于产生蒸发的有机流体和冷却的蒸汽。 预热器接收盐水分支中的盐水和来自蒸发器的蒸汽冷凝物，用于在将盐水和蒸汽冷凝物处理之前将显热转移到有机流体。 有机蒸汽涡轮机响应于由蒸发器产生的蒸发的有机流体用于发电并产生离开涡轮机的有机蒸气。 提供一种换热器，用于接收离开涡轮机的有机蒸汽并加热液体有机流体，由此产生耗尽热量的有机流体。 冷凝器响应于耗尽热量的有机流体，将其冷凝成液体有机流体。 最后，提供一个泵，用于将冷凝器中的液态有机流体通过再热器和预热器返回蒸发器。

公开(公告)号：US5564282A

公开(公告)日：1996-10-15

申请号：US240000

申请日：1994-05-09

申请人： Glenn A. Kaye

发明人： Glenn A. Kaye

IPC分类号： F24J3/08 ,  F25B13/00 ,  F25B30/06

CPC分类号： F25B13/00 ,  F24J3/08 ,  F25B30/06 ,  F25B2313/002 ,  F25B2313/025 ,  F25B2313/0314 ,  F25B2313/0315 ,  F25B2341/066 ,  F25B2600/2513 ,  Y02E10/10

摘要： A "DX" heat pump is provided herein which is based on the principle of providing optimal heat exchange in the heating mode through at least two, but up to five or more parallel ground loops, all but one of which respectively can be cut off from the system and evacuated of refrigerant in the cooling mode, and selectively reintroduced as required in the cooling mode. The loops are designed in terms of volume so that the refrigerant charge is correct in the heating mode when split in the selected number of loops and also correct in the cooling mode when one or more loops are used, whereby it/they contain the full system refrigerant charge. The headers are provided with solenoid valves which can be individually operated to provide a staged cooling system.

摘要翻译： 本文提供了一种“DX”热泵，其基于通过至少两个但至多五个或更多个并联接地回路在加热模式中提供最佳热交换的原理，其中除了一个之外，其中一个可以分别从 该系统在制冷模式下排出制冷剂，并根据冷却模式中的要求选择性地重新引入。 循环是根据体积设计的，使得当在选定数量的回路中分流时，在加热模式中的制冷剂充注是正确的，并且当使用一个或多个回路时在制冷模式下校正，由此它/它们包含完整系统 制冷剂充注 集管设有电磁阀，可以单独操作以提供分级冷却系统。

公开(公告)号：US5526646A

公开(公告)日：1996-06-18

申请号：US279549

申请日：1994-07-25

申请人： Lucien Y. Bronicki ,  Nadav Amir ,  Moshe Grassiani

发明人： Lucien Y. Bronicki ,  Nadav Amir ,  Moshe Grassiani

IPC分类号： F01D15/10 ,  F01K23/04 ,  F01K25/08 ,  F03G7/04 ,  F03G7/00

CPC分类号： F01K25/08 ,  F01D15/10 ,  F01K23/04 ,  F03G7/04 ,  Y02E10/10

摘要： Apparatus for producing from a source of geothermal fluid that contains a mixture of high pressure steam, brine and noncondensable gases includes a heat exchanger for receiving geothermal fluid and transferring heat to water thereby vaporizing the same to produce steam. At least one power plant module is involved, the module having a steam turbine responsive to steam produced by the heat exchanger for producing work, a steam condenser containing an organic fluid and responsive to low pressure steam that exits the steam turbine for condensing the steam into a liquid and vaporizing the organic fluid. The module also contains an organic vapor turbine responsive to vaporizer organic fluid for producing work, and an organic vapor condenser responsive to the low pressure organic fluid that exits the organic vapor turbine condensing the organic vapor to a liquid that is returned to the steam condenser. The cooled geothermal fluid leaving the primary heat exchanger is conducted to a rejection well. Furthermore, an additional heat exchanger also can be provided, there being a first connection associated with both heat exchangers for selectively inserting the additional heat exchanger between the heat exchanger that receives the geothermal fluid and the injection well whereby the operation of the connection means may be coordinated with the operation of the power plant module.

