公开(公告)号：US09948574B2

公开(公告)日：2018-04-17

申请号：US15253025

申请日：2016-08-31

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Gregory J. Shepherd ,  Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Christian Martin

IPC: H04L12/801 ,  H04L12/927 ,  H04L12/741 ,  H04L12/723

CPC classification number: H04L47/806 ,  H04L12/18 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L45/50 ,  H04L45/54 ,  H04L45/74 ,  H04L45/745 ,  H04L2212/00

Abstract: Methods and network devices are disclosed for multicast forwarding. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving at a node a multicast message comprising a message header, where the message header comprises an incoming message bit array and a set identifier value associated with the incoming message bit array. The method further comprises selecting a first forwarding table entry, the first forwarding table entry comprises a set identifier value matching that of the message header. The method further comprises comparing at least a portion of the incoming message bit array to a corresponding portion of a neighbor bit array of the first forwarding table entry, determining that for at least one relative bit position a corresponding destination node is both a destination for the message and a reachable destination from a first neighboring node, and forwarding a copy of the message to the first neighboring node.

公开(公告)号：US20170324575A1

公开(公告)日：2017-11-09

申请号：US15658110

申请日：2017-07-24

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Gregory J. Shepherd ,  John H.W. Bettink

IPC: H04L12/18 ,  H04L12/761 ,  H04L12/741

CPC classification number: H04L12/1886 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L45/54 ,  H04L45/745

Abstract: Various systems and methods for performing bit indexed explicit replication (BIER). For example, one method involves receiving a packet at a node. The packet includes a bit string. The node traverses the bit string and selects an entry in a bit indexed forwarding table (BIFT). The entry includes a forwarding bit mask. Based on the forwarding bit mask and the bit string, the node forwards the packet.

公开(公告)号：US09769068B2

公开(公告)日：2017-09-19

申请号：US14040989

申请日：2013-09-30

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Nagendra Kumar

IPC: H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/723 ,  H04L12/721

CPC classification number: H04L45/507 ,  H04L45/36

Abstract: A receiving node receives a virtual LDP initialization (vInit) message from a first node, where the vInit message comprises a request to establish a vLDP session between a requesting node and a target node. If the receiving node does not own a destination address of the vInit message, the receiving node is determined to be a relay node. The relay node inserts a relay label into the vInit message, where the relay label is an outgoing label that the relay node uses to reach the first node, and forwards the vInit message toward the destination address. If the receiving node owns the destination address, the receiving node is determined to be the target node, which extracts a stack of relay labels from the vInit message. The relay labels are used to define a return path to the requesting node for messages transmitted over the vLDP session.

公开(公告)号：US20170142006A1

公开(公告)日：2017-05-18

申请号：US15401829

申请日：2017-01-09

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Gregory J. Shepherd ,  Christian Martin

IPC: H04L12/723 ,  H04L12/801 ,  H04L12/751 ,  H04L12/721 ,  H04L12/741

CPC classification number: H04L45/50 ,  H04L12/18 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/12 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/54 ,  H04L45/74 ,  H04L45/745 ,  H04L47/33

Abstract: A method and network device are disclosed for multicast forwarding. In one embodiment, the method includes receiving at a node configured to use a bit-indexed forwarding table a multicast message comprising an incoming message bit array. The method further includes comparing the incoming message bit array to a first neighbor bit array within a first forwarding table entry, and determining that for at least one relative bit position in the bit arrays a corresponding destination node is both a destination for the message and a reachable destination from a first neighboring node. The method further includes forwarding toward the first neighboring node a copy of the message, where a first node on the path of the forwarded message is not configured to use a respective bit-indexed forwarding table. An embodiment of the device includes a network interface, a memory and a processor configured to perform steps of the method.

