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    APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING A RANGING PACKET COMPATIBLE WITH LEGACY 802.11 SYSTEMS
    11.
    发明申请
    APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING A RANGING PACKET COMPATIBLE WITH LEGACY 802.11 SYSTEMS 审中-公开

    公开(公告)号：US20190037549A1

    公开(公告)日：2019-01-31

    申请号：US15937365

    申请日：2018-03-27

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Mingguang Xu ,  Su Khiong Yong ,  Mithat C. Dogan ,  Rohit U. Nabar ,  Qi Wang ,  Kyle C. Brogle ,  Andrew J. Ringer

    IPC: H04W72/04 ,  H04W64/00

    Abstract: Communicating wireless devices collaborate and utilize waveforms to enable secure channel estimation. To protect against a repetitive replay attack, some embodiments include Single Carrier Physical Layer (SC-PHY) waveforms and/or interpolated OFDM waveforms that do not include a repeatable or predictable structure. The waveforms are transmitted in ranging packet structures that are compatible with legacy 802.11 technologies that do not utilize secure channel estimation. The ranging packets are received in combination with the information previously exchanged to enable the receiving wireless system to securely determine a channel estimate (e.g., determine a channel estimate without an interloper transmission that is not an authentic first arrival path in a multi-path channel between the wireless systems). Thus, one or both of the wireless systems can estimate the distance between them (or range). Devices utilizing legacy 802.11 technologies may receive the ranging packet structures and determine durations for deferring access to the channel.

    Electronic devices having sensor-augmented wireless link management
    13.
    发明授权
    Electronic devices having sensor-augmented wireless link management 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10986510B2

    公开(公告)日：2021-04-20

    申请号：US16141752

    申请日：2018-09-25

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Yakun Sun ,  Mingguang Xu ,  Mithat C. Dogan ,  Ehsan Haghani ,  Rohit U. Nabar ,  Matthew A. Mow

    IPC: H04W16/28 ,  H01Q3/26 ,  H04W36/30

    Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry and control circuitry. The wireless circuitry may include a phased antenna array. Sensors and other circuitry in the electronic device may generate sensor data such as accelerometer data, gyroscope data, magnetometer data, location data, and spatial ranging data. The wireless circuitry may establish and maintain one or more wireless links with external devices based on the sensor data as the device moves over time. For example, the wireless circuitry may perform physical layer beam adjustments, inter-radio access technology handovers, intra-radio access technology handovers, and/or dual connectivity adjustments based on the sensor data. This may allow the device to maintain one or more wireless links without having to sweep the signal beam of the phased antenna array over its entire field of view each time the device has moved.

    Apparatus and method for transmitting a ranging packet compatible with legacy 802.11 systems
    14.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and method for transmitting a ranging packet compatible with legacy 802.11 systems 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10660085B2

    公开(公告)日：2020-05-19

    申请号：US15937365

    申请日：2018-03-27

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Mingguang Xu ,  Su Khiong Yong ,  Mithat C. Dogan ,  Rohit U. Nabar ,  Qi Wang ,  Kyle C. Brogle ,  Andrew J. Ringer

    IPC: H04W72/04 ,  H04W64/00 ,  H04L25/02 ,  H04W84/12 ,  H04L5/00

    Abstract: Communicating wireless devices collaborate and utilize waveforms to enable secure channel estimation. To protect against a repetitive replay attack, some embodiments include Single Carrier Physical Layer (SC-PHY) waveforms and/or interpolated OFDM waveforms that do not include a repeatable or predictable structure. The waveforms are transmitted in ranging packet structures that are compatible with legacy 802.11 technologies that do not utilize secure channel estimation. The ranging packets are received in combination with the information previously exchanged to enable the receiving wireless system to securely determine a channel estimate (e.g., determine a channel estimate without an interloper transmission that is not an authentic first arrival path in a multi-path channel between the wireless systems). Thus, one or both of the wireless systems can estimate the distance between them (or range). Devices utilizing legacy 802.11 technologies may receive the ranging packet structures and determine durations for deferring access to the channel.

