公开(公告)号：US09369297B2

公开(公告)日：2016-06-14

申请号：US14341536

申请日：2014-07-25

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Arjen Boers

IPC: H04L12/18 ,  H04L12/751 ,  H04L12/761 ,  H04L12/753 ,  H04L12/723

CPC classification number: H04L12/1886 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L45/48 ,  H04L45/50

Abstract: A method is provided for pruning an MP2MP tree. The method includes, in a first node of an MP2MP LSP tree, determining whether the first node has only a single replication branch for the MP2MP LSP tree, the single replication branch representing a downstream path to only a second node of the plurality of nodes. In response to determining that the first node has only a single replication branch for the MP2MP LSP tree, sending a message to the second node indicating that the second node should refrain from sending upstream traffic towards the first node, and in response to determining that the first node does not have only a single replication branch for the MP2MP LSP tree, refraining from sending a message to the second node indicating that the second node should refrain from sending upstream traffic of the MP2MP LSP tree towards the first node.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种修剪MP2MP树的方法。 该方法在MP2MP LSP树的第一节点中确定第一节点是否仅具有用于MP2MP LSP树的单个复制分支，单个复制分支表示仅到多个节点中的第二节点的下游路径。 响应于确定第一节点仅具有用于MP2MP LSP树的单个复制分支，向第二节点发送消息，指示第二节点不应该向第一节点发送上行业务，并且响应于确定 第一节点不具有用于MP2MP LSP树的单个复制分支，避免向第二节点发送消息，指示第二节点不应该向第一节点发送MP2MP LSP树的上行流量。

公开(公告)号：US09253250B2

公开(公告)日：2016-02-02

申请号：US13839764

申请日：2013-03-15

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Rajiv Asati ,  Ijsbrand Wijnands

IPC: H04L29/08 ,  H04L12/703 ,  H04L12/761 ,  H04L12/707 ,  H04L12/753 ,  H04L12/723

CPC classification number: H04L67/10 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/48 ,  H04L45/50

Abstract: In one embodiment, a merge process can determine a primary tree among nodes in a communication network, determine a backup tree for a protected segment of the primary tree, the backup tree having at least a portion of overlap with the primary tree, and stitch the backup tree to the primary tree for each node of the portion of overlap such that when a message is transmitted for a group according to the backup tree, each node of the portion of overlap receives a single instance of the message of the group.

Abstract translation: 在一个实施例中，合并过程可以确定通信网络中的节点之间的主树，确定主树的受保护段的备份树，备份树具有与主树重叠的至少一部分，并且将 备份树到重叠部分的每个节点的主树，使得当根据备份树发送用于组的消息时，重叠部分的每个节点接收该组的消息的单个实例。

公开(公告)号：US09246797B2

公开(公告)日：2016-01-26

申请号：US13764030

申请日：2013-02-11

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Nagendra Kumar ,  Ijsbrand Wijnands

IPC: H04J3/26 ,  G06F15/16 ,  H04L12/703 ,  H04L12/761 ,  H04L12/707

CPC classification number: H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L45/22

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for avoiding packet loss and delay that occurs during conventional link switchover by moving link switchover logic from a downstream PORT (Protocol Independent Multicast Over Reliable Transport) routing element to an upstream PORT routing element. An upstream PORT routing element detects the failure of a forwarding interface for a multicast datastream, where the forwarding interface is coupled to a downstream PORT routing element. In response to detecting the failure, the upstream PORT routing element determines a set of candidate interfaces that are also coupled to the downstream PORT routing element. The upstream PORT routing element selects a new interface from the set of candidate interfaces and installs the new interface as a replacement forwarding interface for the multicast datastream.