公开(公告)号：US20170099232A1

公开(公告)日：2017-04-06

申请号：US15253025

申请日：2016-08-31

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Gregory J. Shepherd ,  Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Christian Martin

IPC: H04L12/927 ,  H04L12/741

CPC classification number: H04L47/806 ,  H04L12/18 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L45/50 ,  H04L45/54 ,  H04L45/74 ,  H04L45/745 ,  H04L2212/00

Abstract: Methods and network devices are disclosed for multicast forwarding. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving at a node a multicast message comprising a message header, where the message header comprises an incoming message bit array and a set identifier value associated with the incoming message bit array. The method further comprises selecting a first forwarding table entry, the first forwarding table entry comprises a set identifier value matching that of the message header. The method further comprises comparing at least a portion of the incoming message bit array to a corresponding portion of a neighbor bit array of the first forwarding table entry, determining that for at least one relative bit position a corresponding destination node is both a destination for the message and a reachable destination from a first neighboring node, and forwarding a copy of the message to the first neighboring node.

公开(公告)号：US09544230B2

公开(公告)日：2017-01-10

申请号：US14536182

申请日：2014-11-07

Applicant: CISCO TECHNOLOGY, INC.

Inventor： Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Gregory J. Shepherd ,  Christian Martin

IPC: H04L12/18 ,  H04L12/741 ,  H04L12/703 ,  H04L12/761 ,  H04L12/723

CPC classification number: H04L45/50 ,  H04L12/18 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/12 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/54 ,  H04L45/74 ,  H04L45/745 ,  H04L47/33

Abstract: A method and network device are disclosed for multicast forwarding. In one embodiment, the method includes receiving at a node configured to use a bit-indexed forwarding table a multicast message comprising an incoming message bit array. The method further includes comparing the incoming message bit array to a first neighbor bit array within a first forwarding table entry, and determining that for at least one relative bit position in the bit arrays a corresponding destination node is both a destination for the message and a reachable destination from a first neighboring node. The method further includes forwarding toward the first neighboring node a copy of the message, where a first node on the path of the forwarded message is not configured to use a respective bit-indexed forwarding table. An embodiment of the device includes a network interface, a memory and a processor configured to perform steps of the method.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于组播转发的方法和网络设备。 在一个实施例中，该方法包括在被配置为使用位索引转发表的节点处接收包括输入消息位阵列的多播消息。 该方法还包括将输入消息比特阵列与第一转发表条目中的第一相邻比特阵列进行比较，并且确定对于比特阵列中的至少一个相对比特位置，相应的目的地节点既是消息的目的地也是 可达目的地从第一个相邻节点。 该方法还包括向第一相邻节点转发消息的副本，其中转发消息的路径上的第一节点未配置为使用相应的位索引转发表。 该设备的实施例包括网络接口，存储器和被配置为执行该方法的步骤的处理器。

公开(公告)号：US09509520B2

公开(公告)日：2016-11-29

申请号：US14298342

申请日：2014-06-06

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Ijsbrand Wijnands

IPC: H04L12/18 ,  H04L12/707 ,  H04L12/703 ,  H04L12/723 ,  H04L12/24

CPC classification number: H04L12/18 ,  H04L41/0659 ,  H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/50

Abstract: An apparatus and method for detection of repair nodes in a network. In one embodiment of the method, a first node generates a first message and a second message, wherein each of the first and second messages includes a first node identification (ID) that uniquely identifies the first node within a network. The first message includes a first path ID, wherein the first path ID corresponds to a first path through which the first node receives data packets of a stream. The second message includes a second path ID, wherein the second path ID corresponds to a second path through which the first node receives copies of the data packets. The first and second path IDs are distinct from each other. The first node transmits the first message upstream towards a root node for the stream via a first interface of the first node, and the first node transmits the second message upstream towards the root node via a second interface of the first node. The first and second interfaces are distinct from each other.

Abstract translation: 一种用于检测网络中的修复节点的装置和方法。 在该方法的一个实施例中，第一节点生成第一消息和第二消息，其中第一和第二消息中的每一个包括唯一地标识网络中的第一节点的第一节点标识（ID）。 第一消息包括第一路径ID，其中第一路径ID对应于第一节点接收到流的数据分组的第一路径。 第二消息包括第二路径ID，其中第二路径ID对应于第一节点通过该第二路径接收数据分组的副本。 第一和第二路径ID彼此不同。 所述第一节点经由所述第一节点的第一接口向所述流的根节点向上游发送所述第一消息，并且所述第一节点经由所述第一节点的第二接口向所述根节点向上游发送所述第二消息。 第一和第二接口彼此不同。