摘要翻译： 用于从含有高压蒸汽，盐水和不可冷凝气体的混合物的地热流体源生产的装置包括用于接收地热流体并将热量传递给水的热交换器，从而将其蒸发以产生蒸汽。 至少包括一个发电厂模块，模块具有响应于由热交换器产生的蒸汽产生作业的汽轮机，包含有机流体的蒸汽冷凝器，并响应于离开蒸汽轮机的低压蒸汽，用于将蒸汽冷凝成 液体并蒸发有机流体。 该模块还包含响应蒸发器有机流体以产生作业的有机蒸气涡轮机，以及响应于将有机蒸汽涡轮机冷凝到返回到蒸汽冷凝器的液体的有机蒸汽涡轮机的低压有机流体的有机蒸气冷凝器。 离开主要热交换器的冷却的地热流体被传送到拒绝井。 此外，还可以提供另外的热交换器，存在与两个热交换器相关联的第一连接器，用于在接收地热流体的热交换器和注入井之间选择性地插入附加热交换器，由此连接装置的操作可以是 配合电厂模块的运行。

公开(公告)号：US5388419A

公开(公告)日：1995-02-14

申请号：US139200

申请日：1993-10-20

申请人： Glen A. Kaye

发明人： Glen A. Kaye

IPC分类号： F24J3/08 ,  F25B13/00 ,  F25B30/06

CPC分类号： F25B13/00 ,  F24J3/08 ,  F25B30/06 ,  F25B2313/002 ,  F25B2313/025 ,  F25B2313/0314 ,  F25B2313/0315 ,  F25B2341/066 ,  F25B2600/2513 ,  Y02E10/10

摘要： A "DX" heat pump is provided herein which is based on the principle of providing optimal heat exchange in the heating mode through three parallel ground loops, two of which can be cut off from the system and evacuated of refrigerant in the cooling mode. The loops are designed in terms of volume so that the refrigerant charge is correct in the heating mode when split in three loops and also correct in the cooling mode when only one loop is used, but it contains the full system refrigerant charge. The loops are provided with "TX" metering valves which can be individually operated to provide a staged cooling system.

摘要翻译： 本文提供了一种“DX”热泵，其基于通过三个并联接地回路在加热模式中提供最佳热交换的原理，其中两个可以在系统中被切断并在制冷模式下排出制冷剂。 这些回路根据体积设计，使得制冷剂在加热模式下是正确的，在三回路中分流时，并且在仅使用一个回路时在冷却模式下进行校正，但是它包含全系统制冷剂装料。 这些回路设有“TX”计量阀，可以单独操作以提供分级冷却系统。

公开(公告)号：US5338778A

公开(公告)日：1994-08-16

申请号：US592402

申请日：1990-10-03

申请人： Stephen A. Bedell ,  John D. Myers

发明人： Stephen A. Bedell ,  John D. Myers

IPC分类号： B01D53/52 ,  B01D53/14 ,  B01D53/77 ,  C01B17/05 ,  F03G7/04 ,  C01B17/00

CPC分类号： F03G7/04 ,  B01D53/1468 ,  B01D53/1493 ,  C01B17/05 ,  Y02E10/10

摘要： H.sub.2 S is removed from a fluid stream by contacting the stream with an aqueous solution having at least two components: an effective amount of an iron (III) chelate to oxidize H.sub.2 S to sulfur and, an amount of a water soluble anionic polymer containing sulfonic acid groups, carboxyl groups or mixtures thereof which is effective to stabilize the chelate. During the removal process the iron chelate is reduced to iron(II) chelate, and sulfur particles are produced.

摘要翻译： 通过使流与具有至少两种组分的水溶液接触来从流体物流中除去H 2 S：有效量的将硫化氢硫化成硫的铁（III）螯合物和一定量的含有磺酸基团的水溶性阴离子聚合物 ，羧基或其混合物，其有效稳定螯合物。 在去除过程中，铁螯合物被还原成铁（II）螯合物，并产生硫颗粒。

公开(公告)号：US5327734A

公开(公告)日：1994-07-12

申请号：US883443

申请日：1992-05-15

申请人： Francis D. Haynes ,  John P. Zarling ,  William F. Quinn

发明人： Francis D. Haynes ,  John P. Zarling ,  William F. Quinn

IPC分类号： E02D3/115 ,  E02D27/35 ,  F24J3/08 ,  F28D15/02 ,  F25D23/12

CPC分类号： F24J3/08 ,  E02D27/35 ,  E02D3/115 ,  F28D15/02 ,  Y02E10/10 ,  Y10S62/22

摘要： A thermosyphon for use in frozen or unfrozen soil includes an evaporator tion embedded in the soil, a condenser section exposed to ambient air, an intermediate section connecting the two sections and a heat exchanger connected to a mechanical refrigeration source and operable to cool either the condenser or the intermediate section of the thermosyphon during periods when the ambient temperature is higher than that at which passive thermosyphonic cooling occurs.

摘要翻译： 用于冷冻或未冷冻土壤的热虹吸管包括嵌入土壤中的蒸发器部分，暴露于环境空气的冷凝器部分，连接两部分的中间部分和连接到机械制冷源的热交换器，并可操作以冷却冷凝器 或在环境温度高于发生被动热虹吸冷却时的热虹吸管的中间部分。