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公开(公告)号：US20220158687A1
公开(公告)日：2022-05-19
申请号：US16953244
申请日：2020-11-19
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Yashar Rajavi , Sohrab Emami-Neyestanak , Abbas Komijani
Abstract: A transceiver having a shared filter for both transmit and receive modes is disclosed. A transceiver includes a transmitter having an output coupled to a signal node, wherein the transmitter is configured to transmit signals onto the signal node during transceiver operation in a transmit mode. The transceiver also includes a receiver having an input coupled to the signal node, and configured to receive signals from the signal node during operation in the receive mode. The transceiver further includes a first filter coupled to the signal node, wherein the filter is shared by the transmitter and the receiver. The filter is coupled between the transceiver and a first terminal of a transmission line.
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公开(公告)号：US20250047241A1
公开(公告)日：2025-02-06
申请号：US18924876
申请日：2024-10-23
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Abbas Komijani , Hongrui Wang , Sohrab Emami-Neyestanak
Abstract: An electronic device may include a transceiver with mixer circuitry that up-converts or down-converts signals based on a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) signal. The transceiver circuitry may include first, second, third, and fourth VCOs. Each VCO may include a VCO core that receives a control voltage and an inductor coupled to the VCO core. Fixed linear capacitors may be coupled between the VCO cores. A switching network may be coupled between the VCOs. Control circuitry may place the VCO circuitry in one of four different operating modes and may switch between the operating modes to selectively control current direction in each of the inductors. The VCO circuitry may generate the VCO signal within a respective frequency range in each of the operating modes. The VCO circuitry may exhibit a relatively wide frequency range across all of the operating modes while introducing minimal phase noise to the system.
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公开(公告)号：US20250030144A1
公开(公告)日：2025-01-23
申请号：US18356964
申请日：2023-07-21
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Tarek Khedr Abdalla Mealy , Abbas Komijani , Zhengan Yang , Reetika K. Agarwal , Hongrui Wang , Zhang Jin
Abstract: This disclosure is directed to a power combiner/divider with improved operating frequency range (e.g., bandwidth) compared to other power combiners/dividers. The power combiner/divider may include an isolation circuit including a first resonant circuit and a second resonant circuit coupled to terminals (e.g., input terminals, output terminals) of the power combiner/divider. The first resonant circuit may attenuate signals having frequencies in a first frequency range below an attenuation threshold between the terminals of the power combiner/divider. The second resonant circuit may attenuate signals having frequencies in a second frequency range below an attenuation threshold between the terminals of the power combiner/divider. Accordingly, the isolation circuit may improve isolation between multiple terminals of the power combiner/divider at a wider bandwidth compared to other power combiners/dividers based attenuating cross-talk between the terminal at the first frequency range and the second frequency range.
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公开(公告)号：US12199621B2
公开(公告)日：2025-01-14
申请号：US18135343
申请日：2023-04-17
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Hongrui Wang , Abbas Komijani , Hideya Oshima , Reetika K Agarwal
Abstract: In a charge pump-based PLL circuit, charge pump output current variation may cause phase instability at an output of a VCO. The output current variation may be caused by low-frequency disturbances (e.g., tuning voltage (Vtune) drift with channel length modulation effect), disturbance in a gate bias voltage of a transistor, or a VDD transient. Such a low-frequency disturbance may occur during initial lock, which may affect phase settling time, or after lock, which may result in phase instability. A replica charge pump and a current filtering and compensation circuit may be implemented at the output of a main charge pump to provide error current compensation to suppress channel length modulation effect, improve phase stability, and reduce phase noise.
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公开(公告)号：US12184232B2
公开(公告)日：2024-12-31
申请号：US18359593
申请日：2023-07-26
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Abbas Komijani , Hongrui Wang , Sohrab Emami-Neyestanak
Abstract: An electronic device may include a transceiver with mixer circuitry that up-converts or down-converts signals based on a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) signal. The transceiver circuitry may include first, second, third, and fourth VCOs. Each VCO may include a VCO core that receives a control voltage and an inductor coupled to the VCO core. Fixed linear capacitors may be coupled between the VCO cores. A switching network may be coupled between the VCOs. Control circuitry may place the VCO circuitry in one of four different operating modes and may switch between the operating modes to selectively control current direction in each of the inductors. The VCO circuitry may generate the VCO signal within a respective frequency range in each of the operating modes. The VCO circuitry may exhibit a relatively wide frequency range across all of the operating modes while introducing minimal phase noise to the system.
