公开(公告)号：US5570180A

公开(公告)日：1996-10-29

申请号：US518194

申请日：1995-08-23

Applicant: Yoshiroh Nagai

Inventor： Yoshiroh Nagai

IPC: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/04

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/0232 ,  G01J3/0237 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/2846 ,  G01J2003/1273

Abstract: A multi-slit type spectrometer includes a light diffracter which diffracts an incident light according to wavelengths; an optical shutter array member including a plurality of optical shutter elements arranged in correspondence with wavelength bands diffracted by the light diffracter, operable to transmit an incident ray according to an applied voltage, and made of PLZT. A zone of a given number of adjacent optical shutter elements is applied with a voltage corresponding to the wavelength bands of the rays incident upon the zone of adjacent optical shutter elements at a specified timing so that the rays respectively pass through or are reflected at the optical shutter elements. A signal processor receives the ray which has passed through or has been reflected at each optical shutter element and outputs an electrical signal according to the intensity of the received ray. A calculator calculates the intensity of the incident ray for each wavelength band in accordance with the electrical signal output from the signal processor and the specified applying timing.

Abstract translation: 多狭缝型光谱仪包括根据波长衍射入射光的光致畸变器; 光学快门阵列部件，其包括与由光致变色器衍射的波长带对应地布置的多个光学快门元件，可操作以根据施加的电压传输入射光线，并由PLZT制成。 给定数量的相邻光学快门元件的区域以指定的时刻施加与入射在相邻光学快门元件的区域上的光线的波段相对应的电压，使得光线分别通过或者被反射在光学 快门元素 信号处理器接收已经通过或已经在每个光学快门元件反射的光线，并根据所接收的光线的强度输出电信号。 计算器根据从信号处理器输出的电信号和指定的施加定时计算每个波段的入射光线的强度。

公开(公告)号：US5454048A

公开(公告)日：1995-09-26

申请号：US973099

申请日：1992-11-06

Applicant: David S. Davis

Inventor： David S. Davis

IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G06K9/58 ,  G06K9/00 ,  G06F7/36

CPC classification number: G01J3/2846 ,  G01J3/2823 ,  G06K9/58

Abstract: A new type of fully-multiplexed imaging device is described for use at wavelengths where efficient focal plane array detectors are unavailable. It shares some properties in common with the familiar technique of cycle-redundancy (i.e. Hadamard transform) imaging, but many of its features and capabilities are unique. Some of these characteristics are, first, the new approach employs image encoding masks that are both transmitting and reflecting, thereby increasing optical efficiency, and second, the technique requires only 2.sqroot.N encoding masks to image a field of N pixels, a dramatically smaller number than that needed (.about.2N) by traditional methods. Dual complementary inputs are used for first-order passive rejection of radiation background interference. The resulting image spatial resolutions along two coordinate directions are completely independent of each other. The measured image is formed by a convergent tiling of the image plane, quite unlike conventional raster scanning. In principle, the technique is capable of versatile adaptation to a wide variety of imaging and target discrimination tasks in infrared and microwave remote sensing, astronomy and surveillance.

Abstract translation: 描述了一种新型的全复用成像装置，用于有效的焦平面阵列检测器不可用的波长。 它与熟悉的循环冗余技术（即Hadamard变换）成像共享一些属性，但其许多特征和功能是独一无二的。 其中一些特点是，首先，新方法采用了传输和反射的图像编码掩模，从而提高了光学效率，其次，该技术只需要2个2ROOT N编码掩码来对N个像素的场进行成像， 数量比传统方法要差（DIFFERENCE 2N）。 双互补输入用于辐射背景干扰的一阶无源抑制。 所得到的沿两个坐标方向的图像空间分辨率彼此完全独立。 测量的图像由图像平面的收敛平铺形成，与传统的光栅扫描非常不同。 原则上，该技术能够对红外和微波遥感，天文学和监视中的各种成像和目标识别任务进行多种适应。

公开(公告)号：US5050989A

公开(公告)日：1991-09-24

申请号：US410388

申请日：1989-09-21

Applicant: Roger A. Van Tassel ,  Wallace K. Wong

Inventor： Roger A. Van Tassel ,  Wallace K. Wong

IPC: G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/2846 ,  G01J3/2803

Abstract: A Hadamard mask is placed in the entrance plane of a standard flat field grating spectrograph. A planar array is used as the detector. The Hadamard mask contains 2n-1 elements, where n is the number of elements in the detector array. This configuration produces a spectrograph with a wide aperture and hence high throughput, and allows rapid spectral measurements with no moving parts. It also allows simultaneous measurement of a randomly occurring pulse source.