    Electronic Devices Having Sensor-Augmented Wireless Link Management
    15.
    发明申请
    Electronic Devices Having Sensor-Augmented Wireless Link Management 审中-公开

    公开(公告)号：US20200100118A1

    公开(公告)日：2020-03-26

    申请号：US16141752

    申请日：2018-09-25

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Yakun Sun ,  Mingguang Xu ,  Mithat C. Dogan ,  Ehsan Haghani ,  Rohit U. Nabar ,  Matthew A. Mow

    IPC: H04W16/28 ,  H04W36/30 ,  H01Q3/26

    Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry and control circuitry. The wireless circuitry may include a phased antenna array. Sensors and other circuitry in the electronic device may generate sensor data such as accelerometer data, gyroscope data, magnetometer data, location data, and spatial ranging data. The wireless circuitry may establish and maintain one or more wireless links with external devices based on the sensor data as the device moves over time. For example, the wireless circuitry may perform physical layer beam adjustments, inter-radio access technology handovers, intra-radio access technology handovers, and/or dual connectivity adjustments based on the sensor data. This may allow the device to maintain one or more wireless links without having to sweep the signal beam of the phased antenna array over its entire field of view each time the device has moved.

    Electronic devices having sensor-augmented wireless link management
    16.
    发明授权
    Electronic devices having sensor-augmented wireless link management 有权

    公开(公告)号：US12207100B2

    公开(公告)日：2025-01-21

    申请号：US17208282

    申请日：2021-03-22

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Yakun Sun ,  Mingguang Xu ,  Mithat C. Dogan ,  Ehsan Haghani ,  Rohit U. Nabar ,  Matthew A. Mow

    IPC: H04W16/28 ,  H01Q3/26 ,  H04W36/30 ,  H04W36/32

    Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry and control circuitry. The wireless circuitry may include a phased antenna array. Sensors and other circuitry in the electronic device may generate sensor data such as accelerometer data, gyroscope data, magnetometer data, location data, and spatial ranging data. The wireless circuitry may establish and maintain one or more wireless links with external devices based on the sensor data as the device moves over time. For example, the wireless circuitry may perform physical layer beam adjustments, inter-radio access technology handovers, intra-radio access technology handovers, and/or dual connectivity adjustments based on the sensor data. This may allow the device to maintain one or more wireless links without having to sweep the signal beam of the phased antenna array over its entire field of view each time the device has moved.

    Ranging using beamforming antenna weight vectors and secure ranging packet with phase tracking
    20.
    发明授权
    Ranging using beamforming antenna weight vectors and secure ranging packet with phase tracking 有权

    公开(公告)号：US11585916B2

    公开(公告)日：2023-02-21

    申请号：US16383119

    申请日：2019-04-12

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Su Khiong Yong ,  Mithat C. Dogan ,  Mingguang Xu ,  Anuj Batra ,  Keangpo R. Ho ,  Akira Yamanaka

    IPC: G01S13/84 ,  H04W12/63 ,  H04W28/18 ,  H04L27/26 ,  H04W28/24 ,  G01S13/18

    Abstract: Some embodiments enable secure time of flight (SToF) measurements for wireless communication packets that include secure ranging packets with zero padded random sequence waveforms, including at higher frequency bands (e.g., 60 GHz) and in non-line of sight (NLOS) scenarios. Some embodiments provide a flexible protocol to allow negotiation of one or more security parameters and/or SToF operation parameters. For example, some embodiments employ: phase tracking and signaling to support devices with phase noise constraints to mitigate phase noise at higher frequencies; determining a number of random sequences (RSs) used for SToF to support consistency checks and channel verification; additional rules supporting sub-phases of the SToF operation; and/or determining First Path (FP), Sub-Optimal, and/or Hybrid path AWV modes and the pre-conditioning usage of these modes.

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