Abstract:
Apparatus for measuring multiphase fluid flows and related methods are disclosed herein. An example apparatus includes a fluid conduit to provide a flow path for a fluid, a first antenna coupled to the fluid conduit, and a second antenna coupled to the fluid conduit. The second antenna is to generate first signal data based on a first signal emitted by the first antenna. The example apparatus includes a third antenna coupled to the fluid conduit. The third antenna is to generate second signal data based on a second signal emitted by the first antenna. The first antenna, the second antenna, and the third antenna are disposed in a linear array relative to an axis of the fluid conduit. The example apparatus includes a processor to determine one or more of a permittivity or a conductivity of the fluid based on the first signal data and the second signal data.
Abstract:
Systems, methods, apparatus, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to measure a multiphase flow. An example system includes a flowmeter including a mixer to homogenize a fluid received at an inlet of the flowmeter, a differential pressure sensor to measure a differential pressure of the fluid across an inlet and an outlet of the mixer, a Doppler probe to transmit a microwave or an ultrasonic wave into the fluid to generate Doppler frequency shift data, and a flowmeter manager to calculate a velocity of the fluid based on the Doppler frequency shift data, and calculate a density of the fluid based on the differential pressure and the velocity.
Abstract:
Geothermal production monitoring systems and related methods are disclosed herein. An example system includes a production well, an injection well, a downhole pump or a downhole compressor to control a production of a multiphase fluid including steam from the production well, a first fluid conduit to transport the multiphase fluid away from the production well, a surface pump disposed downstream of the first fluid conduit, and a second fluid conduit. The surface pump is to inject water into the injection well via the second fluid conduit. A flowmeter is fluidly coupled to the first fluid conduit. The example system includes a processor to control at least one of (a) the downhole pump or the downhole compressor or (b) the surface pump in response to fluid property data generated by the first flowmeter.
Abstract:
Electromagnetic probes for analyzing a flowing multi-phase fluid are described herein. The probes generally use a probe assembly for measuring liquid properties in a multiphase fluid flowing in a conduit, the probe assembly comprising a first member with a probe portion and a connection portion, the probe portion having a central bore with a conductor and a pressure-resistant insulator surrounding the conductor, the conductor extending from an opening at a distal end of the probe portion into the connection portion, the connection portion having a connector coupled to a distal end of the connection portion, the connection portion having a seal face with a groove extending around the probe portion; and a second member that, when assembled, is in direct contact with the first member at the distal end of the connection portion to apply compression and to retain the first member against a wall of the conduit.
Abstract:
Apparatus for measuring multiphase fluid flows and related methods are disclosed herein. An example apparatus includes a fluid conduit to provide a flow path for a fluid, a first antenna coupled to the fluid conduit, and a second antenna coupled to the fluid conduit. The second antenna is to generate first signal data based on a first signal emitted by the first antenna. The example apparatus includes a third antenna coupled to the fluid conduit. The third antenna is to generate second signal data based on a second signal emitted by the first antenna. The first antenna, the second antenna, and the third antenna are disposed in a linear array relative to an axis of the fluid conduit. The example apparatus includes a processor to determine one or more of a permittivity or a conductivity of the fluid based on the first signal data and the second signal data.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus for detecting water in multiphase flows are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a conduit including an inlet to receive a multiphase flow and an electromagnetic sensor coupled to a liquid-rich region of the conduit to measure a permittivity of the multiphase flow, and a water detection manager to determine that water is detected in the multiphase flow based on the permittivity.
Abstract:
Conductivity probe fluid property measurement systems and related methods are disclosed herein. An example apparatus includes a flow meter and a fluid conduit to provide a flow path for a fluid relative to the flow meter. The example apparatus includes a conductivity probe coupled to the fluid conduit to generate brine conductivity data of the fluid during flow of the fluid through the fluid conduit. The example apparatus includes a processor to modify fluid flow data generated by the flow meter based on the brine conductivity data.
Abstract:
An apparatus includes a pipe through which a multiphase fluid flows, with a transparent window structure formed in the pipe. A collimated light source emits light through the transparent window structure into the pipe having a wavelength at which a component of a desired phase of the multiphase fluid is absorptive. A photodetector is positioned such that the emitted light passes through the multiphase fluid in the pipe to impinge upon the photodetector. The photodetector has an actual dynamic range for collimated light detection. Processing circuitry is configured to continuously adjust a power of the collimated light source dependent upon an output level of the photodetector so as to cause measurement of the emitted light over an effective dynamic range greater than the actual dynamic range, and determine a property of the multiphase fluid as a function of the power of the collimated light source.
Abstract:
Methods and devices for measuring fluid properties include an electromagnetic sensor. The electromagnetic sensor includes a coaxial probe body having a first integral pressure barrier and a second integral pressure barrier formed from coaxial-feedthrough connector. The first integral pressure barrier and the second integral pressure barrier have a desired characteristic impedance.
Abstract:
Method and apparatus for measuring properties of a flowing multiphase mixture uses a plurality of electrodes or plurality of microwave antennas to rapidly and repeatedly measure an electrical property of the multiphase mixture over a period of time. A computer processes the rapid and repeated measurements to determine a succession of values of permittivity and/or conductivity of a liquid phase of the multiphase mixture within the said period of time and further processes the succession of values of a permittivity and/or a conductivity of the liquid phase to determine at least one of a water-in-liquid-ratio and a liquid holdup of the multiphase mixture. A conduit for the multiphase flow possibly includes a Venturi and the processor takes pressure and differential pressure as further inputs to compute flow rates for each phase in the multiphase mixture.