Abstract translation: 将Hadamard面罩放置在标准平场光栅光谱仪的入射面上。 平面阵列用作检测器。 Hadamard掩模包含2n-1个元素，其中n是检测器阵列中元素的数量。 该配置产生具有宽孔径和因此高吞吐量的光谱仪，并且允许在没有移动部件的情况下进行快速光谱测量。 它还允许同时测量随机发生的脉冲源。

公开(公告)号：US4615619A

公开(公告)日：1986-10-07

申请号：US613711

申请日：1984-05-24

Applicant: William G. Fateley

Inventor： William G. Fateley

IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G02F1/01

CPC classification number: G01J3/2846 ,  G02F1/0147 ,  G01J3/0229

Abstract: An improved masking device for optical-type radiations (e.g., infrared visible or ultraviolet) is provided and employed in improved optical apparatus, such as spectrometers, requiring alterable radiation masking. The masking device involves no movable parts, is adapted to operate in a fixed position and has radiation transmission and/or reflection characteristics which are selectively alterable merely by controlling electrical excitation applied to the device. The masking device typically has a plurality of separated and predisposedly offset, coplanar zones of solidified, electrooptically active material carried upon a typically transparent substrate and bounded by areas of an opaque material. The active material may be any of the crystalline or polycrystalline materials which have the property of changing their optical characteristic between being relatively transmissive and being relatively reflective and/or opaque for radiations of the wavelengths of interest, in response to alterations in the magnitude of electrical current passing through the material; for example, diachromic compounds such as vanadium dioxide, certain other transition metal compounds and certain organometallic complex compounds. The masking device can be rapidly altered by electrical control to accommodate computerization techniques and Hadamard transforms or analogous mathematical techniques of spectral analysis.

Abstract translation: 提供用于光学类型辐射（例如，红外可见光或紫外线）的改进的掩蔽装置，并用于需要可变辐射掩蔽的改进的光学装置，例如光谱仪中。 掩模装置不包括可移动部件，适于在固定位置操作并且具有仅通过控制施加到装置的电激励来选择性地改变的辐射透射和/或反射特性。 掩蔽装置通常具有多个分离且易于偏移的共面的固体，电光活性材料的共面区域，该区域承载在通常透明的基板上并且由不透明材料的区域限定。 活性材料可以是任何结晶或多晶材料，其具有改变它们的光学特性在相对透射之间并且对于感兴趣的波长的辐射具有相对反射性和/或不透明性的特性，响应于电气量的变化 电流通过材料; 例如二氧化锡化合物如二氧化钒，某些其它过渡金属化合物和某些有机金属络合物。 可以通过电气控制快速改变掩蔽装置，以适应计算机化技术和Hadamard变换或光谱分析的类似数学技术。

公开(公告)号：US4462687A

公开(公告)日：1984-07-31

申请号：US325773

申请日：1981-11-30

Applicant: Gerhard Krause

Inventor： Gerhard Krause

IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/12

CPC classification number: G01J3/2846

Abstract: The present spectrometer features two modulators 11, 11' disposed one on either side of a dispersive member 19 which produces wavelength dependent deflections .alpha. of the various spectral components in the radiation. In other words the precise angle of deflection .alpha. is a function of wavelength. The dispersive element 19 is conveniently positioned between two lenses 26 which form a telecentric system with a magnification of one. The lens system is used to produce an image of the first modulator on the second modulator. Each of the modulators is preferably a grating with a linearly varying grating constant so that the modulators, which move in opposite directions f,f' at constant speed subject the incident radiation to a position dependent modulation. The radiation emerging from the second modulator 11' falls onto a photodetector 13. The arrangement is such that the output signal from the detector 13 contains a number of different frequencies each of which is characteristic of one of the particular spectral components. These frequencies, and thus the information on the individual spectral components can be readily separated using respective band pass filters 17.sub.I, 17.sub.II, 17.sub.III.