公开(公告)号：US20160277201A1

公开(公告)日：2016-09-22

申请号：US14661301

申请日：2015-03-18

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Pascal Thubert ,  Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Gregory Shepherd

IPC: H04L12/18 ,  H04W52/02 ,  H04W72/00

CPC classification number: H04L12/1881 ,  H04L1/1614 ,  H04L1/188 ,  H04L2001/0093 ,  H04W52/0219 ,  H04W72/005 ,  H04W84/18 ,  Y02D70/00 ,  Y02D70/142 ,  Y02D70/144 ,  Y02D70/22

Abstract: In one embodiment, a device in a network sends a first multicast message to a plurality of destinations in the network. The first multicast message includes a first bitmap that identifies the destinations. The device receives one or more acknowledgements from a subset of the destinations. The device determines a retransmission bitmap that identifies those of the plurality of destinations that did not acknowledge the first multicast message, based on the received one or more acknowledgements. The device sends a retransmission multicast message to those of the plurality of destinations that did not acknowledge the first multicast message. The retransmission multicast message includes the retransmission bitmap.

Abstract translation: 在一个实施例中，网络中的设备向网络中的多个目的地发送第一多播消息。 第一组播消息包括标识目的地的第一位图。 设备从目的地的子集接收一个或多个确认。 该设备基于所接收的一个或多个确认来确定识别那些未确认第一多播消息的多个目的地的重传位图。 该装置向未确认第一多播消息的多个目的地的装置发送重传多播消息。 重传多播消息包括重传位图。

公开(公告)号：US09288069B2

公开(公告)日：2016-03-15

申请号：US13792792

申请日：2013-03-11

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Stefan Olofsson ,  Ijsbrand Wijnands

IPC: H04L12/18

CPC classification number: H04L12/1863

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for a loop avoidance technique that implements an upstream neighbor check to detect any forwarding inconsistencies. When a message is received from a neighbor routing element, an upstream neighbor check is performed to determine whether the neighbor routing element is an upstream neighbor toward a content provider of a datastream identified in the message. If the check determines that the neighbor routing element is not an upstream neighbor, then a forwarding inconsistency is not detected. If the check determines that the neighbor routing element is an upstream neighbor, then a forwarding inconsistency is detected.

Abstract translation: 本公开提供了一种循环避免技术，其实现上游邻居检查以检测任何转发不一致。 当从邻居路由元件接收到消息时，执行上游邻居检查以确定邻居路由元件是否是朝向消息中标识的数据流的内容提供商的上游邻居。 如果检查确定邻居路由元素不是上游邻居，则不检测到转发不一致。 如果检查确定邻居路由元素是上游邻居，则检测到转发不一致。

公开(公告)号：US09154316B2

公开(公告)日：2015-10-06

申请号：US13681809

申请日：2012-11-20

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Arjen Boers

IPC: H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/18 ,  H04L12/701 ,  H04L12/715 ,  H04L12/761 ,  H04L12/723 ,  H04L12/773

CPC classification number: H04L12/18 ,  H04L45/00 ,  H04L45/04 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L45/50 ,  H04L45/60

Abstract: An apparatus and method for emulating a shared or source distribution tree within an MPLS network. In one embodiment of the method, a router receives a multicast data packet. The router transmits the multicast data packet to a first router via a first point-to-point label switched path (LSP). The router replicates the multicast data packet to produce a replicated multicast data packet. Then the router transmits the replicated multicast data packet to a second router via a second point-to-point LSP. The first point-to-point LSP is distinct from the second point-to-point LSP.

Abstract translation: 一种在MPLS网络内仿真共享或源分发树的装置和方法。 在该方法的一个实施例中，路由器接收多播数据分组。 路由器通过第一个点对点标签交换路径（LSP）将组播数据包发送到第一个路由器。 路由器复制组播数据包以产生复制的组播数据包。 然后，路由器经由第二点对点LSP将复制的多播数据分组发送到第二路由器。 第一个点到点的LSP与第二个点到点的LSP不同。