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公开(公告)号：US20240372511A1
公开(公告)日：2024-11-07
申请号：US18142540
申请日：2023-05-02
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Hongrui Wang , Reetika K Agarwal , James Mawdsley , Abbas Komijani
Abstract: This disclosure is directed to an amplifier (e.g., a variable gain amplifier (VGA)) with improved linearity compared to other amplifiers. The amplifier may include degeneration inductors and a tunable degeneration resistor to generate amplified signals. The degeneration inductors and the tunable degeneration resistor may form a resonant circuit to improve linearity of the amplified signal at a desired frequency by reducing direct current (DC) components and harmonic components of the amplified signal having the desired frequency. Moreover, the amplifier may also generate the amplified signals with improved linearity at back-off output powers based on using the tunable degeneration resistor and the degeneration inductors. As such, the amplifier may include the degeneration inductors and the tunable degeneration resistor to generate the amplified signals having an output power across a range of output powers, such as a peak output power and one or multiple back-off output powers, with improved linearity.
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公开(公告)号：US20240305389A1
公开(公告)日：2024-09-12
申请号：US18181466
申请日：2023-03-09
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Mohamed Abouzied , Abbas Komijani
IPC: H04B17/15
CPC classification number: H04B17/15
Abstract: Wireless circuitry can include a radio-frequency amplifier and a power detection circuit coupled to an output of the radio-frequency amplifier. The power detection circuit can include an input transistor, a biasing circuit configured to output a bias voltage for the input transistor and configured to track temperature and voltage variations, and a non-linearity cancellation component configured to generate a current that at least partially cancels a non-linear current associated with the input transistor. The input transistor may be an n-type transistor, and the non-linearity cancellation component may be a p-type metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitor. The biasing circuit can include n-type and p-type diode-connected bias transistors.
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公开(公告)号：US11978578B2
公开(公告)日：2024-05-07
申请号：US17823756
申请日：2022-08-31
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Hongrui Wang , Saihua Lin , Abbas Komijani , Sohrab Emami-Neyestanak
CPC classification number: H01F27/2804 , H01F5/003 , H01F17/0013 , H01F38/14 , H03H7/0115 , H03H7/09 , H03H7/427 , H01F2017/0026 , H01F2027/2814 , H03H2001/0085
Abstract: Radio frequency filtering circuitry blocks certain frequencies in an outgoing signal so that the signal may be transmitted over a desired frequency. The radio frequency filtering circuitry includes a first inductor having a first coil and a second inductor coupled to and disposed within the first coil. The second inductor has a second coil and a third coil symmetrical to the second coil. When current is applied to the radio frequency filtering circuitry, the current in the second coil causes a first induced current in the first coil and the current in the third coil causes a second induced current in the first coil, wherein the second induced current is approximately equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the first induced current. As such, the second induced current may compensate for the first induced current.
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公开(公告)号：US11829175B2
公开(公告)日：2023-11-28
申请号：US17942807
申请日：2022-09-12
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Reetika Kumari Agarwal , Abbas Komijani
Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein relate to a low-voltage dropout regulator and more specifically to improving a power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) of the low dropout voltage regulator. The low dropout voltage regulator may be used to generate various voltages for integrated circuits of an electronic device. In some cases, a P-type metal-oxide-semiconductor (PMOS) low dropout (LDO) voltage regulator may be used. However, the PMOS LDO may not provide a sufficient PSRR or reduction in supply noise. To address these issues, an N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS) LDO voltage regulator having an NMOS pass transistor may be used. The NMOS LDO may provide a lower impedance than the PMOS LDO. Further, the NMOS LDO may provide an increased bandwidth and consume a smaller physical area than the PMOS LDO.
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公开(公告)号：US20230352932A1
公开(公告)日：2023-11-02
申请号：US17661503
申请日：2022-04-29
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Junjun Li , Abbas Komijani , Hongrui Wang
CPC classification number: H02H9/046 , H01L27/0255
Abstract: An output circuit included in an integrated circuit may employ multiple protection circuits to protect driver devices from damage during an electrostatic discharge event. One protection circuit clamps a signal port to a ground supply node upon detection of the electrostatic discharge event. Another protection circuit increases the voltage level of a control terminal to one of the driver devices during the electrostatic discharge event to reduce the voltage across the driver device and prevent damage to the device.