Abstract translation: 本光谱仪具有两个调制器11,11'，其设置在分散构件19的任一侧上，其在辐射中产生各种光谱分量的波长相关偏转α。 换句话说，精确的偏转角α是波长的函数。 分散元件19方便地位于两个透镜26之间，这两个透镜26形成了一个放大倍率的远心系统。 透镜系统用于在第二调制器上产生第一调制器的图像。 每个调制器优选地是具有线性变化光栅常数的光栅，使得以恒定速度以相反方向f'f'移动的调制器将入射辐射定位到依赖于位置的调制。 从第二调制器11'出射的辐射落在光电检测器13上。这种布置使得来自检测器13的输出信号包含多个不同的频率，每个频率都是特定频谱分量之一的特征。 这些频率以及因此关于各个频谱分量的信息可以使用各自的带通滤波器17I，17II，17III容易地分离。

公开(公告)号：US3687554A

公开(公告)日：1972-08-29

申请号：US3687554D

申请日：1970-12-24

Applicant: SHIMADZU CORP

Inventor： IWAHASHI KENJI

IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/00 ,  G01J3/42

CPC classification number: G01J3/2846

Abstract: A novel system for spectroscopic measurement adaptable in spectrum analysis utilizing a plurality of moire patterns. In order to improve the resolving power of the spectroscopic instrument without any reduction in the intensity of radiant energy to be measured, a pair of grills each having a plurality of narrow slits are disposed at the entrance side and the exit side with respect to a light source. The spectroscopic measurement is performed by discriminating a moire pattern formed by a radiant beam of specific wave length, which is static with respect to the movement of the exit grill, from other moire patterns formed by radiant beams which are dynamic with respect to the movement of the exit grill. In addition, to facilitate the electrical measurement of the intensity of radiant energy, means for giving a pulsating characteristic to a beam of light to be sensed by a photomultiplier tube is provided.

Abstract translation: 一种用于光谱测量的新颖系统，适用于利用多个莫尔图案的光谱分析。 为了提高分光仪的分辨能力而不会降低要测量的辐射能的强度，在入射侧和出射侧相对于光线设置一对具有多个窄狭缝的烤架 资源。 通过将相对于出口格栅的运动静止的特定波长的辐射束形成的莫尔条纹与通过相对于运动的动态的辐射束形成的其它波纹图案区分开来进行光谱测量， 出口格栅。 另外，为了便于对辐射能的强度的电测量，提供了用于给由光电倍增管感测的光束提供脉动特性的装置。

公开(公告)号：US3563654A

公开(公告)日：1971-02-16

申请号：US3563654D

申请日：1968-02-26

Applicant: ONERA (OFF NAT AEROSPATIALE)

Inventor： VERMANDE PAUL JEAN E

IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/00 ,  G01J3/42

CPC classification number: G01J3/2846

Abstract: A SPECTOMETER WITH MATCHING ENTRANCE AND EXIT GATES EACH DIVIDED INTO TWO MULTIPLICITIES OF ZONES OF DIFFERENT TRANSMISSIVITY FOR RADIATION TO BE ANALYZED, HAS MEANS FOR ROTATING ONE OF THE GATES ABOUT ITS AXIS TO GENERATE A RAPIDLY VARYING OUTPUT VOLTAGE WITH A FUNDAMENTAL FREQUENCY RELATED TO THE SPEED OF ROTATION WHENEVER THE RADIANT ENERGY INCLUDES FLUX OF A PREFETERMINED ADJUSTMENT WAVELENGTH, I.E. THAT WAVELENGTH WITH WHICH AN INTERPOSED PRISM OR DIFFRECTION GRATING PRODUCES AN IMAGE OF THE ENTRANCE GATE COINCIDING EXACTLY WITH THE EXIT GATE. EACH OF THESE GATES HAS A CIRCULAR AREA ANGHULARLY SUBDIVIDED INTO AN EVEN NUMBER OF IDENTICAL SECTORS AND RADIALLY SUBDIVIDED BY CONCENTRIC CIRCLES DEFINING TOGETHER WITH THE SECTOR BOUNDARIES A MULTIPLICITY OF ARCUATE ZONES, THESE ZONES BEING ALTERNATELY TRANSPARENT AND OPAQUE OR REFLECTING AND NONREFLECTING FOR THE FLUX TO BE ANALYZED.

D R A W I N G

公开(公告)号：US3432238A

公开(公告)日：1969-03-11

申请号：US3432238D

申请日：1965-03-04

Applicant: ONERA (OFF NAT AEROSPATIALE)

Inventor： GIRARD ANDRE JEAN

IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/14

CPC classification number: G01J3/2846

公开(公告)号：US3411851A

公开(公告)日：1968-11-19

申请号：US41462764

申请日：1964-11-30

Applicant: ONERA (OFF NAT AEROSPATIALE)

Inventor： JEAN GIRARD ANDRE

IPC: G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/2846

公开(公告)号：US2525445A

公开(公告)日：1950-10-10

申请号：US12664649

申请日：1949-11-10

Applicant: GEN ELECTRIC

Inventor： CANADA ALFRED H

IPC: G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/2846