Abstract translation: 本公开提供了通过将链路切换逻辑从下游端口（可协议传输路由协议无关组播）路由选择元件移动到上游端口路由选择元件来避免在常规链路切换期间发生的分组丢失和延迟。 上游端口路由元件检测组播数据流的转发接口的故障，其中转发接口耦合到下游端口路由元件。 响应于检测到故障，上游端口路由选择单元确定也耦合到下游端口路由选择单元的一组候选接口。 上游端口路由选择单元从候选接口集中选择一个新接口，并将新接口安装为组播数据流的替换转发接口。

公开(公告)号：US09154412B2

公开(公告)日：2015-10-06

申请号：US13954657

申请日：2013-07-30

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Stefan Olofsson

IPC: H04L12/723

CPC classification number: H04L45/507 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L45/18 ,  H04L45/22

Abstract: In one embodiment, a node in a multicast label distribution protocol (mLDP) network determines a remote protecting node for a particular root node in the mLDP network. In addition, the node determines a protecting node address of the remote protecting node and a root node address of the particular root node, and establishes an mLDP label-switched path (LSP) via the remote protecting node by using the protecting node address as a root of an outer forwarding equivalent class (FEC) of a recursive FEC, and using the root node address as an inner FEC of the recursive FEC for the mLDP LSP. As such, when the remote protecting node is reached, the outer FEC is stripped and the remote protecting node continues establishing the mLDP LSP toward the particular root node.

Abstract translation: 在一个实施例中，多播标签分发协议（mLDP）网络中的节点为mLDP网络中的特定根节点确定远程保护节点。 另外，节点确定远程保护节点的保护节点地址和特定根节点的根节点地址，并且通过使用保护节点地址作为远端保护节点地址来建立通过远程保护节点的mLDP标签交换路径（LSP） 根据递归FEC的外部转发等效类（FEC）的根，并且使用根节点地址作为用于mLDP LSP的递归FEC的内部FEC。 因此，当到达远程保护节点时，外部FEC被剥离，并且远程保护节点继续向特定根节点建立mLDP LSP。

公开(公告)号：US20150139228A1

公开(公告)日：2015-05-21

申请号：US14603561

申请日：2015-01-23

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Gregory J. Shepherd ,  Christian J. Martin

IPC: H04L12/18

CPC classification number: H04L12/185 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L45/54 ,  H04L45/74

Abstract: Various systems and methods for performing bit indexed explicit replication (BIER). For example, one method involves receiving a membership request at a node. The membership request is received from a host and the membership request identifies a multicast group. In response to receiving the membership request, the node generates a membership message. The membership message includes information identifying the multicast group and information identifying the node. The node transmits the membership to an overlay participant that stores a bit string associated with the multicast group.

Abstract translation: 用于执行位索引显式复制（BIER）的各种系统和方法。 例如，一种方法涉及在节点处接收成员资格请求。 从主机接收成员请求，并且成员资格请求标识多播组。 响应于接收到成员请求，节点生成成员消息。 会员消息包括标识多播组的信息和识别该节点的信息。 节点将成员资格发送给存储与多播组相关联的比特串的覆盖参与者。

公开(公告)号：US20140334308A1

公开(公告)日：2014-11-13

申请号：US14341536

申请日：2014-07-25

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Arjen Boers

IPC: H04L12/18 ,  H04L12/723

CPC classification number: H04L12/1886 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L45/48 ,  H04L45/50

Abstract: A method is provided for pruning an MP2MP tree. The method includes, in a first node of an MP2MP LSP tree, determining whether the first node has only a single replication branch for the MP2MP LSP tree, the single replication branch representing a downstream path to only a second node of the plurality of nodes. In response to determining that the first node has only a single replication branch for the MP2MP LSP tree, sending a message to the second node indicating that the second node should refrain from sending upstream traffic towards the first node, and in response to determining that the first node does not have only a single replication branch for the MP2MP LSP tree, refraining from sending a message to the second node indicating that the second node should refrain from sending upstream traffic of the MP2MP LSP tree towards the first node.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种修剪MP2MP树的方法。 该方法在MP2MP LSP树的第一节点中确定第一节点是否仅具有用于MP2MP LSP树的单个复制分支，单个复制分支表示仅到多个节点中的第二节点的下游路径。 响应于确定第一节点仅具有用于MP2MP LSP树的单个复制分支，向第二节点发送消息，指示第二节点不应该向第一节点发送上行业务，并且响应于确定 第一节点不具有用于MP2MP LSP树的单个复制分支，避免向第二节点发送消息，指示第二节点不应该向第一节点发送MP2MP LSP树的上行流量。

公开(公告)号：US20140254592A1

公开(公告)日：2014-09-11

申请号：US13792792

申请日：2013-03-11

Applicant: CISCO TECHNOLOGY, INC.

Inventor： Stefan Olofsson ,  Ijsbrand Wijnands

IPC: H04L12/18

CPC classification number: H04L12/1863

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for a loop avoidance technique that implements an upstream neighbor check to detect any forwarding inconsistencies. When a message is received from a neighbor routing element, an upstream neighbor check is performed to determine whether the neighbor routing element is an upstream neighbor toward a content provider of a datastream identified in the message. If the check determines that the neighbor routing element is not an upstream neighbor, then a forwarding inconsistency is not detected. If the check determines that the neighbor routing element is an upstream neighbor, then a forwarding inconsistency is detected.

Abstract translation: 本公开提供了一种循环避免技术，其实现上游邻居检查以检测任何转发不一致。 当从邻居路由元件接收到消息时，执行上游邻居检查以确定邻居路由元件是否是朝向消息中标识的数据流的内容提供商的上游邻居。 如果检查确定邻居路由元素不是上游邻居，则不检测到转发不一致。 如果检查确定邻居路由元素是上游邻居，则检测到转发不一致。

公开(公告)号：US12068871B2

公开(公告)日：2024-08-20

申请号：US17489266

申请日：2021-09-29

Applicant: CISCO TECHNOLOGY, INC.

Inventor： Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Gregory J. Shepherd ,  Christian J. Martin ,  Neale D. R. Ranns ,  Jesper Skriver

IPC: H04L12/18 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L45/18 ,  H04L45/50 ,  H04L45/74

CPC classification number: H04L12/18 ,  H04L12/1886 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L45/74 ,  H04L45/18 ,  H04L45/50

Abstract: Various systems and methods for performing bit indexed explicit replication (BIER) using multiprotocol label switching (MPLS). For example, one method involves receiving a packet that includes a MPLS label. The packet also includes a multicast forwarding entry. The method also involves determining, based on the value of the MPLS label, whether to use the multicast forwarding entry to forward the packet. The method further includes forwarding the packet.

公开(公告)号：US20230300134A1

公开(公告)日：2023-09-21

申请号：US18323183

申请日：2023-05-24

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Stefan Olofsson ,  Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Hendrikus G.P. Bosch

IPC: H04L9/40 ,  H04L12/46

CPC classification number: H04L63/0892 ,  H04L63/083 ,  H04L63/0823 ,  H04L63/168 ,  H04L12/4641 ,  H04L63/0272 ,  H04L61/2571

Abstract: In one embodiment, an apparatus includes one or more processors and one or more computer-readable non-transitory storage media coupled to the one or more processors. The one or more computer-readable non-transitory storage media include instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to perform operations including receiving a user credential from a remote access client within a network and communicating the user credential to an authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA) server within the network. The operations also include receiving a user attribute from the AAA server and generating a contextual label based on the user attribute. The contextual label includes routing instructions associated with traffic behavior within the network. The operations further include advertising a control message, which includes the contextual label, to the remote access client.

公开(公告)号：US11632354B2

公开(公告)日：2023-04-18

申请号：US16117641

申请日：2018-08-30

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Stig Ingvar Venaas ,  Mahesh Sivakumar ,  Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Mankamana Prasad Mishra

IPC: G06F15/16 ,  H04L61/59 ,  H04L12/46 ,  H04L45/00 ,  H04L49/201 ,  H04L61/103

Abstract: A disclosed method is performed at a first boundary node bordering a BIER domain. The method includes receiving a message associated with a source and group for multicast from outside the BIER domain. The method further includes generating an encapsulated message based on the message, a metric, and a first proxy address of the first boundary node. The method also includes forwarding the encapsulated message through the BIER domain to at least one second boundary node bordering the BIER domain and connectable to the first boundary node. The first boundary node additionally triggers the at least one second boundary node to decapsulate the encapsulated message for forwarding out of the first domain and store a record including the source, the group, the metric representing the cost of the first boundary node to the source, and the first proxy address on the at least one second boundary node.